US6166249A - Creatine pyruvates - Google Patents

Creatine pyruvates Download PDF

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Publication number
US6166249A
US6166249A US08/893,423 US89342397A US6166249A US 6166249 A US6166249 A US 6166249A US 89342397 A US89342397 A US 89342397A US 6166249 A US6166249 A US 6166249A
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Prior art keywords
creatine
pyruvates
pyruvate
sub
pyruvic acid
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US08/893,423
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Ivo Pischel
Stefan Weiss
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LIBRARY PHARMA Inc
Alzchem Trostberg GmbH
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SKW Trostberg AG
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Application filed by SKW Trostberg AG filed Critical SKW Trostberg AG
Assigned to SKW TROSTBERG AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment SKW TROSTBERG AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PISCHEL, IVO, WEISS, STEFAN
Priority to EP97954423A priority Critical patent/EP0894083B1/en
Priority to JP10528354A priority patent/JP3090960B2/en
Priority to CA002255665A priority patent/CA2255665C/en
Priority to PCT/EP1997/007121 priority patent/WO1998028263A1/en
Priority to CZ19983626A priority patent/CZ293282B6/en
Priority to DK97954423T priority patent/DK0894083T3/en
Priority to TR1999/00470T priority patent/TR199900470T2/en
Priority to CN97195889A priority patent/CN1076343C/en
Priority to PL97330279A priority patent/PL330279A1/en
Priority to IL12714897A priority patent/IL127148A/en
Priority to NZ332830A priority patent/NZ332830A/en
Priority to RU98122207/04A priority patent/RU2179970C2/en
Priority to HU0000461A priority patent/HUP0000461A3/en
Priority to AT97954423T priority patent/ATE186295T1/en
Priority to AU58576/98A priority patent/AU727524B2/en
Priority to ES97954423T priority patent/ES2139465T3/en
Priority to DE59700666T priority patent/DE59700666D1/en
Priority to SK1556-98A priority patent/SK283195B6/en
Priority to BR9711954A priority patent/BR9711954A/en
Priority to BG102932A priority patent/BG63537B1/en
Priority to US09/310,323 priority patent/US6172111B1/en
Priority to NO19992603A priority patent/NO311354B1/en
Priority to GR990402819T priority patent/GR3031754T3/en
Priority to HK99105752A priority patent/HK1020718A1/en
Publication of US6166249A publication Critical patent/US6166249A/en
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Assigned to DEGUSSA AG reassignment DEGUSSA AG MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SKW TROSTBERG AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
Assigned to ALZCHEM TROSTBERG GMBH reassignment ALZCHEM TROSTBERG GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DEGUSSA AG
Assigned to IVO PISCHEL reassignment IVO PISCHEL TRANSFORMED INTO LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY Assignors: ALZCHEM TROSTBERG GMBH
Assigned to LIBRARY PHARMA INC reassignment LIBRARY PHARMA INC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PISCHEL, IVO
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C279/00—Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C279/04—Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having nitrogen atoms of guanidine groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton
    • C07C279/14—Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having nitrogen atoms of guanidine groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton being further substituted by carboxyl groups
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C59/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
    • C07C59/185—Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group and containing keto groups
    • C07C59/19—Pyruvic acid

