US604823A - Op stratiidon - Google Patents

Description

{No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. 0. S. FORBES.

CONDENSER.

No. 604,823; Patented May 31, 1898.

(No Model.)

0. S" FORBES. 2 8heets-Sheet 2.

CONDENSER.

Patented May 31, 1898.

llai 7 -2 UNITED STATES FFi'CE.

PATENT CDNDENSER.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent N0. 604,823, dated May 31, 1898. Application filed November 18, 1897. Serial No. 659,038. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES STEWART FORBES, baronet, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Castle Newe,Strath don, in the county of Aberdeen, Scotland, haveinvented anew and useful Improvement in Condensers, of which the followin g is a specification.

My invention consists in improvements in condensers employed for dissipating or cooling steam or vapor, the object I have in view being to construct a condenser of larger surface Within a much smaller space than heretofore and to enable the same to be easily taken to pieces for cleaning or renewal and rapidly rebuilt.

The construction and operation of my invention will be readily understood by reference to the. accompanying" drawings, in which a Figure 1 is a part sectional view of my improved condenser on line A B, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a plan. Fig. 3 is an inside view of coverplate, looking in the direction of arrow, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of cover having gills. Fig. 5 is a view showing the tie-rod used as a uide. Fig. 6 is a part sectional view showi llg incased condenser with fan for inducing draft. Fig. 7 is an end View of circular form of condenser. Fig. 8 shows a cruciform piece of gauze or perforated plate. Fig. 9 shows a plate supported by the tiebolts. Fig. 10 shows air-current induced by steam-jet. Fig. 11 shows air-current induced by connecting toflue. Fig. 12 shows a condenser immersed in water. Fig. 13 shows a perforated metal plate.

In the drawings, 1 represents the end plates or covers. These are preferably made of thin cast or wrought iron, copper, gun-metal, aluminium alley, or other metal which is a good conductor of heat, and they may be advantageously cast, shaped by pressure, or otherwise formed with gills 2. (See also Fig. 4.) Lugs 3 are formed as shown,-and through these tie-bolts i are passed and fitted with nuts and washers 5. An inlet-hole 6 is formed in one end plate and an outlet 7 in a suitable position in the other, the exhaust or steam pipe 8 being connected to the inlet 6 and connection made with the hot-well, condensedwater tank, or the like by pipe 9.

The inner face of both the end plates or covers is preferably recessed, as at 10, and in this is fitted a thick: washer 11, formed of lead, pewter, or otherscit mel.al,'orit maybe made of rubber, rubber cloth, asbestos, or equivalent compressible or resilicn t material. Leaves or pieces of perforated metal or gauze 12, formed of copper, plain, tinned, or otherwise coated, aluminium, or other suitable metal, are cut so as to covcror clear the outside edges of the washers, the ends projecting beyond the tie-rods and washers in one or both directions. A washer from on e-eighth to one-quarter of an inch or more in thickness is placed between each gauze leaf or per forated sheet, and in order to keep them in position lugs 13, grooved as shown, engage with a special guide-rod 14 on either side, or the washers may be so formed as to engage with the tie-rods, (see Fig. 5,) or the rods may pass through the plates, as in Fig. 9.

It will be readily understood that my invention enables a condenser formed as described to be very readily constructed, as it is merely necessary to add washers and gauze leaves or plates until the required condensing-surfaceis obtained. The nuts or threaded bolts replacing them are then screwed up until the vessel thus formed is both air and steam tight.

Should grease or other adherent matter be carried into the condenser with the steam and clog the leaves, one or any of them can be quickly removed and cleaned or replaced by simply slacking back the nuts or bolts.

The operation of my invention is as follows: Steam being admitted to the condenser through the inlet 6 encounters the gauz' or the perforated plate replacing it, which rapidly absorbsthc heat and by conduction from within outward dissipates the same, tlnair circulating through the projecting loaves sufficing to keep the temperature of the plates or leaves comparatively cool. Uomlcnsalion of the steam is prompt and complete, the :011- densed vapor trickling down the wires forming the gauze or the plates, as the case may be, further accelerating it. In ordinary positions and at normal temperatures condensatiou may be satisfactorily effected by the air circulating through the projecting leaves, as described. There are, however, cases in the water being pumped through or over the may immerse the condenser entirely or partly in water which is or is not cooled artificially,

lamina as seen in Fig. 12. In Fig. 7 I have shown a condenser of cylindrical shape; but it is obvious that I may modify the shape in several ways to suit varying conditions. The size of mesh employed in constructing gauze condensers is dependent in a measure upon the diameter or area exposed.

It is desirable that f om a constructional point the plates or leaves should be sufficiently stiff to maintain their parallelism under pressure. I have found for small condensers a mesh of twenty to thirty-six to the inch an effective size; but this may be varied considerablyeither way and still give good results, as the number of pounds of steam condensed by gauze leaves or plates per square foot is largelyin excess of that obtained by the most advanced forms of tubular surface condensers, andas a consequence I can construct most effective apparatus in a very small space.

What I new claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an apparatus for condensing steam or vapor, the combination with end plates havof fastening devices passing through the end 2. In a condenser the combination of end' plates having respectively an inlet-opening and an outlet-opening in them, with a series of laminae of conducting material arranged in the intervening space, and adapted to allow the passage of vapor through them, and fastening devices connecting thesaid laminae to the framing of the said end plates substantially as set forth.

3. In a condenser the combination of metallic laminae adapted to allow the passage of vapor through them, packing-rings of yieldin g material interposed between said laminze,

and fastening devices securing the same, with fixed parts of the condenser to which the said fastening devices are attached and which have respectively an inlet and an outlet opening in them, portions of the said laminae being arranged and adapted to project into the refrigerating medium surrounding the condenser substantially as set forth.

4. In combination with a condenser having an inlet-opening and an outlet-opening, aseries of laminae adapted to allow the passage of vapor through them and arranged between the said openings,means for fastening the said laminae in position, a series of resilient packing-washers interposed between said lamina), and provided withlugs, and guides engaging the said lugs substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a condenser a series of laminae adapted to allow the passage of vapor through them and means for holding them in position, in combination with a casing having an inletopening and an ontlet-openingand means for supplying refrigerating material to the said casing, the said plates being so arranged that the vapor to be condensed and the refrigeratin g material will be applied to the same side of the said plates substantially asset forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES STEWART FORBES.

Witnessesi FRANCIS M. ROGERS, P. WATSON WALKER.

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