US60788A - William l - Google Patents

Description

W.-L. RICHARDSON-f Level.

No. 60,788. Patented Jan. 1, 1867.

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"WILLIAM L. RICHARDSON, or READING, MASSACHUSETTS, nssrclvor. o

HIMSELF AND F. E. NUTTIN FLORENCE, MASSACHUSETTS.

' Letters Patent No. 60,788, dated January 1, '1867.

IMPROVEMENT in LEVELS.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM L. RICHARDSON, of Reading, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Levelling Instruments; and'I do hereby declare thatthe following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon. In the drawings Figure 1 represents a side view, with partial sections of my invention;

Figures 2 and 3 being detailedviews of parts of the same.

My invention consists of various improvements in levelling instruments, whereby they are rendered more perfect in operation, andin some cases more adapted to peculiar work. Fig. 1 shows a view of a. level having all my improvements, this one being designed, however, for masons work. ,In this it will be seen that the ball A makes the joint between the instrument and the tripod, working in the socket formed by the plate B and nut C,

has the plummet-line attached to its centre instead of a point on the surface,-and a small space,D, is left around the line so as to allow it some play. As these lines have been attached heretofore, the point on the ground upon which theplummet fell when dropped was necessarily as much out of the centre of the instrument as the point of surface where it was-attached happened to be thrown out from a perpendicular dropped from the centre of the ball. From this ball extends upwards a shaft, E, upon which wprks a clamp, F, consisting of a collar having threads cut onthe inside, and working on threads corresponding out upon the shaft E. This clamp screws down upon the top of the nutQ-bringing the whole instrument in the same straight line when such is done. Working upon the top part of the shaft E, is a cylinder, R, having the plate G upon it, on which are placed two spirit levels in tubes at right angles to each other. This cylinder extends above the end of the shaft E, leaving a socket for the stud H, In the lower part of the cylinder R is a set-screw, a, which clamps the cylinder to the shaft, and in the upper part is another set-screw, b, the end of which is pointed so as to fit into grobves c, d, and e, cut in the stud H. These grooves are out lengthwise,-and exactly quarter the surface of the stud, so that by turning the instrument around one-quarter, and screwing the screw 6 into the groove, thus setting it,an exact right angle can be obtained to the first line of sight. The tube S of this level, corresponding'to the telescope used in the instrument adapted 'to surveying, is made simply of a hollow cylinder, R,'having hairs crossed at one end, and a small sight-hole at the other, both arranged in caps which screw on the ends of the tube. It is mounted upon a frame, L, which may be taken off from the rest of the instrument, and used as an ordinary. level or plumb for builders work, it havinga reversible spirit-level, M, set in the centre and arranged as follows: The tube containing the bubble is set in a circular plate, N, having flanges at its circumference, and working in a corresponding circular bed in the frame. A spring,' O, presses upon the edge" of this, it being fastened at one end upon the frame, and prevents it from turning unless desired. This spring has a projection upon it, which fits in notches cut in the circumference of the plate N, quartering it so that-the line of the levelmay be brought either exactly at right angles, or parallel to the face of the frame at P. The use of this as a plumb is shown in fig. 3, where the level is brought around at'right angles to the face P. The lower part of this instrument may be adapted with advantage to any instrument used for levelling or similar purposes, and'set upon a tripod; while the upper par-t, consisting of the frame with--its reversible level, forms an admirable instrument for masons and builders, both in plumbing and levelling, it being easily detached from the rest of the instrument.

New, having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to-secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A ball joint, having the plu'mmet-lineattached to the centre of the ball, substantially-as and for th purpose described.

2. The stud H, having the grooves a, d, 0, arranged with the set-screw 15, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. The tubes, mounted upon the frame L, and having the reversible level M arranged as described, and being detachable from the rest of the instrument, so that it can be used as a masons level and plumb, substantially as described.

W. L. RICHARDSON.

Witnesses:

J. B. Gsnnnvnn, EDWARD H. HYDE.

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