Definitions

  • This patent application relates to creatine pyruvates and their production, the creatine pyruvates being anhydrous or hydrated salts of pyruvic acid and creatine as well as mixtures of these salts with creatine or pyruvic acid.
  • salts of pyruvic acid which are referred to as pyruvates, have valuable physiological and therapeutic properties for the treatment of various diseases, for example obesity and overweight, and can also be used to prevent the formation of free radicals and to enhance long-term performance (cf. in this context: U.S. Pat. No. 5,508,308, U.S. Pat. No. 5,480,909, U.S. Pat. No. 5,472,980, U.S. Pat. No. 5,395,822, U.S. Pat. No. 5,312,985, U.S. Pat. No. 5,283,260, U.S. Pat. No. 5,256,697, U.S. Pat. No. 4,548,937 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,351,835).
  • Alkali and alkaline-earth pyruvates are known from the prior art, sodium and potassium pyruvate being unsuitable, however, for therapeutic applications or as food supplements on account of their sodium and potassium ion content respectively.
  • Magnesium and calcium pyruvate although safe from a physiological point of view, have the distinct disadvantage of not having a sufficiently long shelf life, since magnesium and calcium ions strongly accelerate the decomposition of pyruvic acid and pyruvate ions to form dimers, polymers, cyclic compounds and so on.
  • the object of this invention is thus to develop forms of pyruvic acid which are physiologically safe and at the same time have a sufficiently long shelf life.
  • n 0 to 10.
  • creatine is present in the compounds of formula (I) in uncharged or cationic form and pyruvate as pyruvic acid or as anion.
  • creatine pyruvates of the invention have a long shelf life, although pyruvic acid is a very unstable 2-oxocarboxylic acid and the known salts of creatine decompose readily to form creatinine. Since creatine occurs as an internal salt and is only a weak base, it was not predictable that stable creatine salts can be prepared from monocarboxylic acids. According to the prior art, namely, only creatine salts of strong di- and polycarboxylic acids were known hitherto (cf. WO 96/04 240)
  • the creatine pyruvates of the invention having the general formula (I), contain the physiologically safe creatine cation of formula (II). ##STR1##
  • Creatine is not only an endogenous substance and a valuable food supplement but also has valuable therapeutic properties. It has been known for over 100 years as a muscular substance and serves as a source of energy for the muscle. It was shown in a series of scientific studies that the intake of creatine can lead to an increase in muscular tissue and muscular performance. There are also scientific findings which indicate that the pancreas releases more insulin under the influence of creatine. Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose and amino acids by muscle cells and stimulates protein synthesis. Insulin also lowers the rate of protein catabolism.
  • the pyruvate anion in the creatine pyruvates of the invention usually assumes the structure of formula (III). ##STR2##
  • the creatine pyruvates according to the invention comprise salts which preferably contain the creatine cation and the pyruvate anion or the 2,2-dihydroxypropionate anion in a molar ratio of 1:1 or a molar ratio of approximately 1:1.
  • the compounds of the invention may also be mixtures of these salts with creatine or pyruvic acid.
  • the creatine pyruvates of the invention can be produced by way of the relatively simple reaction of creatine with pyruvic acid in the temperature range from -10 to 90° C., preferably in the temperature range from 10 to 30° C.
  • the creatine and pyruvic acid are reacted here in a molar ratio of 100:1 to 1:10, preferably 5:1 to 1:2.
  • creatine can be used in the anhydrous form, as monohydrate or as wet product.
  • the pyruvic acid may be used as anhydrous acid or in the form of an aqueous solution.
  • the reaction may be carried out in the presence or absence of a solvent or diluting agent.
  • a solvent or diluting agent A broad range of polar solvents is suitable as solvent or diluting agent.
  • alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol or cyclohexanol
  • ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane or ethylene dimethyl ether
  • ketones
  • the reaction can be carried out using customary technical apparatus such as mixers, blade driers and agitating vessels.
  • the creatine pyruvates with water of crystallization are obtained by adding water during or after the reaction of pyruvic acid with creatine and/or by using aqueous creatine and/or aqueous pyruvic acid.
  • the scope of this invention also allows for the addition--during or after production of the creatine pyruvates--of other substances too, such as pharmaceutical formulation additives, vitamins, mineral substances, trace elements, carbohydrates such as glucose, dextrose, or maltose and amino acids such as L-carnitine or other food supplements.
  • compositions which contain creatine pyruvates and at least one additional, physiologically compatible substance selected from the group comprising pharmaceutical adjuvants or carriers, vitamins, mineral substances, carbohydrates, amino acids or other food supplements.
  • the creatine pyruvates of the invention are excellently suited for therapeutic applications in medicine and as food supplements, exhibiting the valuable biological and medical properties both of pyruvates and of creatine.
  • the creatine pyruvates of the invention exhibit marked synergistic effects when used in medicine and as food supplements. They are especially suitable in this context for treating conditions of oxygen deficit (ischemia) and overweight and obesity, since the breakdown of muscular substance during the treatment is reduced; the muscle-enhancing effect of creatine pyruvate is particularly important in the case of dietary cures. They also prevent the formation of free radicals and scavenge free radicals or oxidizing species of oxygen. The synergistic effects are also especially evident when creatine pyruvate is used in the field of sport to enhance long-term performance.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)

