US623697A - Signors to the farbwerke - Google Patents

Description

TATES NTTE ATENT Prion.

MAX BEOKE AND ALBERT BEIL, OF HGOHST-ON-THE-MAIN, GERMANY, AS-

SIGNORS TO THE FARBWERKE, VORMALS MEISTER, LUCIUS & BRUNING,

OF SAME PLACE.

PROCESS OF DYEING UNIONS.

SPECIFICATION forming art of Letters Patent No. 623,697, dated April 25, 1899.

Application filed August 5, 1897.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, MAX BEOKE, chemist,

a citizen of the Empire of Austria-Hungary,

and ALBERT BEIL, chemist, a citizen of the Empire of Germany, residing at Hochst-onthe-Main, in the Empire of Germany, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Dyeing I'Ialf-WVool with Basic Azo Dyestuffs in an Acid-Bath, (for which Letters Patent were granted to us in France, No. 264,579, dated March 2, 1897, and in England,No.5,1l9,dated February 25, 1897,) of which the following is a specification.

The simultaneous working of wool and cotton is of great importance in the manufacture of spun and woven goods of all kinds. Dyers accordingly have endeavored to find suitable methods for the equal dyeing of those two fibersthatis to say, to improve the present system. These efforts, however, have not been thoroughly successful, thepresent methods being very deficient.

Two methods are now mostly employed in dyeing half-wool. The one consists in first dyeing the wool with acid dyestuffs in an acidbath; secondly, in mordanting the cotton in cold baths containing tannin; thirdly, in fixing the absorbed tannin by passing the material through fixing-baths, (mostly antimonial or ferruginous,) and, finally, in dyeing the cotton thus previously mordanted with basic dyestuffs in a fourth bath to the desired shade. This method is cumbersome and uncertain on account of its many operations and the difficulty of producing in two dye fluids the shade desired on wool and cotton.

When the coal-tar industry put on the market the tetrazo dyestuffs derived from paradiamins, the second important method for dyeinghalf-wool was found and applied. The said diamine dyestuffs possess, as in known, the property of dyeing wool as well as cotton in neutral or weak alkaline baths.

By a proper choice of dyestuffs, an appropriate regulation of the temperature when dyeing, and the addition of quantities'of more or less alkaline salts itis possible to produce Serial No. 647,220. (Specimens) the most Varied shades on half-wool in a single bath. This method is popular on account of its simplicity; but it has one great drawbacknamely, that the quality of the goods suffers enormously, as the fiber of the wool boiled in neutral or mostly alkaline baths loses its most valuable properties. This disadvantage is so great that in the case of many articles, and after vain efforts with this singlebath method, half-wool dyers have returned to the old and more troublesome system.

We have succeeded in finding a method for dyeing half-wool combining the advantages of the single-bath method with the complete preservation of the properties of the valuable wool material, thus proving to be an essential technical progress in the half-wool industry. We have found that such strongly-basic disazo dyestufis resulting from the linking .of at least three aromatic residues and containing as a component an aromatic ammonium base or amidobenzylamin or their derivatives, as also basic safranin azo dyestuffs, are easily fixed on half-wool in an acid-bath, preferably in a sulfuric-acid bath, dyeing cotton and wool equally. The simple azo dyestuffs produced from an aromatic ammonium base or amidobenzylamin or their derivatives do not possess this property,

t which is first obtained by the joining of a second residue combined with an azo group, yet the strongly-basic character of the dyestuif must be retained, as the presence of acid groups reduces the affinity of the fiber and sulfo groups, mostly neutralizing the same.

The following dyestuffs have been found suitable for the above purpose: first, the disazo dyestuffs having as first component an ammonium base (trialkyl meta and paraamidophenylammonium, para-methyl-orthoamidophenyl-trialkylammonium, trialkyl-orthoand para -amidobenzylammonium or dialkyl-orthoand para-amidobenzylamin) and as component in middle position alpha-naphthylamin, para-Xylidin, symmetrical meta- Xylidin, meta toluidin, meta chloranilin ortho-chloro-meta-toluidin, ortho-anisidin,'

ortho-amido-para-cresolmethylether, alphaamido-beta naphthOlether, and as component in final position dimethyl and diethyl-metaamido phenol, phenyleneand toluylene-diamin, chrysoidin, resorcinol, beta-naphthol phenyl and tolyl-beta-naththylamin amidonaphthols,pyrazolones, besides, second, those Secondary basic disazo dyestuffs which are obtained by the action of one molecule each of two different diazo compounds (of which one must he the diazo compound of an ammonium base or of a diallq 'lbenzylamin, while the other, for instance, may be acetyl-para-phenylenediamin, metaand para-nitranilin, alphanaphthylamin,anilin,&c.) to one molecule of double combining phenols, amido phenols, or diamin-such as resorcinol, dialkyl-metaamidophenol, ineta-phenylenediamin; third, these disazo dyestuffs obtained by the action of the diazo compound of an amidoazo body upon 2.7 oxynapththalin trialkylammonium; fourth, the basic safraninazo dyestuffs obtai ned by the action of diazosafranins or diazoalkylsafranins upon phenols, amidophenols, naphthols, dioxynaphthalenes, amidonaphthols, amidonaphthol ethers, amins, or diamins.

