US5895572A - Porous monolithic support for filtration membranes - Google Patents

Porous monolithic support for filtration membranes Download PDF

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Publication number
US5895572A
US5895572A US08/530,934 US53093495A US5895572A US 5895572 A US5895572 A US 5895572A US 53093495 A US53093495 A US 53093495A US 5895572 A US5895572 A US 5895572A
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support
channels
section
support according
partitions
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Expired - Fee Related
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US08/530,934
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Jean-Pierre Joulin
Valerie Thoraval
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Tech-Sep
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Tech-Sep
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/54—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms
    • B01D46/543—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms using membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B01D29/31—Self-supporting filtering elements
    • B01D29/35—Self-supporting filtering elements arranged for outward flow filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D29/52—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
    • B01D29/54—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection arranged concentrically or coaxially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/06—Tubular membrane modules
    • B01D63/066—Tubular membrane modules with a porous block having membrane coated passages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2265/00—Casings, housings or mounting for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2265/06—Details of supporting structures for filtering material, e.g. cores

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a porous monolithic support, in particular of ceramic material, for filtration membranes.
  • Monoliths pierced with channels on which the membranes are deposited such as, for example, those described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,069,157, EP-A-470,340 and EP-A-585,152, have the twofold advantage of having a large exchange surface area of the membrane per unit of volume and a very good permeability factor.
  • the permeability factor is, for example, defined by U.S. Pat. No. 4,069,157.
  • these supports and membranes in particular when they are made of inorganic and/or ceramic material, due to their mechanical strength and their chemical, biological and thermal inertia, have a very long lifetime of use and can operate under extreme conditions of use (pH, temperature, pressure, radiation, and the like).
  • channels are situated in different regions of the support, they do not operate in the same way and it is observed that certain channels are subject to preferential blinding.
  • Monoliths containing many small channels are therefore not suitable for the filtration of fluids of this type.
  • the present invention in order in particular to solve the above problem, provides a technical solution which makes it possible, on the one hand, to increase the diameter of the channels and, on the other hand, to reduce the number of channels, while retaining the largest possible filtering surface area and appropriate mechanical properties.
  • the present invention relates, in fact, to a porous monolithic support for filtration membranes containing channels, the internal surface of which supports the membranes, characterized in that the said support contains at least two channels, each channel having:
  • the number of channels be between 2 and 8 inclusive, and preferably between 3 and 4 inclusive.
  • the sharp angles of the sections of the channels are rounded in order to decrease the pressure drop and the blinding.
  • the support has a cross-section having a central axis of symmetry.
  • This cross-section can advantageously be circular or hexagonal.
  • all the channels are identically arranged within the monolith. Under these conditions, all the channels operate similarly during filtration, that is to say that all the channels filter and are blinded substantially identically and there is no preferential blinding.
  • the support according to the invention while retaining the advantage of the monoliths with respect to the single pipe, makes it possible to obtain a greater expanded surface area of the membranes for a given bulk, while retaining a large section of the channels for the passage of the fluid to be filtered.
  • the monolith according to the invention is preferably made of ceramic material, as, for example, according to the teaching of U.S. Pat. No. 4,069,157, EP-A-470,340 and EP-A-585,152 mentioned above, it can also be made of metal, of carbon and, generally, of any inorganic material.
  • an external diameter advantageously of between 6 and 40 mm and a length of between 10 cm and 2 m are recommended according to the invention, in the case of the use of a support of cylindrical section.
  • the thickness of the interchannel partitions and of the partition of each channel with the external surface of the support is generally between 0.5 and 3 mm.
  • the supports according to the invention can be prepared by conventional extrusion processes of a ceramic paste through a die of suitable shape. It is recommended in this case to follow the teaching of EP-A-585,152 mentioned above.
  • the dies used have a shape suitable for the angles with respect to the channels to be rounded.
  • This support is then sintered.
  • This support generally has a pore diameter of between 2 and 10 ⁇ m.
  • An inorganic and/or organic membrane for microfiltration (pore diameter of between 0.1 and 1.5 ⁇ m) or for ultrafiltration (pore diameter of between 2 nm and 0.1 ⁇ m) is deposited on this support within the channels and optionally at the external surface of the support.
  • These membranes are prepared by depositing at least one layer of inorganic particles and/or of polymer by using, for example, the starting materials and the method described in the abovementioned Patent Application EP-A-585,152.
  • the monoliths according to the invention are more particularly advantageous for filtering suspensions which are heavily laden with solid materials and/or which are very viscous, such as, for example, certain fermentation musts, papermaking effluents, suspensions of fibrous products and petroleum products.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-section of a cylindrical support containing 3 channels
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section of a cylindrical support containing 5 channels
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-section of a support of hexagonal section containing 6 channels
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-section of a support of hexagonal section containing 4 channels.
  • FIG. 1 shows a monolithic support 1 made of ceramic containing 3 substantially identical channels 2, 3 and 4.
  • each channel has sections of similar shape and interchannel partitions 5, 6 and 7 of substantially constant thickness, each channel additionally having a partition 8, 9 and 10 with the outside of the support of the same thickness and of the same surface area.
  • the sharp angles 11, 12 and 13 are rounded for the purpose of improving movement of the fluid to be filtered and of facilitating deposition of the membrane 14, 15 and 16 deposited at the internal surface of each channel 2, 3 and 4 respectively.
  • FIG. 2 it is seen that a support of circular section contains 5 identical channels.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 it is seen that a support of hexagonal section contains 6 and 4 identical channels respectively.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a porous monolithic support (1) for filtration membranes containing channels (2, 3, 4), the internal surface of which supports the membranes (14, 15, 16), characterized in that the said support contains at least two channels, all of said channels having:
(a) substantially similar sections,
(b) interchannel partitions (5, 6, 7) and partitions with the outside of the support (8, 9, 10) of substantially constant thickness and
(c) a partition with the outside of the support of substantially the same surface area.
Application to the tangential filtration of viscous fluids and/or of fluids containing solid materials.

