US624430A - Bauer - Google Patents

Description

Patentsd May 2, |899.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FERDINAND BRUNBAUER, OE VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

INJ EoTo R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 624,430, dated May 2, 1899.

Application led August 5, 1898. Serial No. 687,838. (Model.)

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Be it known that I, FERDINAND BRUN- BAUER, a subject of the Emperor of Austria- Hungary, residing at Vienna, in the Province of Lower Aust-ria, in the Empire of Austria- Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Injectors; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part o f this specification.

'In injectors as heretofore constructed the combining-nozzle traversed by the steam entering through the steam-nozzle with thefeedwater sucked from the water-chamber is provided for the purpose of facilitating the starting of the injector with overflow perforations or passages of various forms communicating with the overflow-chamber or the combiningnozzle is formed as a flap-nozzle. All these constructions are very sensitive and have numerous drawbacks which culminate chiefly in the fact that the jet passing through the combining-nozzle undergoes sudden interruptions on its whole extent, which very easily conduce to great disadvantages and especiallyl entail considerable loss of overflow-water, especially at those overflow passages or perforations of the combining-nozzle situated near to the'steam-nozzle-that is to say, where the jet of water is still considerably mixed with steam. y

In the case of combining-nozzles that are provided with the ordinary perforations there is the further disadvantage that it is not possible to suck up the water with a high pressure of steam, because there is not a sufficiently wide passage from the interior of the nozzle to the overliow-chamber. Further, in the ordinary combining-nozzles and also on account of the nature of their perforations the feeding of a large quantity of water with a comparatively small consumption of steam is quite impossible, although it `has, been known fora long time that the jet of water draws with it the air contained inthe overiiow-chamber through the perforations of the combining-nozzle, and thereby produces a vacuum in the said chamber, so that more water can be sucked up and the amount of delivery of the injector increased; but since the perforations in the nozzles as heretofore carried out have all been such that only few and unfavorably-situated. points of contact with the jet of water passing through the combining-nozzle are presented to the water that is additionally sucked up the result is that only a small quantity of water can be carried along mechanically.

Now this invention has for its objects to obviate all these disadvantages, and in injectors of all kinds, both suction-injectors and those which act with a flow of feed-water under certain pressure, to insure an easy and perfectly certain starting and an increased capacity for drawing in further water. 4 This is eected by`forming the combining-nozzle with an outlet or outlets arranged in a helical way, and, especially in injectors for working with a head of water, by further providing a device for regulating the cross-sectional area of additional suction in order Vto prevent a free flow or overflow of the Water.

The accompanying drawings represent in longitudinal section various examples of apparatus constructed according to this invention. Throughoutthesedrawings,@indicates the steam-nozzle; b, the water-chamber; c, the water-outlet to the boiler; d, the over- Iiow-valve e, the combining-nozzle; f, the discharging-nozzle; g, the check-valve, and h the overflow-chamber.

As shown in Figures l to 4, inclusive, the passage in the combining-nozzle e is formed by a helical slot z', which pierces the nozzle-wall and may be formed in various ways and whereby the nozzle e is provided for a suitable length at each point with an exit into the overiow-chamber h.

valve ol into the atmosphere, so thata certain Y IOO with the overflow-chamber t, while all the other parts of this periphery have no perforation, and consequently the jetis guided thereby. The perforation thus extends always along the periphery of the cross-section of the jet in its advance toward the discharging-nozzle, and the jet has sufficient time to become formed 'before any part of its periphery which has passed by a place of perforation reaches the next following place of perforation situated in the same radial plane. In this manner, therefore, it is also possible to provide a sufficiently wide passage from the combining-nozzle to the oxf'erflow-chambei' in accordance with the degree of steampressure, and it is also possible to suck up the water by means of the whole steam which is supplied through the steam-nozzle.

The helical perforation or passage t', which is shown in Fig. l as being formed in a combining-nozzle consisting of a single piece, can be readily produced in a lathe, if the nozzle e, as shown in Fig. 2, is composed of two or more parts, in one of which the perforation iscut.

Fig. 3 shows an example of a nozzle in which the perforation or passage t is form ed by making the combining-nozzle by rolling up astrip of sheet metal after the manner of a spiral passage is constituted bya number of holes i,

formed along a helical line in the wall of the nozzle e. When the injector showniu Fig. 5 is in operation, the jet of water passing through the combining-nozzle e draws the air contained in the overflow-chamber hwith it through the perforations t, and thus forms a vacuum there. The combining-nozzle being provided with perforations, as stated, the

injector will, as is well known, by means of this vacuum, draw in further water and deliver it into the boiler. The more numerous and the more favorably situated these perforations are the greater will be the increase in the quantity delivered. This applies in the most favorable mannerimaginable to the helical or screw-thread-like perforations hereinbefore described, because the jet of water passing through the nozzle e comes repeatedly into contact along its wholeperiphery alternately with the perforations t' in the nozzle, and thus acquires a considerably-increased capability of additional suction. In connection with this, as shown in Figs. 2, 4, and 5, the water-chamber b of @the injector is connected by means of a passage b', provided with a valve b2, with the overflow-chamber h. 'By the action of the vacuum obtaining in the loverflow chamber the additional suctionvalve b2 is raised and a certain amount of water is sucked through the passage b into the overflow-chamber 71. and is carried along by the jet in the nozzle e.