Abstract

Creatine pyruvates are described which have the general formula (I)
(creatine).sub.x (pyruvate).sub.y (H.sub.2 O).sub.n        (I)
where
x=1 to 100
y=1 to 10 and
n=0 to 10
These creatine pyruvates, which are produced by way of the relatively simple reaction of creatine with pyruvic acid, can be used to enhance long-term performance and strength in the field of sport, to reduce weight and body fat in the field of health, to treat conditions of oxygen deficit (ischemia), obesity and overweight, as food supplements and radical scavenger.

Description

This patent application relates to creatine pyruvates and their production, the creatine pyruvates being anhydrous or hydrated salts of pyruvic acid and creatine as well as mixtures of these salts with creatine or pyruvic acid.
It is a well known fact that salts of pyruvic acid, which are referred to as pyruvates, have valuable physiological and therapeutic properties for the treatment of various diseases, for example obesity and overweight, and can also be used to prevent the formation of free radicals and to enhance long-term performance (cf. in this context: U.S. Pat. No. 5,508,308, U.S. Pat. No. 5,480,909, U.S. Pat. No. 5,472,980, U.S. Pat. No. 5,395,822, U.S. Pat. No. 5,312,985, U.S. Pat. No. 5,283,260, U.S. Pat. No. 5,256,697, U.S. Pat. No. 4,548,937 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,351,835).
Alkali and alkaline-earth pyruvates are known from the prior art, sodium and potassium pyruvate being unsuitable, however, for therapeutic applications or as food supplements on account of their sodium and potassium ion content respectively. Magnesium and calcium pyruvate, although safe from a physiological point of view, have the distinct disadvantage of not having a sufficiently long shelf life, since magnesium and calcium ions strongly accelerate the decomposition of pyruvic acid and pyruvate ions to form dimers, polymers, cyclic compounds and so on.
The object of this invention is thus to develop forms of pyruvic acid which are physiologically safe and at the same time have a sufficiently long shelf life.
This object was established according to the invention by providing creatine pyruvates having the formula (I)
(creatine).sub.x (pyruvate).sub.y (H.sub.2 O).sub.n        (I)
where
x=1 to 100
y=1 to 10 and
n=0 to 10.
Depending on the stoichiometric requirements, creatine is present in the compounds of formula (I) in uncharged or cationic form and pyruvate as pyruvic acid or as anion.
Surprisingly, it was found that the creatine pyruvates of the invention have a long shelf life, although pyruvic acid is a very unstable 2-oxocarboxylic acid and the known salts of creatine decompose readily to form creatinine. Since creatine occurs as an internal salt and is only a weak base, it was not predictable that stable creatine salts can be prepared from monocarboxylic acids. According to the prior art, namely, only creatine salts of strong di- and polycarboxylic acids were known hitherto (cf. WO 96/04 240)
The creatine pyruvates of the invention, having the general formula (I), contain the physiologically safe creatine cation of formula (II). ##STR1##
Creatine is not only an endogenous substance and a valuable food supplement but also has valuable therapeutic properties. It has been known for over 100 years as a muscular substance and serves as a source of energy for the muscle. It was shown in a series of scientific studies that the intake of creatine can lead to an increase in muscular tissue and muscular performance. There are also scientific findings which indicate that the pancreas releases more insulin under the influence of creatine. Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose and amino acids by muscle cells and stimulates protein synthesis. Insulin also lowers the rate of protein catabolism.
The pyruvate anion in the creatine pyruvates of the invention usually assumes the structure of formula (III). ##STR2##
In those creatine pyruvates which contain water of crystallization the pyruvate anion can also assume the 2,2-dihydroxy form according to formula (IV): ##STR3##
The creatine pyruvates according to the invention comprise salts which preferably contain the creatine cation and the pyruvate anion or the 2,2-dihydroxypropionate anion in a molar ratio of 1:1 or a molar ratio of approximately 1:1. The compounds of the invention may also be mixtures of these salts with creatine or pyruvic acid.
The creatine pyruvates of the invention can be produced by way of the relatively simple reaction of creatine with pyruvic acid in the temperature range from -10 to 90° C., preferably in the temperature range from 10 to 30° C. The creatine and pyruvic acid are reacted here in a molar ratio of 100:1 to 1:10, preferably 5:1 to 1:2. For this reaction creatine can be used in the anhydrous form, as monohydrate or as wet product. The pyruvic acid may be used as anhydrous acid or in the form of an aqueous solution.