Description

The present invention relates to a porous monolithic support, in particular of ceramic material, for filtration membranes.
These membranes have been known for a long time for their separating properties and are rapidly expanding in many sectors of activity, such as agribusiness, biotechnologies, treatment of drinking and industrial water, the pharmaceutical industry and the nuclear industry.
Monoliths pierced with channels on which the membranes are deposited, such as, for example, those described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,069,157, EP-A-470,340 and EP-A-585,152, have the twofold advantage of having a large exchange surface area of the membrane per unit of volume and a very good permeability factor. The permeability factor is, for example, defined by U.S. Pat. No. 4,069,157.
In addition, these supports and membranes, in particular when they are made of inorganic and/or ceramic material, due to their mechanical strength and their chemical, biological and thermal inertia, have a very long lifetime of use and can operate under extreme conditions of use (pH, temperature, pressure, radiation, and the like).
However, in certain cases, problems of use are posed by these supports.
As the channels are situated in different regions of the support, they do not operate in the same way and it is observed that certain channels are subject to preferential blinding.
Moreover, it proves difficult to filter very viscous and/or heterogeneous fluids which contain solid fibrous materials of textile or papermaking origin.
In fact, in the case of known multichannel monoliths generally having more than 7 channels of square or circular section, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,069,157 and EP-A-470,340, a fibre can be found in several channels at the same time, at the inlet of the monolith, and repetition of the phenomenon can lead to obstruction of the monolith.
Monoliths containing many small channels are therefore not suitable for the filtration of fluids of this type.
The present invention, in order in particular to solve the above problem, provides a technical solution which makes it possible, on the one hand, to increase the diameter of the channels and, on the other hand, to reduce the number of channels, while retaining the largest possible filtering surface area and appropriate mechanical properties.
The present invention relates, in fact, to a porous monolithic support for filtration membranes containing channels, the internal surface of which supports the membranes, characterized in that the said support contains at least two channels, each channel having:
(a) substantially similar sections,
(b) interchannel partitions and partitions with the outside of the support of substantially constant thickness and
(c) a partition with the outside of the support of substantially the same surface area.
It is recommended that the number of channels be between 2 and 8 inclusive, and preferably between 3 and 4 inclusive.
Moreover, the sharp angles of the sections of the channels are rounded in order to decrease the pressure drop and the blinding.
The support has a cross-section having a central axis of symmetry. This cross-section can advantageously be circular or hexagonal.
In the monolith according to the invention, all the channels are identically arranged within the monolith. Under these conditions, all the channels operate similarly during filtration, that is to say that all the channels filter and are blinded substantially identically and there is no preferential blinding.
In addition, the support according to the invention, while retaining the advantage of the monoliths with respect to the single pipe, makes it possible to obtain a greater expanded surface area of the membranes for a given bulk, while retaining a large section of the channels for the passage of the fluid to be filtered.
While the monolith according to the invention is preferably made of ceramic material, as, for example, according to the teaching of U.S. Pat. No. 4,069,157, EP-A-470,340 and EP-A-585,152 mentioned above, it can also be made of metal, of carbon and, generally, of any inorganic material.
In the case of the use of ceramic material, an external diameter advantageously of between 6 and 40 mm and a length of between 10 cm and 2 m are recommended according to the invention, in the case of the use of a support of cylindrical section. The thickness of the interchannel partitions and of the partition of each channel with the external surface of the support is generally between 0.5 and 3 mm.
