US601009A - Engine-governor - Google Patents

Engine-governor Download PDF

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US601009A
US601009A US601009DA US601009A US 601009 A US601009 A US 601009A US 601009D A US601009D A US 601009DA US 601009 A US601009 A US 601009A
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weights
carrier
axis
spring
governor
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D13/00—Control of linear speed; Control of angular speed; Control of acceleration or deceleration, e.g. of a prime mover
    • G05D13/08—Control of linear speed; Control of angular speed; Control of acceleration or deceleration, e.g. of a prime mover without auxiliary power
    • G05D13/10—Centrifugal governors with fly-weights

Definitions

  • WITNESS/5s A l 7 /A/VELA/4609s@t @j- WK, f our d/B -wy @vic WM A TTOHNE Y.
  • This invention relates to engine-governors; and it consists in certain improvements in the construction thereof, as will be hereinafter fully described, and pointed out'in the claims.
  • the invention relates to that class of governors which act through a throttling-valve or indirectly upon the main valve or other regulator as distinguished from what is commonly known as a shaft-governor. f
  • Figure l shows a plan of the governor.
  • Fig. 2 shows a side elevation.
  • Fig. 3 shows an alternative construction.
  • A marks the rotative carrier;
  • B the regulator-rod, which effects a governing action by oscillatin g or reciprocating movement, but which may be said to be normally at rest as distinguished from the valve-moving action of the regulators of shaft-governors.
  • the weights C are provided with vthe arms c, by means of which they are pivoted to arms a, on the rotative carrier, and they are preferably symmetrically shaped and placed at opposite sides of the carrier.
  • a T-block E is secured on the regulatorrod B by means of a washer or nut b.
  • Links F are pivoted at c to this T-block.
  • V Blocks C are pivotedin ⁇ the weights C, and the links F pivoted atc' to the blocks C.
  • a spring ⁇ D engages the pivoted blocks d on 5o the weights and forms the centripetal element of the governor.
  • the spring extends the accomup over the center of the carrier, and the line of its pull is approximately through the axis of rotation of the carrier. This arrangement allows a perfectly symmetrical construction of the parts.
  • the line of the pull' of the spring is also directly opposed to the centrifugal force of the weight, so that the centripetal value of the spring is simply its direct force, by reason of which the parts may be readily and exactly adjusted for all positions, and where the spring pulls approximately from or through the centers of gravity of the weights the friction on the pivots is practically eliminated.
  • the spring should be arranged to approximately effect what is known ⁇ as theoretical tension -that is, an arrangement of the spring which will give at a predetermined speed a centripetal moment equal in all positions of the weights to the centrifugal moment of the weights in corresponding positions. To eifect this with the pull of the spring through the axis of the carrier and from or through the center of gravity of the -weights, itis necessary in the construction shown that-'the spring be longer than the distance between the centers of gravity. If exact theoretic tension is desired under these conditions, the contractive capacity of the spring having a uniform scale of strength must be equal to the distance between the centers of gravity.
  • Fig. 3 we have shown an alternative construction in which coil-springs D are used. These are secured to blocks d', which are pivoted on the 'weights and extend outwardly from the center of gravity, so that the springs are longer than the distance between centers of gravity. We prefer, however, the con- ICO struction shown in Figs. l and 2, because centrifugal force does not cause a disturbing inliuence on the spring.
  • a governor of the type described the combination of a rotative carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of said carrier with the axis of the pivots substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier; a regulator operated by oscillatory or reciprocating movement but normally at rest; means for communicating the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a centripetally acting spring forming a medium of connection between the weights and arranged with a capacity for approximately theoretic tension.
  • a governor of the type described the combination of a rotative carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of said carrier with the axis of the pivots substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier; a regulator operated by an oscillatory or reciprocating movement but normally at rest; means for communicating the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a centripetally-aeting spring forming a medium of connection between the weights and arranged with a capacity for approximately theoretic tension and with its pull in a line approximately through the centers ot gravity of the weights.
  • a governor of the type described the combination of a rotative carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of said carrier with the axis of the pivots substantially parallel with the axis ot' the carrier; a regulator operated by an oscillatory or reciprocating movement but normally at rest; means for communicatin g the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a centripetally acting spring forming a medium of connection between the weights and arranged with a capacity for approximately theoretic tension, and with its pull approximately in a line through the axis of the carrier.
  • a governor of the type described the combination of a rotative carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of said carrier with the axis of the pivots substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier; a regulator operated by an oscillatory or reciprocating movement, but normally at rest; means for communicating the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a centripetally acting spring forming a medium of connection between the weights, and arranged with a capacity for approximately theoretic tension, and with its pull in a line approximately through the centers of gravity of the weights and the axis of the carrier.
  • a governor of the type described the combination of a rotative carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of said carrier with the axis of the pivots substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier 3 a regulator operated by an oscillatory or reciprocating movement, but normally at rest; means for communicating the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a centripetally acting spring forming a medium of connection between the weights and arranged with a capacity for approximately theoretic tension, and with the body of the spring in a plane containing the axis of the carrier.
  • a governor the combination of a rotative carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of said carrier with the axis of the pivots substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier; a regulator operated by oscillatory or reciprocating movement, but normally at rest; means for communicating the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a centripetally-acting spring forming a medium of connection between the weights, and arranged with its pull in a line approximately through the centers of gravity of the weights, said spring being longer than the distance between the said centers of gravity.
  • a governor of the type described the combination of a rotative carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of the carrier with the axis of the pivots substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier; arcgulatoroperated by oscillatory or reciprocating movement, but normally at rest; means for communicating the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a centripetally-aeting spring forming a medium of connection between the weights, and arranged with its pull in a line approximately through the axis of the carrier, said spring being longer than the distance between the centers of gravity of the weights.
  • a governor of the type described the combination of a rotative carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of said carrier with the pivots substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier 3 a regulator operated by oscillatory or reciprocating movement, but normally at rest; means for communicating the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a centripetally-aeting spring forming a medium of connection between the weights, and arranged with its pull in a line approximately through the centers of gravity of the weights and the axis of the carri er, said spring being longer than the distance between the said centers of gravity.
  • a ⁇ governor of the type described the combination of-a rotative carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of' said carrier with the axis of the pivots substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier; a regulator operated by oscillatory orv reciprocating movement, but normally at rest; means for-communicating the movement of the weights to pivoted on opposite sides of the carrier with the axis of the pivots ⁇ substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier; a regulator operated by reciprocating or oscillatory movement, but normally at rest; mechanism for communicating the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a spring D engaging the weights and extending over the governor mechanism, the body of the spring being in a plane containing the axis of the carrier.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • High-Pressure Fuel Injection Pump Control (AREA)

