US62322A - dwell - Google Patents

Description

'3 Sheets-T-Sheet 1.

L, H. DWELLEY. MACHINE FOR MAKING :aonsn'snos NAILS.

No. 62,322. Patented Feb, 26, 1867.

xf wda 3 Sheets--Sheet 2.

"L. H. DWBLLEY. MACHINE FOR. MAKING HORSESHOB NAILS.

No. 62,322. Patented Feb. 26, 1867.

' 3 Sheet-Sheet L. H. DWELLEY.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HQRSBSHOB NAILS.

No. 52,322. Pat nted Feb; 26, 1867.

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IMPROVEMENT DIMACHINESFOR MAKING HORSE-SHOE NAILS sesame refiner trim 'flgese fitters 33mm an? mating mm tin; same TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONOERNz Be it known that I, LUCIUS H. DwnLLEL'of Dorchcster, in the county of Norfolk, and State of Mn ssaechusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Making Horse-Shoe and 'othcr Wrought Nails, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which-- Figure 1 is a perspective riew of iny improved machine. p

Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical section through the same inn plane passing through the centre of the 'side hammers, looking in the direction of the arrow 16.

Figure 3 is a plan of the under side of the .machine.

Figure 4: is a transverse vertical section through the machine,-in the direction of the line a: a: of figs. 2 and 3,, looking in the direction of the arrows 17, the side hammers being open.

Figure 5, detail to be rcferredtm I Figure 6 is a view of a horse-shoe nail, In some classes of wrought-nail machines, where the nail is formed in .part by revolving friction-rolls .of

small diameter, it is liable to be elongated to a greater extent than is intended for the amountofstock fed in,

thereby producing an imperfectly pointed nail. To remedy this difliculty is the object of my present invention,

which consists in forming the .nail on two sides by means of a revolving disk furnished withrolls of a. gradually increasing diameter, in connection with a vibrating fornierf while thealternate sides are formed by means of spring hammers, the end of the blank being cut ofi' in case it should be elongated sulficiently to entend beyond a predetermined point, by suitable cutters, afterwhich t-hna'il isfinished, and'then'separatedzfrcm the rod by other cutters, thus enabling me to produce a. perfectly pointed nail, of the exact length required, for the amount of stock fed into the machine. 7

To enable others skilled in the art to understand and use mv invention, I will proceed to describe the manner in which I have carried itou't.

In the said drawings, A is the framework of the machine, in suitable bearings a, rising from which runs the driving-shaft B, which carries at one end the driving-pulley C, and at the opposite end the fly-wheel D. E is a disk, of the form seen in the drawings, which is also secured to the driving-shaft B, and carries a series of rolls, b c d, of a gradually-increasing diameter, and placed at gradually-increasing distances from'thecentre of the driving-shaft, around which they are carried, for the purpose of gradually reducing the nail, and thereby preventing the grain of the iron from being injured,as will bemore fully described hereafter. F is a. vibrating former,'pivotd to the fram'ework on a shaft, f, and against thefront face g of which the nail rod is bent downand drawn out by the rollsbc, d, as the disk E revolves, as seen in fig. 5. I willnow describe the manner in-which the face g of this former F is advanced and carried back at the required intervals to allow the alternate sides of the nail to be operated upon by the side hammers G, as will be more particularly describedhereafter. H is a gear on the driving-shaft B, which gives motion, through the intermediate wheel I, to a gear, 'J, onv the shaft K, which runs in bearings h, projecting from the side of the framework. This shaft Kcarries at its inner end the cam-wheel L, on the periphery of which are five projections, 1' j k' l m, of the form seen in fig. 4, and, with the exception of 121, formed with their faces at equal distances from the centre, around which they are carried. The lower'extremity of the former.F is bifurcated, and carries a friction-roll, n, which is held constantly in contact with the periphery of the cam-wheel L by means of a spiral spring, 0, one end of which is attached to the framework. It will thus be seen that, as the wheel L is revolved, the projectidns on its face will strike successively against the roll 11., and vibrate the former F into the required position, to act as a support for the nail while being operated upon by the rolls on the disk E, (the face of the former" forming one side of the nail;) and these vibrations of the former takeplace just previous to the arrival of each of the rolls 5 c d opposite to its face 9. As scenes the projections on the wheel L passfrom under the roll n, the former F is carried back a. short distance by 'the spring 0, so as to allow the side ham'mers G to operate on the alternate sidesof the nail. These hammers are 'of the form seen in figs. 1 and 2, and are attached to the horizontal shafts p, which have their bearings-in. the framework and from these shafts project the tappets g, which areopcrated by the cams M on the driving-shaft B. These cams have three beats," and are of such a form (as shown in figs. 1 and 2) as to hold the side hammers open while the finished nail is being cut 05', and 3'.

cam 2 fresh portion of.thc rod fedin and-operated upon by the roll Ii, as will be more fully described hereafter. hammers G, when released, are thrown towards each other by means of the straps 1', of leather, or other suitable material, which are secured to the shafts p at 8, their lower ends being broughttogethor and secured to :in arm N, which is pivoted to o stud, t, projecting from the inside of the framework and this urn: N is drawn down by a spring, u, attached to stud, 21, also projecting from the inside of the framework. The Force of the spring u is thus transmitted e1 :lly, through the arm N and straps r, to the shaft-s I, thus causing both hammers to strike evenly at the some instantl In thc'faco of each of-ihe hammers G is formed a groove, 7, of a. form corresponding to one side of the shank of a finished nail, the head being formed in-the groove 8, which is made by cutting away theupper edge of the hammers so as to leave a space corresponding to the width of the head of the nsil; and the upper-edge 9 of the *former" F is cut away. so as to form the inclined side 10 of the head of the nail, fig. 6. The nail is thus operated 'upon alternately on opposite sides, first by one ofthe rolls on the disk E, in connection with the former F, and afterwards by the spring hammers ,21, nail being formed at each revolution of the disk E. The nail rod 11 is fed into the machine through irtub'eor conductor, 0, the outer end of which is attached to a vertical shaft, to, which passes through a hollow post, 1, supported on arms Q, projecting from the framework, and carries at its lower end an arm, a, which is vibrated against the resistonce of the spring 6' by means of the lugs or projections u d on the side of the wheel L as it revolves; and .the conductor 0, with the nail rod, is thus vibrated to one side at the required intervals, for a purpose which --will-bedescribed,hereafter. I will now describe the manner in which the end of the blank is out ch previous to the nail being completed,- in case it should run to length," or be elongated to a greater extent than is intended for the amount of stock fed into the machine. dis a cutter, which is secured to the side of the former F, and operates in connection witha cutter, f, secured to the upper extremity of a lever, B, which is pivoted on the some shaft as the former" F. The lower end of the lever B is bent, and carries a roll, g, which is struck by a. projection, h, on the wheel L, and thelever R is thus vibrated against the resistance of a spiral spring, i,

by which means the cutter f is carried forward as required. y" is a stop, ego-inst which the end of the lever It strikes, which thus prevents the bent portion 12 from striking against the wheel L. The nail rod is carried to none-side over the cutter c by the conductor O'cfter the blank has been operated upon by the rolls b and a, and