For the dyeing of half-wool the bath is filled with two per cent. of sulfuric acid relatively to the weight of the goods, with the carefullyprepared solution of the above-mentioned dyestuff in the quantitysuital'ile to the required shade, as well as with five to twenty per cent. of Glaubers salt. The previously cleaned and wetted material is introduced into the bath at 40 to 50 centigrade, which is then brought to boiling while being correspondingly worked, the boiling to continue for one hour. The material is slightly washed,in case of dark colors, with argillaceous or fullers earth and dressed in the usual manner.

Instead of sulfuric acid sodium bisulfate may be employed. If the wool is intended to be much lighter than the cotton, then the sulfuric acid is partly or wholly substituted by oxalic acid.

The attraction for wool is increased by additions of neutral salts, such as Glaubers and common salt.

Other acids, as hydrochloric or acetic acid, as well as acid salts, alum, or tartar, may be used, giving similar yet not quite so good results as sulfuric acid. The after-shading of wool and cotton may be done in the boiling bath with the said basic azo dyestufis and such other dyestuifs as do not give with the former any insoluble precipitates.

This-method permits a short, easy, and sure working, as well as the exact point of the intended shades. The boiling in an acid-bath preserves the natural feel, gloss, and solidity of the wool and improves thereby the halfwool material to be dyed.

[ nium meta-toluidin betanaphthol.

grams halt-wool red M. T

J Dyesttiliif Ifrorri trimethyl-mctai ami op ieny ammonium ant 100 gr ams half-u ool yellow A m a nitrobeuzene Moresop 40 grams half-W001 green B 1 franin and dimethylanilin.

400 grams sulfuric acid at 66 Baumc.

The previously dressed and wetted material is introduced at 50 centigrade, brought to boil within one-half hour, and kept at this temperature for a further one half hour. Then the steam is stopped and the dyeing is continued till all the cotton, as is required with these goods, takes a darker hue than the wool. Thereupon the pieces are taken out, washed, slung, slightly dressed with gelatin, dried, and pressed.

II. Gray aponntne kilos, equaling one piece forty-fire meters, half-wool zanella. 'lhe bath is prepared with:

J 35331? ti'fillilltilllttlflfi 45 grams half-wool yellow A m moregop I Dy gl tff from trimcthyl-mcta 27 grams half-wool red M. T. 313:

t 10 50 grams half-wool green B J, 9 grams halfqvool blue 1i Dyestuff from diazo -safraninbcta-naphthol. 900 grams Glaubers salt 180 grams sulfuric acid l.

Dyestuff from trimethyl-n1ctaamidophenylammonium alpha naph t 11 y la min a n d chrysoidin.

j Dyestuif from diazodicthyl-sa- 4 franin and dimcthylaniliu.

Dyestuff from trimethyl-metaamidophe 11 yl am mon i u mmetwtoluidin and beta-naphthol.

{Dyestuf'f from trimethyl-meta 215 grams halfwool brown A.

67 grams half-wool green B 20 grams half-wool red M. T.

amidophenyl ammonium and meta nitrobenzcne azorcsorcinol.

Dyestuif from diazo safranin beta-uaphthol.

13 grams half-wool yellow A.

9 grams halflwool blue R...

900 grams Glaubers salt 180 grains sulfuric acid The previously-dressed material is introduced at 50 centigrade, brought to centigradc 'within one-half hour, and kept at this temperature till the cotton is suiiiciently dyed, completing this dyeing process by a further one-half hours boil.

IV. Copper color upon fifty kilos V igognc yarn, (fifty per cent. wool, fifty per cent. cotfon.)-The bath is prepared with:

[Azo dyestugf fi'om 1trimethylmeta-aini op ieny ammoni- 1.2110 lulos halt-w 001 hi ounR. L um meta toluidim and oidin. 5 kilos Glaubers salt 1 kilo sulfuric acid of 66 Baum.

The previously Well-Washed yarn is introduced at 50 cent-rigrade,brought to boil Within one-half hour, and dyed for three-quarters of an hour while being Well Worked.

Having thus described our invention, We claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent-