US623926A - Lock hinge - Google Patents

Description

No. 623,926. Patented Apr. 25 1899..

.1. w. NEAL.

LUCK HINGE.

(Application filed July so, 1898.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

No. 623,926. Patented Apr. 25, I899. J. w. NEAL.

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JAMES WV. NEAL, OF 'ROANOKE, VIRGINIA, ASSIGNOR TO AUSTIN R. NEAL AND ELIZA S. GALE, OF SAME PLACE.

LOCK-HINGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 623,926, dated April 25, 1899. Application filed July 80, 1898. Serial No. 687,287. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES W. NEAL, a citizen of the United States, residing at'Roanoke, in the county of Roanoke and State of Virginia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hinges; and I do herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in hinges for shutters, doors, &c., of that class in which the parts of the hinge are locked together; and the object I have in view is to provide hinges for shutters or doors which will facilitate the operation of hanging the same and after they are properly adjusted to prevent them from being accidentally knocked or lifted off their hinges.

In the ordinary construction of shutterhinges now generally in use to hang the shutter it is necessary to adjust the parts of both the upper and lower hinges at the same time, and after they are adjusted they are sometimes accidentally removed, causing injury, damage, or delay. To overcome these objections, I have devised hinges of slightly-different construction, the upper hinge to be first adjusted and after the same is secured to serve as a support for the shutter or door until the lower hinge is adjusted. To prevent the shutter from being accidentally raised from its hinges, I have so constructed the upper and lower hinges that the shutter cannot be removed from the window-frame until the lower hinge is first detached. Then it can be re moved from the upper hinge.

To the accomplishment of these ends my invention consists in having the pintle of the upper hinge constructed to receive and lock the hinge when the shutter is in one position with relation to the window-frame, while the pintle of the lower hinge is adapted to connect and lock the parts of said hinge when the shutter is in a difierent position from that which it occupied in assembling the upper hinge, the upper hinge serving to support the shutter while the lower hinge is being assembled; and the invention further consists in the detailed construction of parts, which will be hereinafter fully described and claimed.

To enable others to understand my invention, I have illustrated the preferred embodiment thereof in the accompanying drawings, referring-to which Figure l is a perspective View illustrating the manner of hanging a shutter, the pintle of the lower hinge being removed. Fig. 2 is a plan View of the upper hinge, illustrating the locking mechanism. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the lower hinge, illustrating the locking mechanism when the shutter is in the same position with relation to the window-frame as in Fig.- 2. Fig. 4 shows the construction of the lower section of the upper hinge. Fig. 5 is a View of the lower hinge assembled. Fig. 6 is a section taken through the lower hinge. Fig. 7 is a detail perspective view of the pintle for the lower hinge. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of a modified construction. Fig. 9 is a sectional view through the same.

Like letters denote like and corresponding parts in each of the figures of the drawings.

A designates the shutter, and B the window-frame. The hinges C and D are of the type known as lock-hinges, having the inclined locking-faces F F, the hubs c c and d d, and the leaves E E, respectively.

The upper hinge C is constructed in two parts and has its pintle G formed integral with the lower hub c, on which pintle at or near its top is formed a stud or projection g. The hub c has a groove J formed in its eye K, so that the parts of this hinge can only be assembledor removed when the stud 9 comes into alinement with the groove J. The hub 0 will then slip over the pintle Gr beyond the stud g and swing or revolve on said pintle, While the stud 9 will serve to retain the hub on the pintle.

The lower hinge D is constructed in three parts, having the two hubs cl d and the removable pintle H. For economy the hub d and leaf of the lower hinge are constructed substantially the same as the hub and leaf of the upper hinge, having the groove L formed in its eye K, thus obviating the necessity of casting a specially-constructed section for the .lower hinge. The hub'd of the upper section is similar in construction to hub d, with the exception that the groove M is cut through a different part of the eye, so that in assembling the lower hinge the positions of the blind must be different with relation to the win dowframe B from that it occupied when the upper hinge was adjusted.

I prefer to form the groove L in the eye of the lower hub (Z', so that it will be out of alincment with the groove M in the eye of the upper hub (Z when the hinge is in its open or closed position and to have the grooves so arranged that they will come into alinement at a point between said open or closed position of the hinge, and yet not in a position to have the stud g of the upper hinge in alinement with the groove J.

The pintle [I is removable and is provided with the spline or stud N, extending from the flange or stop-collar 7L near its upper end for a suitable distance on the pintle, preferably about the depth of the hub (Z, while near the lower end of this pintle is provided the projection or stud 7L. The spline or stud N takes into the groove M of the hub (Z and causes the pintle H to revolve or turn with said hub (Z in the eye of the hub (Z when the shutter is turned, the stud h working under the hub (Z and serving to lock the parts together.