The reaction may be carried out in the presence or absence of a solvent or diluting agent. A broad range of polar solvents is suitable as solvent or diluting agent. Preference is given to alcohols (such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol or cyclohexanol), ethers (such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane or ethylene dimethyl ether), ketones (such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone or cyclohexanone), esters (such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate or ethyl formate) or mixtures thereof.
The reaction can be carried out using customary technical apparatus such as mixers, blade driers and agitating vessels.
The creatine pyruvates with water of crystallization are obtained by adding water during or after the reaction of pyruvic acid with creatine and/or by using aqueous creatine and/or aqueous pyruvic acid. The scope of this invention also allows for the addition--during or after production of the creatine pyruvates--of other substances too, such as pharmaceutical formulation additives, vitamins, mineral substances, trace elements, carbohydrates such as glucose, dextrose, or maltose and amino acids such as L-carnitine or other food supplements.
The subject matter of the invention thus also comprises physiologically compatible compositions which contain creatine pyruvates and at least one additional, physiologically compatible substance selected from the group comprising pharmaceutical adjuvants or carriers, vitamins, mineral substances, carbohydrates, amino acids or other food supplements.
By virtue of their optimum properties such as that of being physiologically safe, having a long shelf life, being highly soluble in water and having good bioavailabilty, the creatine pyruvates of the invention are excellently suited for therapeutic applications in medicine and as food supplements, exhibiting the valuable biological and medical properties both of pyruvates and of creatine.
Surprisingly, the creatine pyruvates of the invention exhibit marked synergistic effects when used in medicine and as food supplements. They are especially suitable in this context for treating conditions of oxygen deficit (ischemia) and overweight and obesity, since the breakdown of muscular substance during the treatment is reduced; the muscle-enhancing effect of creatine pyruvate is particularly important in the case of dietary cures. They also prevent the formation of free radicals and scavenge free radicals or oxidizing species of oxygen. The synergistic effects are also especially evident when creatine pyruvate is used in the field of sport to enhance long-term performance.
The following examples serve to explain the invention in more detail.
EXAMPLES Example 1
26.4 g (0.3 mol) pyruvic acid are dissolved at room temperature in 100 ml of ethyl acetate. 26.2 g (0.2 mol) creatine are added to this solution and the mixture agitated for 4 hours. Then the white, finely crystalline product is separated out by filtering and washed twice with 25 ml of ethyl acetate. It is dried for 4 hours at 50° C. in a vacuum-drying chamber. The yield is 95.0%. The creatine pyruvate (1:1) melts at 106 to 110° C. and decomposes (capillary).
C7 H13 N3 O5, calculated: C 38.36%, H 5.94%, N 19.18%; found: C 38.23%, H 6.06%, N 19.28%; IR (KBr) [1/cm]: 620, 829, 880, 976, 1049, 1110, 1177, 1209, 1269, 1354, 1404, 1605, 1663, 1697, 1734, 1763, 2518, 2593, 3147, 3397; 1 H-NMR (D2 O, 300 MHz): δ=2.34 (s, 3H, MeCO), 3.08 (s, 3H, Me-N), 4.06 (s, 2H, CH2); HPLC content: creatine 59.8%, pyruvic acid 40.2%.
Example 2
26.2 g (0.2 mol) creatine are mixed with 17.6 g (0.2 mol) pyruvic acid in a mortar. The mixture becomes increasingly viscous and ultimately solidifies to a white, finely crystalline product. The yield is quantitative (>99%). The creatine pyruvate (1:1) melts at 109 to 114° C. and decomposes (capillary).
Example 3
29.8 g (0.2 mol) creatine monohydrate are mixed intimately with 35.2 g (0.4 mol) pyruvic acid in a glass beaker. The mixture is left to stand, ultimately solidifying to a white, finely crystalline product. It is ground in a mortar and dried for 4 hours at 50° C. in a vacuum-drying chamber. The yield is quantitative (>99%). The creatine pyruvate obtained in this way (1:2) melts at 90-95° C. and decomposes (capillary).
Example 4
29.8 g (0.2 mol) creatine monohydrate are mixed in a mortar with 8.8 g (0.1 mol) pyruvic acid and 20 ml of tetrahydrofuran added. The mixture becomes increasingly viscous and ultimately solidifies to a white, finely crystalline product which is dried for 4 hours at 50° C. in a vacuum-drying chamber. The yield is quantitative (99%). The creatine pyruvate (2:1) melts at 118 to 120° C. and decomposes (capillary).

