US621091A - Floor - Google Patents

Description

No. 621,091. Patented Mar. I4, |899. P. H. JACKSON.. FLUOR, SIDEWALK VAULT RUOFJJR LIKE STRUCTURE.

(Application led Dec. 19, 189B.)

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(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES I PATENT EEICE.

PETER II. JACKSON, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.'

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 621,091, dated March 14, 1899.

Application led December 19, 1898. Serial No. 699,651. (No model.)

cityand county of San Francisco, State of California, have invented an Improvement in Floors, Sidewalk-Vault Roofs, or Like Struc tures; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same. My invention relates to improvements in the construction of artificial-stone or concrete iioors, roofs, combined sidewalks and roofs of vaults, bridges, and the like.

It consists in an arrangement and combination of parts whereby increased tensile and compressive strength is Obtained and in means for regulating the tension and compensating for any shrinkage or relaxation which may occur after the parts are in place.

It also comprises details of construction which will be more fully explained by reference to the accompanying drawings, in wl1ich- Figure 1 is a sectional view showing the form of my construction on line y y of Fig. 5. Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the same. Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing a modification in the manner of clamping the tie-strips. Fig. at is a detail view of the clamping device. Fig. 5 is a view at right angles to Fig. 4.

The principal support of my licor and the like consists of parallel I-beams a, which are supported by the walls or frames of the building. Transversely to these I-beams extend bent metal tie-strips b, which are usually fixed at a distance of about six or seven feet, and upon these strips is built a bodyof concrete c, the whole forming a cross-beam or filling extending between the I-beams and serving as a surface for a Hoor above and extending downward in the central portion to approximately the depth of the beams a, so that if the space or chamber below is to have a ceiling the latter may be fixed beneath the structure herein described. The body of concrete extends between the webs ofthe beams c and they act as abutments to the abutting ends of concrete and resist the horizontal thrust. Theconcrete portion to be of proper strength should be as rigid as possible against compression and proportionate as the liat tiestrips are resistant against tension, thus making the resistance of the two about equal against strains which will produce rupture.

yUpon the concrete beams or surfaces thus formed a floor r extends, this floor being pret'- erably composed of corrugated iron or steel bottoms m, formed with retaining-channels and adapted to receive a superposed thickness of artificial stoneor concrete, or both, as shown at r.

- In order to equalize the compressive strain upon the body of concrete above and the tensile strain upon the tie-strip beneath, I preferl to attach the ends of the strips at points about the middle of the depth of the beams d, the strips being bent essentially lin a curve from their points of attachment. By thus attaching the strips I have a large body in crossseclion Yof the concrete to abut against the web of the beam to resist compressive force and to balance the tensile force exerted by the pulling tie-strips.

In all cases where it is possible I make the attachment of the strips as here stated; but if the span between the beams a is great and the beams are not of proportionate depth to the span, so that the curvature of the strips would carry them below the bottom of the beam or too low for a proper ceiling in the apartment beneath,the ends of the strips may be att-ached somewhat higher up, in which case an iron or steel bar or bars, rods, or rails or equivalent strengthening devices S will be embedded in the concrete body. These elnbeddedV bars would preferably have roughened surfaces or with cross proj ections,which when embedded in the concrete body will largely/increase its strength in resisting compression. Worn-out railway-rails or other forms of bars may be employed in this manner.

A special feature of my invention is the means for taking up any slack or such shrinkage as may occur in the concrete after it becomes set, and this consists of metal supporting plates or clamps g, which engage the tiestrips and rest upon the lower flanges of the beams a, inclining away from the webs of the beams. Through these clamps and through the webs of the beams ct holes are made, and the bolts I-I extend through the two, each of said bolts having a head on one end and the other end screw-threaded and adapted to re- ICO ceive a nut, which can be screwed upon it. The ends of the ties b are bent downward, so as to interlock with and lie against the inner faces of the clamps g, and after the concrete structure has been completed and set if any shrinkage occurs or any lack of proper solidity in the whole structure it may be taken up by screwing up the nuts upon the bolts, so as to increase the tension upon the strips b, and the whole is clamped rmly against the webs of the beams a.

In some cases in place of the clamps and the screw bolts and nuts the ends of the tiestrips may have welded across them or otherwise formed upon them an enlargement h', and the web of the beam may be slotted to allow this enlarged end to pass through it, as in Fig. 3. A wedging-key ois then driven in between the enlargement and the web of the beam, thus tightening the tie-strip to any degree of tension.

The beams a at the side of well-holes, elevator, stair, and other openings will have tiestrips b only on one side; but all intermediate beams will have the strips upon opposite sides, as shown in Fig. l, and the clamps gwill be disposed upon each side ot' the webs ot the beams a, and as the adjacent ends of the strips b are bent over and connected with these clamps upon opposite sides of the web of the beam the bolt or bolts h passing through them serve to draw upon the strips upon opposite sides of the beam, and each serves to resist the tension upon the other and to relieve the beam of the side strain.

Y Various modilications maybe made of this construction without materially departing from the essential features of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a floor, roof, sidewalk, or like construction, and in combination, parallel I- beams, bent strips of metal extending transversely between the beams and having the ends fastened with relation to the webs of the beams at points intermediate between the upper and lower lianges of the beams, concrete ribs supported upon said strips with the ends abutting against the webs of the beams and an upper iioor-surface upon the same.

2. In a floor, roof, sidewalk, or like construction, and in combination, parallel I- beams, bent strips of metal extending between said beams, eoncrete ribs supported upon the stri ps, with means for attaching and regulating the tension of said strips consisting of clamps with which the ends of the ties engage, and means for increasing the tension thereon.

3. In a floor, roof, sidewalk, or like coustruction, parallel I-beams, intermediate ribs formed of a body of concrete, and bent strips of metal upon which the lower part of said concrete ribs rest with the `ends abutting against the webs of the beams, means for connecting the strips and regulating the tension thereon, consisting of plates or clamps with which the ends of the strips are ,interlocked, said plates having their lower edges supported upon the lower flanges of the beams, bolts extending through the clamps and the webs, and nuts whereby the clamps may be drawn toward the webs and the tension upon the tie-strips increased.

4. In a floor, roof, sidewalk, or like construction, parallel I-beams, bent strips of metal extending between the webs of said beams, with means for adjusting the tension thereof, a body of concrete forming ribs supported upon the bent strips extending between the webs of the beams and abutting against them and corrugated or roughened bars, rods, or rails of metal embedded in the body of concrete.

5. A iioor, root', sidewalk or equivalent structure consisting of parallel I-beams, bent strips of metal extending between the webs of said beams intermediate between the top and bottom flanges, clamps to which said strips are connected, and means for increasing the tension of said strips, a body of concrete resting upon said strips extending between the webs of the beams above the strips forming a connectingrib with roughened bars, rods, or rails .embedded in the concrete body, and a Hoor resting upon said concrete body consisting of a corrugated metal bottom having a superposed thickness of concrete or artificial stone.

6. A floor, roof, sidewalk or like construction consisting. of parallel I-beams, strips of metal extending between said beams at intervals and having a downward curvature in the interval between said beams, concrete ribs having the ends abutting against the webs of the beams, and the lower surfaces supported upon the metal strips and devices connecting with the ends of the metal strips whereby the tension upon said strips may be regulated.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

PETER II. JACKSON.

Witnesses:

S. H. NoURsE, Jnssin C. BRoDIE.

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