US589801A - woltereck - Google Patents
woltereck Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US589801A US589801A US589801DA US589801A US 589801 A US589801 A US 589801A US 589801D A US589801D A US 589801DA US 589801 A US589801 A US 589801A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- lead
- carbonic
- acid
- anode
- salts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910000004 White lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 14
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M NaHCO3 Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical class N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxyl anion Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G21/00—Compounds of lead
Definitions
- My invention relates to the manufacture of white lead by electrolysis; audit consists in certain novel methods of operation and in the application of certain electrochemical reactions, which permit the successful operation of a continuous process.
- My process consists in first producing a soluble salt of lead in the presence of nascent carbonic-acid gas and caustic alkali, by which process the hydrated carbonate of lead is formed in one reaction and yields a product of exceptional fineness.
- an electrolyte composed of a ten to fifteen per cent. solution of a mixture of the salt, derived from an alkali and any acid which is able to form soluble lead salts, and the bicarbonate of an alkali, which will furnish the carbonic acid as required.
- the salts of acetic, sulfuric, nitric, hydrochloric, and Various other acids, in combination with an alkali, may be employed advantageously. I will illustrate the reactions which take place when a solution of the acetate and bicarbonate of soda is employed.
- the process of producing white lead which consists in passing an electric current from an anode of metallic lead through an alkaline electrolyte consisting of a solution of a salt of ammonia in combination with any acid, which will produce a soluble lead salt (including sulfuric acid) and of a bicarbonate of an alkali to a cathode of lead, carbon or any other suitable material, thereby causing a decomposition of the salts in the electrolyte, and a formation of a soluble compound of lead, which is transformed into the hydrated carbonate of lead by the simultaneous generation of free carbonic acid at the said anode and by the presence of caustic alkali (ammonia) generated at said cathode, passing a current of carbonic-acid gas through said electrolyte to regenerate the spent alkaline bicarbonate until said anode is completely dissolved.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
HERMAN C. YVOLTEREGK, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.
PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING WHITE LEAD.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 589,801, dated September 7, 1897.
Application filed April 9, 1897. Serial No. 631,449. (No specimens.)
To 0. whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, HERMAN C. WoLTEREcK, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Manufacturing White Lead by Electrolysis, of which the following is a specification.
My invention relates to the manufacture of white lead by electrolysis; audit consists in certain novel methods of operation and in the application of certain electrochemical reactions, which permit the successful operation of a continuous process.
It is well known and has been practiced for a number of years that the electric current will decompose certain alkaline salts, so as to produce a soluble lead salt and a caustic alkali, which when mixed with the former will precipitate the same as a hydroxid, which may subsequently be converted into the hydrated carbonate of lead by treating the same with carbonic-acid gas. It has been observed, however, that the white lead thus obtained has not the same covering capacity as the white lead obtained by the old dry processes, as the precipitated hydroxid is more or less crystalline in character and does not change its form on being transformed into the hydrated carbonate. The processes of Kessler, United States Patent No. 292,119; Bottome, No. 414,935; Kytc, No. 459,946; Browne, No. 496,109; Browne and Chaplin, Nos. 551,361, 555,232, 563,553, and 563,555 describe such processes, none of which has been able to furnish a marketable quality of white lead.
My process consists in first producing a soluble salt of lead in the presence of nascent carbonic-acid gas and caustic alkali, by which process the hydrated carbonate of lead is formed in one reaction and yields a product of exceptional fineness.
For the purposes of my process I use an electrolyte composed of a ten to fifteen per cent. solution of a mixture of the salt, derived from an alkali and any acid which is able to form soluble lead salts, and the bicarbonate of an alkali, which will furnish the carbonic acid as required. The salts of acetic, sulfuric, nitric, hydrochloric, and Various other acids, in combination with an alkali, may be employed advantageously. I will illustrate the reactions which take place when a solution of the acetate and bicarbonate of soda is employed.
At the negative pole (anode) free acetic acid is formed, which dissolves the lead as acetate of lead, carbonic acid being set free there at the same time from the bicarbonate. At the positive pole (cathode) free caustic soda is formed, both from the acetate and bicarbonate of soda. As the liquid is constantly circulating by means of the bubbles of carbonic-acid gas introduced at the bottom of the vessel the solutions of acetate of lead and caustic soda come into contact in the presence of carbonic-acid gas and the following reactions take place:
Anode.
Cathode. SNaOH; 6H
III.
ZNaOI'lHQCO (supplied as gas):2NaOH.GO
the molecular weights in the reaction shown above.
I prefer to use the salts of ammonia, as these require only an electromotive force of 0.7 'volt, while the potassium and sodium salts require an average of four volts.
\Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
1. The process of producing white lead which consists in passing an electric current from an anode of metallic lead through an alkaline electrolyte consisting of a solution of a salt of ammonia in combination with any acid, which will produce a soluble lead salt (including sulfuric acid) and of a bicarbonate of an alkali to a cathode of lead, carbon or any other suitable material, thereby causing a decomposition of the salts in the electrolyte, and a formation of a soluble compound of lead, which is transformed into the hydrated carbonate of lead by the simultaneous generation of free carbonic acid at the said anode and by the presence of caustic alkali (ammonia) generated at said cathode, passing a current of carbonic-acid gas through said electrolyte to regenerate the spent alkaline bicarbonate until said anode is completely dissolved.
2. The process of producing white lead which consists in passing an electric current from an anode of metallic lead through an alkaline electrolyte consisting of a solution any other suitable material, thereby causing a decomposition of the salts in the electrolyte and formation of a soluble compound of lead, which is transformed into the hydrated carbonate of lead by the simultaneous generation of free carbonic acid at the said anode and by the presence of caustic alkali generated at said cathode, and passing a current of carbonic-acid gas through said electrolyte to regenerate the spent alkaline bicarbonate until said anode is completely dissolved, all for the purpose asset forth and described.
HERMAN C. VOLTEREOK.
lVitncsses: LOUIS TH. COHEN,
LILLIAN Fonn.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US589801A true US589801A (en) | 1897-09-07 |
Family
ID=2658462
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US589801D Expired - Lifetime US589801A (en) | woltereck |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US589801A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040133943A1 (en) * | 1998-07-03 | 2004-07-08 | Devgen Nv | Characterisation of gene function using double stranded RNA inhibition |
-
0
- US US589801D patent/US589801A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040133943A1 (en) * | 1998-07-03 | 2004-07-08 | Devgen Nv | Characterisation of gene function using double stranded RNA inhibition |
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