Claims (4)

What is claimed is:
1. Creatine pyruvate wherein the ratio of creatine to pyruvate is 1:1 and the creatine pyruvate contains 0 to 10 moles of water.
2. The creatine pyruvate of claim 1 in anhydrous form.
3. Creatine 2,2-dihydroxypropionate wherein the ratio of creatine to 2,2-dihydroxypropionate is 1:1 and the creatine 2,2-dihydroxypropionate contains 0 to 10 moles of water.
4. The creatine 2,2-dihydroxypropionate of claim 3 in anhydrous form.
US08/893,423 1996-12-20 1997-07-11 Creatine pyruvates Expired - Lifetime US6166249A (en)

Priority Applications (24)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU98122207/04A RU2179970C2 (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 Creatine pyruvates and method of their synthesis
AT97954423T ATE186295T1 (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 CREATINE PYRUVATE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
BR9711954A BR9711954A (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 Creatine pyruvate and process for its preparation
CA002255665A CA2255665C (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 Creatine pyruvates and method for their production
PCT/EP1997/007121 WO1998028263A1 (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 Creatine pyruvates and method for their production
CZ19983626A CZ293282B6 (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 Creatine pyruvate, process for its preparation and composition containing thereof
DK97954423T DK0894083T3 (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 Creatine pyruvates and processes for their preparation
DE59700666T DE59700666D1 (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 CREATINE PYRUVATE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
CN97195889A CN1076343C (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 Creatine pyruvates and method for their production
PL97330279A PL330279A1 (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 Creatin-pivivolates and method of obtaining them
IL12714897A IL127148A (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 Creatine pyruvates, method for their production and physiologically compatible compositions containing them
NZ332830A NZ332830A (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 Creatine pyruvates, method for their production and their use in medicaments for weight control, body fat control, increasing muscle strength, the treatment of oxygen deficiency conditions and as free radical scavengers
JP10528354A JP3090960B2 (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 Creatine-pyruvate and method for producing the same
HU0000461A HUP0000461A3 (en) 1997-07-11 1997-12-18 Creatine pyruvates and method for their production
EP97954423A EP0894083B1 (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 Creatine pyruvates and method for their production
AU58576/98A AU727524B2 (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 Creatine pyruvates and a method of producing them
ES97954423T ES2139465T3 (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 CREATINE PYRUVATES AND PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION.
TR1999/00470T TR199900470T2 (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 Creatine pyruvates and a method for producing them.
SK1556-98A SK283195B6 (en) 1996-12-20 1997-12-18 Creatine pyruvates and method for their production
BG102932A BG63537B1 (en) 1996-12-20 1998-11-18 Creatine pyruvates and method for their preparation
US09/310,323 US6172111B1 (en) 1996-12-20 1999-05-12 Creatine pyruvates and a method of producing them
NO19992603A NO311354B1 (en) 1996-12-20 1999-05-31 Creatine pyruvates and processes for their preparation
GR990402819T GR3031754T3 (en) 1996-12-20 1999-11-04 Creatine pyruvates and method for their production
HK99105752A HK1020718A1 (en) 1996-12-20 1999-12-09 Creatine pyruvates and method for their production

