US618104A - Process of desulfurizing and dephosphorizing coal or ores - Google Patents
Process of desulfurizing and dephosphorizing coal or ores Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US618104A US618104A US618104DA US618104A US 618104 A US618104 A US 618104A US 618104D A US618104D A US 618104DA US 618104 A US618104 A US 618104A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- steam
- ores
- charge
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 44
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 38
- 230000003009 desulfurizing Effects 0.000 title description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 28
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 24
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Natural products CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical group [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910052698 phosphorus Chemical group 0.000 description 20
- 239000011574 phosphorus Chemical group 0.000 description 20
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- -1 sulfur or phosphorus Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229920002456 HOTAIR Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010022000 Influenza Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241001446467 Mama Species 0.000 description 2
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002939 deleterious Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019988 mead Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000979 retarding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
- C22B1/10—Roasting processes in fluidised form
Definitions
- the coal or ore to be treated is charged into a suitable oven or retort and sufficient heat applied to cause the liberation of the volatile elements.
- one or more jets of steam (preferably superheated) or hot air carrying a comparatively small percentage of a vaporized acid solvent of sulfur or phosphorus is discharged into the body of coal or ore preferably in such a manner as to necessarily pass through the whole body of the same.
- the sulfur and phosphorus liberated by the combined action of the heat and the acid solvent vapor, together with the gases and volatile elements are carried out of the charge and the oven by the current of steam or air, which is of sufficient force for that purpose.
- the gases and other by-products may then be secured by means now wellknown and not necessary to be described.
- the acid solvent which I have commonly used with success and which I prefer on account of its effectiveness and low cost is acetic acid, and it may be successfully employed in the form of good commercial vinegar.
- the acid is preferably fed into the steam or air pipes at a point sufficiently remote from the oven to allow of its Vaporizing and incorporating with the steam or air, or, in other words, becoming thoroughly and evenly mixed with and to a certain extent saturate the same.
- the action upon the charge of coal or ores is therefore uniform throughout the entire body.
- the superheating of the steam or air facilitates this equal distribution and at the same time prevents the cooling of the charge and the consequent retarding of the process.
- Figure l is a longitudinal section with parts broken away to show the construction
- Fig. 2 is a transverse section in line 2 2 of Fig. l.
- the coal or ore to be treated is placed in the retort A through the charging-openings a.
- the products of combustion from the furnace B pass up through the fiues C, which are arranged on either side of the retort, and are connected at their upper ends to the return-fines C', Fig. 1, the lower ends of which communicate with the flues D on each side of the retort.
- the superheating-pipes d which pipes are connected with the main steam or air pipe E, leading from the generator, (not showm) if steam be employed in the process, or from a suitable air-supply under pressure if air be employed.
- Suitable valves c and c2 are provided for the purpose of controlling communication between the main supply-pipe E and the superheating-pipes CZ and also between the latter and the pipes F.
- a suitable tank 0r receptacle G for containing a supply of acid is arranged to discharge its contents into the pipe E.
- a suitable valve g is so arranged as to control the iiow of the acid into the pipe E, which acid will be immediately vaporized and become mingled with the current of air or steam in said pipe and be carried forward therewith into the retort.
- the retort is provided with an outlet II, by which the gases may be carried to the hydraulic main I, which is of well-known construction. It is also provided with an outlet IOG y2 sienne J, provided with a valve u, through Which the steam or air, together With the liberated gases, may, if preferred, be permitted to escape through the pipe N, as hereinafter set forth.
- the retort Ahaving been charged with the coal or ore to be treated heat is applied, and as the temperature of the charge rises the hydrocarbon and lighter sulfur-gases which are liberated first escape from the retort, preferably by the outlet H into the hydraulicmain I.
- the valves o2, r3, and g are opened, the valve g' being opened only slightly to permit the acid in the tank G to pass slowly into the pipe E.
- the steam or air in the superheating-pipes on its Way to the pipe F will vaporize and carry along with it in a minute state of subdivision the acid which escapes from the tank G, thus saturating the air or steam, as stated.
- the steam or air thus charged with the acid solvent is forcibly discharged into the retort near the bottom of the charge through the nozzles f in the form of jets and is under sufcient pressure to cause the jets to quickly penetrate the charge and escape from the retort through the outlet H or the outlet J.
- the acid thus carried into the retort acts as a solvent for the sulfur and phosphorus contained in the charge, and the elements of the air or steam will combine partially with 4the sulfur or phosphorus, forming sulfu rous and phosphorous compounds, which will escape from the retort through the outlet H or J, the uncombined sulfur being mechanically carried out therewith by the current of air or steam.
- This treatment need not necessarily be continuous during the liberation of the volatile elements.
- the steam or air may be introduced for short periods at intervals; but it is better that the introduction of the steam or air be discontinued as soon as the charge is freed from its volatile elements, especially When coal is under treatmentin the manufacture of coke. In such case if the steam or air be introduced after the coal is coked the quality of the coke will be seriously impaired and reduced in quantity.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Description
Patented lan. 24 |899. J. W. KENEVEL. PRDGESS 0F DESULFURIZING AND DEPHOSPHDRIZING COAL 0R (JRE/S.
A nu. mama..
(Application led Aug. 7, 1897.)
(No Model.)
I E N 70H mf W WW A 17o/mers.
WITNESSES.'
' nu: nor-ws #Frias co. novo-urna., wAsmNc-mw, D. r.
ilNrTn STATES union.
PATENT `JEANNOT IV. KENEVEL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE KENEVEL- COKING-PROCESS COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.
PROCESS 0F DESULFURIZING AND DEPHOSPHORIZING COAL 0R ORES.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 618,104, dated January 24, 1899.
Application filed August 7, 1897. Serial No. 647,433. (No specimens.)
'o @ZZ whom) t may concern:
Be it known that I, JEANNOT W. KENEVEL, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of the city, county, and State of New York, have discovered certain new and useful Improvements in the Process of Desulfurizingand Dephosphorizing Coal or Ores, of which the following is a description.
The effect of the application of my im- 'proved process to sulfur and phosphorus bearing coals and ores is the elimination and removal of a larger percentage of those deleterious elements than has heretofore been possible and that in a simple, effective, and economical manner.
In carrying out my process the coal or ore to be treated is charged into a suitable oven or retort and sufficient heat applied to cause the liberation of the volatile elements. As those elements are liberated one or more jets of steam (preferably superheated) or hot air carrying a comparatively small percentage of a vaporized acid solvent of sulfur or phosphorus is discharged into the body of coal or ore preferably in such a manner as to necessarily pass through the whole body of the same. The sulfur and phosphorus liberated by the combined action of the heat and the acid solvent vapor, together with the gases and volatile elements, are carried out of the charge and the oven by the current of steam or air, which is of sufficient force for that purpose. The gases and other by-products may then be secured by means now wellknown and not necessary to be described.
The acid solvent which I have commonly used with success and which I prefer on account of its effectiveness and low cost is acetic acid, and it may be successfully employed in the form of good commercial vinegar. The acid is preferably fed into the steam or air pipes at a point sufficiently remote from the oven to allow of its Vaporizing and incorporating with the steam or air, or, in other words, becoming thoroughly and evenly mixed with and to a certain extent saturate the same. The action upon the charge of coal or ores is therefore uniform throughout the entire body. The superheating of the steam or air facilitates this equal distribution and at the same time prevents the cooling of the charge and the consequent retarding of the process.
For the purpose of clearly explaining my process I have shown one form of apparatus adapted for such use; but it will be understood that I do not limit myself to any particular form of apparatus.
In the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference-letters indicate like or corresponding parts, Figure l is a longitudinal section with parts broken away to show the construction, and Fig. 2 is a transverse section in line 2 2 of Fig. l.
The coal or ore to be treated is placed in the retort A through the charging-openings a. The products of combustion from the furnace B pass up through the fiues C, which are arranged on either side of the retort, and are connected at their upper ends to the return-fines C', Fig. 1, the lower ends of which communicate with the flues D on each side of the retort. In the Iiues D are placed the superheating-pipes d, which pipes are connected with the main steam or air pipe E, leading from the generator, (not showm) if steam be employed in the process, or from a suitable air-supply under pressure if air be employed.
Below and on eachside of the retort are arranged the pipes F, connecting with the superheating-pipes d, and provided with a series of nozzles f, through which the saturated air or steam is discharged into lthe retort, preferably near the bottom of the charge. Suitable valves c and c2 are provided for the purpose of controlling communication between the main supply-pipe E and the superheating-pipes CZ and also between the latter and the pipes F. A suitable tank 0r receptacle G for containing a supply of acid is arranged to discharge its contents into the pipe E. A suitable valve g is so arranged as to control the iiow of the acid into the pipe E, which acid will be immediately vaporized and become mingled with the current of air or steam in said pipe and be carried forward therewith into the retort.
The retort is provided with an outlet II, by which the gases may be carried to the hydraulic main I, which is of well-known construction. It is also provided with an outlet IOG y2 sienne J, provided with a valve u, through Which the steam or air, together With the liberated gases, may, if preferred, be permitted to escape through the pipe N, as hereinafter set forth.
Having thus briefly Vdescribed the form of apparatus which I preferably employ, I Will 'now proceed to give the steps constituting my improved process.
The retort Ahaving been charged with the coal or ore to be treated heat is applied, and as the temperature of the charge rises the hydrocarbon and lighter sulfur-gases which are liberated first escape from the retort, preferably by the outlet H into the hydraulicmain I. As the rising temperature approaches the point at which the denser sulfurgases begin to be liberated and preferably before the flaming-point is reached, the valves o2, r3, and g are opened, the valve g' being opened only slightly to permit the acid in the tank G to pass slowly into the pipe E. The steam or air in the superheating-pipes on its Way to the pipe F will vaporize and carry along with it in a minute state of subdivision the acid which escapes from the tank G, thus saturating the air or steam, as stated. The steam or air thus charged with the acid solvent is forcibly discharged into the retort near the bottom of the charge through the nozzles f in the form of jets and is under sufcient pressure to cause the jets to quickly penetrate the charge and escape from the retort through the outlet H or the outlet J. The acid thus carried into the retort acts as a solvent for the sulfur and phosphorus contained in the charge, and the elements of the air or steam will combine partially with 4the sulfur or phosphorus, forming sulfu rous and phosphorous compounds, which will escape from the retort through the outlet H or J, the uncombined sulfur being mechanically carried out therewith by the current of air or steam. This treatment need not necessarily be continuous during the liberation of the volatile elements. In some cases the steam or air may be introduced for short periods at intervals; but it is better that the introduction of the steam or air be discontinued as soon as the charge is freed from its volatile elements, especially When coal is under treatmentin the manufacture of coke. In such case if the steam or air be introduced after the coal is coked the quality of the coke will be seriously impaired and reduced in quantity.
The exact time at and during which the air or steam should be introduced will, Within the limits above stated, vary considerably with the refractoriness of the coal or ore under treatment; but these points will be readily determined by a skilled operator.
In the form of apparatus shown it Will be observed that the retort is closed and preliminarily heated externally. This form, though preferred, may be modified Without departing from the spirit of my invention. Hence I do not limit myself to such, the broad idea of my process consisting in liberating the volatile elements from the charge by means of heat and during this step subjecting the charge t the action of a hot gas containing oxygen, such as steam or hot air charged or saturated with an acid solvent of metalloids, such as sulfur or phosphorus.
I Wish it understood that the terms employed in this specification are intendedl to embrace steam, gaseous steam, or other hot gases.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
l. The herein-described process of desulfurizing and dephosphorizing coal or ores, which consists in subjecting the charge While in a heated condition and during the liberation of the volatile elements to the action of steam charged With an acid solvent of a metalloid such as sulfur or phosphorus, substantially as described.
2. The herein-described process of desulfurizing and dephosphorizin g coal or ores, which consists in subjecting the charge While in a heated condition and during the liberation of the volatile elements to the action of super-Y heated gas charged with an acid solvent of a metalloid such as sulfur or phosphorus, sub-4 stantially as described.
3. The herein-described process of desulfu r-' izing and dephosphorizin g coal or ores, which consists in forcing superheated gas charged with an acid solvent of a metalloid such as sulfur or phosphorusthrough the charge dur; ing the liberation of the volatile elements,` substantially as described.
at. The herein-described-process of desulfur# izing and dephosphoriz'ing coal or ores which consists in subjecting the charge while in a heated condition and during the liberation of the volatile elements to the action of a heated gas charged with acetic acid, substantially as described.
5. The herein-described process of desulfur= izing and dephosphorizing coal or ores which consists in forcing superheated steam charged with acetic acid through the charge of coal or ore during the liberation of the volatile elements, substantially as described.
6. The herein-described process of desulfurizing or dephosphorizing coal or ores, which consists in subjecting the charge While in a heated condition and during the liberation of the volatile elements, to the action of hot gas containing oxygen and charged with an acid solvent of metalloids such as sulfur or phosphorus, substantially as described.
7. The herein-described process of desulfuriz'ing or dephosphoriziug coal or ores, which consists in subjecting the charge while in a heated condition and during the liberation of the volatile elements, to the action of hot gas containing oxygen and charged With acetic acid, substantially as described.
Ice
io'S
IIS`
IZO
S. Theheren-doscribedprooessofdesulfurizng coal or ores which Consists in forcing 1o zng o1' dephosphorizing coal o11 ores, which superheated gas charged with an acid solvent consists in forcing superheated gas cont-aini of sulfur through the charge duringthelibela.- ing oxygen and Charged with an acid solvent tion of the Volatile elements, substantially as of metalloids, such as sulfur or phosphorus, described.
through the charge during the liberation of JEANNOT XV. KENEVEL. the volatile elements, substantially as de- W'tnesses: scribed. OHAs. A. MURPHEY,
9. Thehereindesoribed process of desu1fur= JOSIAH H. MEAD.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US618104A true US618104A (en) | 1899-01-24 |
Family
ID=2686713
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US618104D Expired - Lifetime US618104A (en) | Process of desulfurizing and dephosphorizing coal or ores |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US618104A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3960513A (en) * | 1974-03-29 | 1976-06-01 | Kennecott Copper Corporation | Method for removal of sulfur from coal |
| US4095955A (en) * | 1976-05-05 | 1978-06-20 | Battelle Development Corporation | Fuel separation process |
| US4705530A (en) * | 1985-09-24 | 1987-11-10 | Shell Oil Company | Reduction of sodium in coal by water wash and ion exchange with a weak electrolyte |
-
0
- US US618104D patent/US618104A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3960513A (en) * | 1974-03-29 | 1976-06-01 | Kennecott Copper Corporation | Method for removal of sulfur from coal |
| US4095955A (en) * | 1976-05-05 | 1978-06-20 | Battelle Development Corporation | Fuel separation process |
| US4705530A (en) * | 1985-09-24 | 1987-11-10 | Shell Oil Company | Reduction of sodium in coal by water wash and ion exchange with a weak electrolyte |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US1899887A (en) | Ernest w | |
| US618104A (en) | Process of desulfurizing and dephosphorizing coal or ores | |
| US2057554A (en) | Method of and apparatus for the reduction of oxide ores | |
| US2789085A (en) | Preparation and desulfurization of petroleum coke | |
| US350574A (en) | Art of reducing unsmelted or partly-smelted ore | |
| US1613299A (en) | Process of revivifying fuller's earth | |
| US1563271A (en) | Process of recovering oil from shale | |
| US1944872A (en) | Method of coking heavy petroleum residues or the like | |
| US2208247A (en) | Production of sulphur | |
| US1441542A (en) | Method of treating oil-bearing shale | |
| US1477642A (en) | Distilling materials in contact with porous substances | |
| US482001A (en) | Process of and apparatus for purifying | |
| US730142A (en) | Process of purifying iron. | |
| US656893A (en) | Apparatus for treating coal and ores. | |
| US903503A (en) | Apparatus for producing gas. | |
| US1252033A (en) | Process of manufacturing gaseous fuel. | |
| US1749138A (en) | Process of coking | |
| US283999A (en) | Process of and apparatus for the treatment of iron and steel | |
| US284126A (en) | Joseph peabsok gill | |
| US637255A (en) | Process of making coke. | |
| US575518A (en) | Thomas doherty | |
| US1885923A (en) | Continuous process for the treatment of iron and other ores | |
| US1330632A (en) | Process for recovering oils through the destructive distillation oe wood | |
| US871912A (en) | Apparatus for obtaining sulfur from furnace-gases. | |
| US1320376A (en) | Treatment of hydrocarbon oils. |