The combining-nozzle provided with one or more helicallyarranged perforations i, as hereinbefore described, can be employed in injectors of the majority of existing types, it being immaterial whether they have single or or double nozzle arrangements. By means of the combining-nozzle constructed as herein described a more easy starting and increased capability of additional suction are obtained, even if the injector instead of acting merely with a suction action Works with the feedwater flowing to it undera certain head. In that case also a vacuum is formed in the overflow-chamber; but the amount of water entering through the passage b' must not be too great in this case, because otherwise the vacuum would disappear again and the pressure yof the inl-lowing Water might be produced in the overflow-chamber, so that after the raising of theoverfiow-valve d there would be a free flow oroverliow of the water from b to b and 7L to d. For the purpose of removing this drawback'the injector-is provided with a regulating device which determines the cross-sectional area of the additional suction once for all in a suitable manner. As shown in Fig. 2, this device consists of a valve b3,which can be screwed higher or lower, so as thereby to reduce more or less the passage of the valve b2. As shown in Fig. 4 it consists of a screw b4, adapted to rregulate the lift of the valve Z22, and as shown in Fig. 5 it consists of a nozzle b5, which is inserted in the pas-sage b. The lift-regulating screw b4 (shown in Fig. 4) may also be employed, if the additional suction-valve b2 go wrong, to press the same completely down upon its seat. Obviously the object of this regulation of the cross-sectional area might Valso be effected by other forms of construction of this regulating device which is set or adjusted and is then left for some time in this position for the purpose of regulating the rcross-sectional area of additional suction according to the pressure of the water under which the injector has to work in each case in such a manner that rather less Water is allowed to flow in under pressure than the jet of the injector could additionally suck up. The regulating device herein described may also be employed in purely suction injectorsA IIO the overow-chamber at successive points between the inlet and outlet of said cone, no two of said points lying in one and the same radial or horizontal line, for the purpose set forth.

2. In an injector, the combination with the overflow-chamber, and the steam and discharging cones or nozzles,of a com bining-cone provided, intermediate of its inlet and outlet, with aspiral passage or passages in communication with the overflow-chamber, for th purpose set forth.

3. In an injector in which the overiiowchamber is in communication with a source of Water-supply, a combining-cone in communication with said overfiow-chamber at successive points intermediate -of the inlet and outlet of said cone, no two of said points of communication lying in one and the same radial or horizontal line, for the purpose set forth. j

4. In an injector in which the overflowchamber is in communication with the water branch or chamber, a combining'cone in communication with said 'overflow-chamber at successive points intermediate of the inlet and outlet of said cone, no two of said points of communication lying in one and the same radial or horizontal line, for the purpose set forth. Y

5. In an injector in 'which the overiiowchamber is in communication with the water branch or chamber, a combining-cone provided intermediate of its inlet and outlet, with a spiral passage or passages in communication with the overilow-chamber, for the purpose set forth.

6. In an injector, the combination with the water branch or chamber and the overiiowchamber, of a-by-path leading from said Water-chamber into the overflow-chamber, a

port in said by-path, a valve for said port controlled by pressure Variations in the overiiow-chamber, and means for varying the area of said port, for the purpose set forth.

7. In an injector in which the overowchamber is in communication with a source of water-supply, the combination with said overiiow-chamber, the steam and discharging cones or nozzles and a combining cone or nozzle provided between its inlet and outlet with passages in communication with the overiiowchamber the centers of which passages lie in different radial planes; of a valve controlling the communication between the overflowchamber and source of water-supply, and means for.varying the area of theV passage controlled by said Valve, for the purpose set forth.

8. In an injector, the combination with the water branch or chamber, the steam and discharging cones or nozzles, vthe overilow-chamber, and a combining cone or nozzle provided between its inlet and outlet with passages communicating with the overflow-chamber the centers of which passages lie in different radial planes; of ahy-path in communication with the water-chamber and with the overflow-chamber at a point in advance of the outlet of said combining-cone, a port in said passage, a valve for said port controlled by pressure variations in the overflow-chamber, and means for varying the area of said port, for the purpose set forth. i

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FERDINAND BRUNBAUER.

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