Description

- (N0 Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.
F. H. gv-B. 0. BALL.l
ENGINE GOVERNOR.
100,001,000. Patented Mar. 22,1808.
(No Model.) Y 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.
' I F. H.'& B. C. BALL.
. ENGINE GOVERNOR.
No. 601,009. Patented Mar. 22.1898.
WITNESS/5s: A l 7 /A/VELA/4609s@t @j- WK, f our d/B -wy @vic WM A TTOHNE Y.
UNITEDv STAT-ES PATENT Unsinn.
FRANK H. BALL AND BERT C. BALL, OF PLAINFIELD, JERSEY.
ENGINE-GOVERNOR.
SPECIFICATION forming'part Of Letters Patent N0. 601,009, dated March 22, 1898.
Application led September 20, 1897. Serial No. 652,291.. (No model.)
To a/ZZ whom it' may concerm n y Be it known that we, FRANK H. BALL and BERT C. BALL, citizens of the United States,
residing at Plainfield, in the coun ty of Somerset and State of New Jersey, havein'vented certain new and useful Improvements in Engine-Governors; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it apper- Itains to make and use the same. Y
This invention relates to engine-governors; and it consists in certain improvements in the construction thereof, as will be hereinafter fully described, and pointed out'in the claims. I
More particularly the invention relates to that class of governors which act through a throttling-valve or indirectly upon the main valve or other regulator as distinguished from what is commonly known as a shaft-governor. f
The invention is illustrated; in panying drawings, as follows: Y
Figure l shows a plan of the governor. Fig. 2 shows a side elevation. Fig. 3 shows an alternative construction. Y
A marks the rotative carrier; B, the regulator-rod, which effects a governing action by oscillatin g or reciprocating movement, but which may be said to be normally at rest as distinguished from the valve-moving action of the regulators of shaft-governors.
n The weights C are provided with vthe arms c, by means of which they are pivoted to arms a, on the rotative carrier, and they are preferably symmetrically shaped and placed at opposite sides of the carrier.
A T-block E is secured on the regulatorrod B by means of a washer or nut b. Links F are pivoted at c to this T-block.V Blocks C are pivotedin`the weights C, and the links F pivoted atc' to the blocks C. It will readily be seen that the oscillatory movement of 45 the weightsis communicated by means of the links and incident mechanism to the regulator-rod and that a reciprocating movement is effected in the regulator-rod thereby.
A spring` D engages the pivoted blocks d on 5o the weights and forms the centripetal element of the governor. The spring extends the accomup over the center of the carrier, and the line of its pull is approximately through the axis of rotation of the carrier. This arrangement allows a perfectly symmetrical construction of the parts. The line of the pull' of the spring is also directly opposed to the centrifugal force of the weight, so that the centripetal value of the spring is simply its direct force, by reason of which the parts may be readily and exactly adjusted for all positions, and where the spring pulls approximately from or through the centers of gravity of the weights the friction on the pivots is practically eliminated.
It is desirable that the spring should be arranged to approximately effect what is known `as theoretical tension -that is, an arrangement of the spring which will give at a predetermined speed a centripetal moment equal in all positions of the weights to the centrifugal moment of the weights in corresponding positions. To eifect this with the pull of the spring through the axis of the carrier and from or through the center of gravity of the -weights, itis necessary in the construction shown that-'the spring be longer than the distance between the centers of gravity. If exact theoretic tension is desired under these conditions, the contractive capacity of the spring having a uniform scale of strength must be equal to the distance between the centers of gravity. By making the spring longer than the distance between the centers of gravity, therefore, a more eflicient governor can be obtained vthan is possible with a construction having a spring shorter than the distance between the centers of gravity, because with the latter construction theoretic tension or slight variations from it, as desired, cannot well be obtained. By forming the spring so that it forms a medium of connection between the weights an exactly equal pull on both weights is assured, so that pressure on the links, which would be present were the pull on the weights unequal, is elimimated.
In Fig. 3 we have shown an alternative construction in which coil-springs D are used. These are secured to blocks d', which are pivoted on the 'weights and extend outwardly from the center of gravity, so that the springs are longer than the distance between centers of gravity. We prefer, however, the con- ICO struction shown in Figs. l and 2, because centrifugal force does not cause a disturbing inliuence on the spring.
A part of the mechanism herein shown forms the subject-matter of a separate application filed by us December 7, 1896, and serially numbered 614,096.
What we claim as new isl. In a governor of the type described, the combination of a rotative carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of said carrier with the axis of the pivots substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier; a regulator operated by oscillatory or reciprocating movement but normally at rest; means for communicating the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a centripetally acting spring forming a medium of connection between the weights and arranged with a capacity for approximately theoretic tension.