by the side hammers; and any portion which extends below the lower edgeof the cutter e is cut off by the Jcutters e" and f which ore operated at the required time, as ex pluined, (the cutter 0' thus acting as a. gauge'to determine the exact amount of stock required for the nail'just previous to its being completed,) after which the null rod is carried back byfthe conductor 0, and the nail is finished by-the roll 11 and side hammers G, The cutters ef may be made udjustable in accordance with the size of the nail to be made, or the stage at which the end of the blank is to be cut foii' The finished 'nail'is cut 03', and the rod fed forward sufliciently for to -'form the next nail, in the fo'llowingmanner: k is a. knife-edged cutter, which is secured to the side of the fo'rmer, and operates in connection with a. square-edged cutter, I, placed opposite; andthe nai'lrod is vibrated to one sidc,'to. bring it into a line with these cutters, by thecon .luctor O, which is'moved at the required moment by the lug'or projection cl-on the wheel L. The former" F, and with it the cutter k, are now 'moved orward by theprojection m on the wheel L stri-kingthe roll 12, the projection m being,' of such Ia height :is'to rdise the end of the former F suifi ciently to cause the cutter k to strike thenail rod on the bent portion 13,(fig 5 and carry iti'orward into contact with the cutter I end thus sever the finished ll flllfl'bll l the rod, which then falls down into a receptacle beneuth, placed to receive itl The moment the cutter it strikes the rod on the portion '13 it commences to draw it forward through the conductor 0, until it is arrestedby striking the cutter'l, the distance which it is thus carried fol-word leaving a. sufficient amount of the rod projecting over the edge 9 of the .fo rmer F on its return to. form the next nail, as seen'in figs. 1 and 1. The. bent portion of the rod, against "which the cutter is" strikes, and by which the rod isdrawn forward, thus serves as a, handle, end avoids all necessity of employing nipprs, dogs,'or other devices to grasp the rod when it is to be fed in, As soon as the nail is catch the projection c Z passes off the endof the orm a, which is then retracted byt-hc spring b, which causes the conductor 0, and with it the nail rod 11, 'to be carried back to their original position, the projection m, at the same time, passing from under the roll 12, zind allowing the spring a to draw back the former F into the position seen in fig. It will thus b'e'seen that the cutter is, in. addition to cutting oif the nail, also feeds in the rod for the next nail, thus making 'themochine self-feeding, nnd economizinglubor. The cutter l'--is attached to irpost, S, projecting up from th e'frninework'hy meuns of a slot, 14 and nut m, by which means it can bemoved further forwarder back, by turning a. screw, 15, which passes through the cutterinto the end of the post S, so as to allow more or less stock to be fed into the moo-hinges may be desired, the cutter is feeding 'iii the rod untilit is arrested by contact with the, cutter l; and therefore the greater the distance back of this cutter l the greater the length of rod drawn into the machine for the next mail by the forward movement of the former F, and vice versa, the cutter Z thusuctifig as ti. gauge to measure the exact length required for the next neil; By hos drawing the soil rod into the machine instead of pushing. it in against a-gmgo, as heretofore, all liitbilit is avoided of bending or crippling the rod, and thus varying the u-mo'unt'of stock fed in, an event of frequent occurrence in nail machines as, ordinerily constructed. The numbcr of rolls omthe disk-E may bevaried, if desired, the movements of the side hummer-s, former, and cutters being made to'correspond totbe number of rolls employed; and if'the number of rolls on' the disk is increased, the end of the blank may be cilt'oifat such a' time as to allow the blank .to be operated upon afterwards by two or more of the rolls,=a.nd a corresponding number oftimes by the side hammers. When it is desircdto elongate the nail more gradually,

the disk E is furnished with agreater number of rolls of olargeifdiiimeter; and thus, as the number of blows of the side hammers correspond to the number of rolls on the disk,-;t-h'e nail will be o'peru'ted upon egreatr number of times by the side hammers to form its point. It is evident thotthis machine may be employed to advantage for forging other articles besides nails; I do not'therefore limit myself to itsule'for-this purpose alone,

Operation. p

The parts being in the positionrcpresented in figs. 1-and 4, and the machine being set in operation, the nail rod, properly heated, is fed in through the conductor 0 until a suflicient amount to form a nail is projected over the edge 9 of the former" F. The roll 6 on' the disk E new strikes the end of the rod, bending it down as seen in fig. 5, and pressingit against the face 9 of the "former" F, (which is slightly curved, as seen in figs 4 and 5,) by which means the blank is drawn down slightly. Thc'projection i on the wheel I: nowpasses from under the roll 12 which allows the spring 0 to draw back the former" F, and clear its face g from the bent portion of the nail rod, which is thus left free to be operated upon by the side hammers G, which are then thrown forward by the spring at. These hammers,- with their grooves 7 and 8,' scrve to draw down .the nail to a. point,