The pintle G of the hinge O is of sufficient length to permit it to extend through the hub and project suffieiently above the same to receive the stud g, as shown. If it is desired to protect the upper end of this pintle, preventing the same from rust or breakage, the hub c is cast with a cap made integral with the same, having a socket for the reception of the upper end of the pintle and a circumferential groove to receive the stud g and permit the same to turn therein. This cap is preferably east in the form of the head of the pintle II, so that both the upper and lower hinges will present substantially the same appearance when in use.

The operation is as follows: The leaves of the hinges having been applied to the shutter and window-frame, to hang the shutter it is first necessary to place the hub c of the upper hinge C over the pintle G and then turn the shutter until the stud 9 comes into alinement with the grooves J, when the hub will heallowed to fall to its proper position against the lower hub c. In the meantime the sections of the lower hinge D are adjusting themselves for the reception of the pintle H. This pintle is first started in the hub (Z of the upper section, passing its stud 7L into the groove M and allowing its extension to rest and turn in the lower hub (Z', serving as a support and guide. The shutter is then turned until the stud h comes into alinement with the groove L of the lower hub (Z, having both the grooves L and M of the hubs (Z and (Z in alinement, when the pintle is allowed to fall into position, the spline coming into engagement with the groove M of the upper hub. \Vhen the shutter is moved to this position, it will be understood that the stud g of the upper hinge has locked the hub c to its proper operative position with relation to the pintle G and hub 0, thereby preventing the same from becoming detached while adjusting the lower hinge. The pintle 11 having been inserted in the hubs (Z and (Z until its flange or stop-collar 7L rests upon the upper portion of the hub (Z, the shutter is then turned until the stud h is out of alinement with the groove of the hub (Z, which locks the lower hinge in operative position. The parts of both hinges G and D are now locked together, and the shutter cannot be removed until first its lower hinge is unfastened and then releasing it from the upper hinge.

It is well known that in trying to open or close shutters they will sometim es bind, when the operation may be facilitated by slightly raising the shutter to reduce its weight on the hinges, and in the ordinary construction of hinges now in use if the shutter is raised too much, which is often the case, it will fall off its hinges and is liable to cause injury, damage, or delay. In my construction slight play is provided to permit the hinge to be raised when the door or shutter is open; but

the studs 9 and h would prevent it from being removed from its hinges, and should the stud of one pintle happen to be in alinement with its groove, the grooves of the upper and lower hinges being out of alinement, the stud of the other pintle would prevent the shutter from being raised and removed from its hinges.

It will be noticed that to remove the shutter it is first necessary to remove the pintle from the lower hinge before the upper hinge can be detached. Thus the accidental removal of the shutter is impossible when both hinges are in operative engagement.

The use of these hinges is not limited to shutters, as they are equally useful on gates, doors, &e.

I am aware that changes and alterations in the form and proportion of parts and in the details of construction of the devices herein shown and described as the preferred embodiment of my invention may be made by a skilled mechanic without departing from the spirit or sacrificing the advantages thereof, and I therefore reserve the right to make such modifications as fairly fall within the scope of my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination with a shutter or door and frame, of the upper hinge, comprising a fixed pintle, a groove in its upper hub and a locking-stud on said pintle, and the lower hinge, having grooves in the upper and lower hubs, a removable pintle having a lockingstud and spline formed thereon, the grooves of the upper and lower hinges being arranged out of alinement, one with the other, whereby the upper and lower hinges cannot be assembled or disconnected at the same time, as and for the purposes described.

2. The combination with a shutter or door and frame, of the upper hinge comprising a fixed pintle, a locking-stud on said pintle adapted to pass through a groove in the hub and ride on the upper surface of said hub, the lower hinge comprising a removable pintle, the hubs of said hinge having grooves formed in the eyes thereof, locking means on said pintle, the locking means and grooves of the lower hinge being out of alinement with those of the upper hinge, whereby the hinges are adapted to be separately assembled in hanging the shutter, the upper hinge serving as a support for the shutter While the lower hinge is adjusted, substantially as and for the purposes described.

8. In a hinge, the combination, with the leaves and hubs thereof, of a removable pintle having a spline or stud on the upperportion thereof engaging with a groove in the upper hub, thereby causing said pintle to turn with said upper hub, a stud near the lower end of said pintle adapted to pass through a groove in the lower hub and interlock therewith by turning the shutter, and a collar or stop on said pintle, substantially as described.

4. The combination with a shutter or door and frame, of the upper'hinge havinga fixed pintle, and the lower hinge having a removable pintle, means for separately looking or unlocking the upper and lower hinges when the shutter or door is swung to different angles from the face of the supporting-frame, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES W. NEAL.

Witnesses:

W. P. DUPUY, J. O. RAWN.

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