2. In a governor of the type described the combination of a rotative carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of said carrier with the axis of the pivots substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier; a regulator operated by an oscillatory or reciprocating movement but normally at rest; means for communicating the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a centripetally-aeting spring forming a medium of connection between the weights and arranged with a capacity for approximately theoretic tension and with its pull in a line approximately through the centers ot gravity of the weights.
In a governor of the type described, the combination of a rotative carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of said carrier with the axis of the pivots substantially parallel with the axis ot' the carrier; a regulator operated by an oscillatory or reciprocating movement but normally at rest; means for communicatin g the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a centripetally acting spring forming a medium of connection between the weights and arranged with a capacity for approximately theoretic tension, and with its pull approximately in a line through the axis of the carrier.
4. In a governor of the type described, the combination of a rotative carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of said carrier with the axis of the pivots substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier; a regulator operated by an oscillatory or reciprocating movement, but normally at rest; means for communicating the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a centripetally acting spring forming a medium of connection between the weights, and arranged with a capacity for approximately theoretic tension, and with its pull in a line approximately through the centers of gravity of the weights and the axis of the carrier.
5. In a governor of the type described, the combination of a rotative carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of said carrier with the axis of the pivots substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier 3 a regulator operated by an oscillatory or reciprocating movement, but normally at rest; means for communicating the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a centripetally acting spring forming a medium of connection between the weights and arranged with a capacity for approximately theoretic tension, and with the body of the spring in a plane containing the axis of the carrier.
(j. In a governor of the type described, the combination of a rota-tive carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of said carrier with the axis of the pivots substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier; a regulator operated by oscillatory or reciprocating movement, but normally at rest; means for communicating the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a centripetally acting spring forming a medium of connection between the weights, said spring being longer than the distance between the centers of gravity of the weights.
7. In a governor the combination of a rotative carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of said carrier with the axis of the pivots substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier; a regulator operated by oscillatory or reciprocating movement, but normally at rest; means for communicating the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a centripetally-acting spring forming a medium of connection between the weights, and arranged with its pull in a line approximately through the centers of gravity of the weights, said spring being longer than the distance between the said centers of gravity.
S. In a governor of the type described, the combination of a rotative carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of the carrier with the axis of the pivots substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier; arcgulatoroperated by oscillatory or reciprocating movement, but normally at rest; means for communicating the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a centripetally-aeting spring forming a medium of connection between the weights, and arranged with its pull in a line approximately through the axis of the carrier, said spring being longer than the distance between the centers of gravity of the weights.
9. In a governor of the type described, the combination of a rotative carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of said carrier with the pivots substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier 3 a regulator operated by oscillatory or reciprocating movement, but normally at rest; means for communicating the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a centripetally-aeting spring forming a medium of connection between the weights, and arranged with its pull in a line approximately through the centers of gravity of the weights and the axis of the carri er, said spring being longer than the distance between the said centers of gravity.
IOO
IIO
601,009 v A f s 10. In a` governor of the type described, the combination of-a rotative carrier; two weights pivoted on opposite sides of' said carrier with the axis of the pivots substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier; a regulator operated by oscillatory orv reciprocating movement, but normally at rest; means for-communicating the movement of the weights to pivoted on opposite sides of the carrier with the axis of the pivots `substantially parallel with the axis of the carrier; a regulator operated by reciprocating or oscillatory movement, but normally at rest; mechanism for communicating the movement of the weights to the regulator; and a spring D engaging the weights and extending over the governor mechanism, the body of the spring being in a plane containing the axis of the carrier.
.In testimony whereof we affix oursignatures in presence of two witnesses.
FRANK H. BALL. BERT C. BALL.
Witnesses:
AUSTIN R. PRESTON,
MAULsBY KIMBALL.
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