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19653225A DE19653225A1 (en) 1996-12-20 1996-12-20 New creatine pyruvate derivatives from crystallisation in polar solvents
DE19653225 1996-12-20

Related Child Applications (1)

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US09/310,323 Division US6172111B1 (en) 1996-12-20 1999-05-12 Creatine pyruvates and a method of producing them

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DE (1) DE19653225A1 (en)
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Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003084351A1 (en) * 2002-04-05 2003-10-16 Bioghurt Biogarde Gmbh & Co. Kg Use of creatine pyruvate for increasing stamina during highly intensive intermittent physical exertion
US20050142154A1 (en) * 2003-11-26 2005-06-30 Beiersdorf Ag Cosmetic preparations containing creatine and/or creatinine and organic thickeners
US20050226840A1 (en) * 1999-06-25 2005-10-13 Avicena Group, Inc. Use of creatine or creatine compounds for skin preservation
WO2006017590A2 (en) * 2004-08-05 2006-02-16 Antosh Stanley C Use of methyl pyruvate for the purpose of reducing weight gain in mammals
US20060128671A1 (en) * 1998-04-02 2006-06-15 The General Hospital Corporation Compositions containing a combination of a creatine compound and a second agent
US20060128643A1 (en) * 1998-04-02 2006-06-15 The General Hospital Corporation Compositions containing a combination of a creatine compound and a second agent
US20060194877A1 (en) * 2005-02-07 2006-08-31 Gardiner Paul T Creatine hydroxycitric acids salts and methods for their production and use in individuals
US20060241021A1 (en) * 2002-06-04 2006-10-26 University Of Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Methods of treating cognitive dysfunction by modulating brain energy metabolism
US20070292403A1 (en) * 2006-05-11 2007-12-20 Avicena Group, Inc. Methods of treating a neurological disorder with creatine monohydrate
US7329763B1 (en) 2006-09-11 2008-02-12 New Cell Formulations Ltd Creatine pyroglutamic acid salts and methods for their production and use in individuals
WO2008031184A1 (en) * 2006-09-11 2008-03-20 New Cell Formulations Ltd. Creatine pyroglutamic acid salts and methods for their production and use in individuals
WO2008031212A1 (en) * 2006-09-11 2008-03-20 New Cell Formulations Ltd. Creatine pyroglutamic acid salts and methods for their production and use in individuals
US20080119450A1 (en) * 1994-11-08 2008-05-22 Avicena Group, Inc. Use of creatine or creatine analogs for the treatment of diseases of the nervous system
US20080153897A1 (en) * 2006-09-11 2008-06-26 New Cell Formulations Ltd. Creatine pyroglutamic acid salts and methods for their production and use in individuals
US20090297685A1 (en) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 Heuer Marvin A Preparations containing creatine and imino sugars
US20090312419A1 (en) * 2009-08-12 2009-12-17 Kneller Bruce W CREATINE -ßALANINATE: A NOVEL SALT FOR INCREASING ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE
WO2010074591A1 (en) 2008-12-24 2010-07-01 Закрытое Акционерное Общество "Beptekc" Creatine amides, a method for the production thereof and an agent exhibiting a neuroprotective action
WO2011056091A1 (en) 2009-11-03 2011-05-12 Закрытое Акционерное Общество "Bертекс" Process for preparing creatine amides
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