and form it on two of its sides. The cams M on the driving-shaft B now commence to depress'the tappets'q,

and draw back the hammers G, when the projection j-on the wheel L passes under-the roll 1i, raising it, and moving forward the former F as before. The roll a (which is of a greater diameter, and set further out from the centre around which it is carried, than the roll 6) now strikesthc nail, and draws it out still further, the roll a, on account of its greater diameter, tending to increase the width rathcr'than' the length of the nail in'a greater measure than the small roll I), this tendency increasing with the diameter of theroll. The .fornier F is now drawn back as before, and the operation of the 'side hammers is repeated. The side hammersare now drawn back, the projection 0' on the wheel L at the same time striking the end of the arm a, and vibrating the conductor 0, which carries the nail rod to one side over the cutter e. The projection 11 new strikes the roll n, and the former F commences, to. move forward; and at thesame time the projection It strikes the roll 9. on

the end of the lever B, whichcauses the cutter f to move forward to meet the cutter e, and thus sever any,

portion of the blank which may extend below the lower edge'of the cutter 0', thus cutting ofl" any "excess of length, and preventing the nail from being made of a greater length than is intended for the amount of stockfed in. The projection a now passes oil the end of the arm a, and the conductor 0, with the nail rod,is returned to its original position by means of the spring 6. a At the same time the projectiouh passes oil from the rollg, and the lever B and cutter f are drawn back by means vof the spring i, while the former F is drawn back by the spring 0,'to clear its, face from the nail, which is. new operated upon-by the side hammers 'G. The' former F is new carried forward again by the projection Z, and the roll d, of a still greater diameter than the roll 0, finishes the nail and gives it the required form, the space between the roll 01 and the face of the for-mar" F being of a width corresponding to the thickness of a finished nail. The former" F is now drawn-back by the spring 0,so as to clear the nail, and the projection d" then strikes the arm a, and vibrates the conductor 0 and nail rod toone side, into a line with the cutters k l. The projection m on the wheel-L now strikes the roll 1:, and rocks the former F, causing thecutter It tostrike the nail rod .on the hent portion 13, and carry it forwardun'til it strikes against the square-edged cutter Z, by which it is severed, and the feeding forward of the rod arrested. The height of the projection m on the whgelih is; s ncl 1 a s Marge the fornier" F and cutter is to'be earmnirtm insisting rtffii'fiifina'tmev z' and'sever the nail, when the cutterl' is adjusted at its greatest distance from the cutter k. This forward movement of the cutter it thus draws the nail rod forward a distance equal to the exact length required to form the next nail. The projection 'n rnow clears the roll at, allowing the spring 0 to draw back the former F; and at the same instant the p.ojection passes, oil the end of the arm a, which is then retract-ed'by the spring b, carryingwith it the conductor 0 and nail rod into their original position, the portion of the nail rod which was drawn in by the forward movement of the cutter is being left projecting over the edge 9, when it is struck by the" roll 6 as the disk E revolves, and the operation continues as before, the nail being drawn down alternately on opposite sides, first by one of the rolls on the disk E, in connection with the former F, and afterwards by the side hammers G; and by thus reducing it gradually all liability of injuring the 9 grain 'of the iron is avoided.

7 Claims. What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isb j 1. The combination of the rolls upon the disk E with the former F and hammers G, when so combined and arranged that the blows of the hammers are given between the action of the separate rolls upon the article being wronght,substantially as described.

2. I also claim cutting off a portionof the blank, previous to the nail being finish'ed,tby means of the cutters described, and for the purpose set forth. a V

. I also claim the combination of the cams M, hammers G, and cutters k l',whou suchcams are so formed 5 as to hold the hammers apart and out of action when the cutters sever the nail from the rod.

i 4. I also claim vibrating the conductor 0 by means of the arm with its spring 6'.- operated by the projections c" d on the wheel L, substantially as described.

4 LUOIUS H. DWELLEY. Witnesses: i

P. E. Tnscnnmcnnn, N. W. Srnsnns.

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