The supports according to the invention can be prepared by conventional extrusion processes of a ceramic paste through a die of suitable shape. It is recommended in this case to follow the teaching of EP-A-585,152 mentioned above.
Preferably, the dies used have a shape suitable for the angles with respect to the channels to be rounded.
The support is then sintered. This support generally has a pore diameter of between 2 and 10 μm. An inorganic and/or organic membrane for microfiltration (pore diameter of between 0.1 and 1.5 μm) or for ultrafiltration (pore diameter of between 2 nm and 0.1 μm) is deposited on this support within the channels and optionally at the external surface of the support. These membranes are prepared by depositing at least one layer of inorganic particles and/or of polymer by using, for example, the starting materials and the method described in the abovementioned Patent Application EP-A-585,152.
The monoliths according to the invention are more particularly advantageous for filtering suspensions which are heavily laden with solid materials and/or which are very viscous, such as, for example, certain fermentation musts, papermaking effluents, suspensions of fibrous products and petroleum products.
Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will become apparent on reading the following implementational example given by way of illustration, without implied limitation. Reference will be made to the appended drawing in which:
FIG. 1 is a cross-section of a cylindrical support containing 3 channels,
FIG. 2 is a cross-section of a cylindrical support containing 5 channels,
FIG. 3 is a cross-section of a support of hexagonal section containing 6 channels,
FIG. 4 is a cross-section of a support of hexagonal section containing 4 channels.
FIG. 1 shows a monolithic support 1 made of ceramic containing 3 substantially identical channels 2, 3 and 4.
It is seen that each channel has sections of similar shape and interchannel partitions 5, 6 and 7 of substantially constant thickness, each channel additionally having a partition 8, 9 and 10 with the outside of the support of the same thickness and of the same surface area.
It is additionally seen that the sharp angles 11, 12 and 13 are rounded for the purpose of improving movement of the fluid to be filtered and of facilitating deposition of the membrane 14, 15 and 16 deposited at the internal surface of each channel 2, 3 and 4 respectively.
In FIG. 2, it is seen that a support of circular section contains 5 identical channels.
In FIGS. 3 and 4, it is seen that a support of hexagonal section contains 6 and 4 identical channels respectively.

Claims (12)

We claim:
1. Porous monolithic support for filtration membranes containing channels, the internal surface of which supports the membranes, wherein said support has a central axis of symmetry and contains at least two channels identically arranged within said support all of said channels having:
(a) substantially similar sections, and
(b) interchannel partitions and partitions with the outside of the support of substantially constant thickness.
2. Support according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of channels is between 2 and 8 inclusive.
3. Support according to claim 1, characterized in that the sharp angles of the sections of the channels are rounded.
4. Support according to claim 1, characterized in that the support has a section selected from the group consisting of a circular section and a hexagonal section.
5. The support according to claim 2, characterized in that the number of channels is between 3 and 4 inclusive.
6. The support according to claim 2 characterized in that the sharp angles of the sections of the channel are rounded.
7. The support according to claim 2 characterized in that the support has a section selected from the group consisting of a circular section and a hexagonal section.
8. The support according to claim 3 characterized in that the support has a section selected from the group consisting of a circular section and a hexagonal section.
9. The support according to claim 8, wherein the section is circular, the said support being a ceramic material.
10. The support according to claim 9, wherein the said support has an external diameter of between 6 and 40 mm.
11. The support according to claim 10, wherein the said support has a length of between 10 cm and 2 m.
12. The support according to claim 9, wherein the thickness of the interchannel partitions and partitions with the outside of the support is between 0.5 and 3 mm.
US08/530,934 1994-09-28 1995-09-19 Porous monolithic support for filtration membranes Expired - Fee Related US5895572A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9411568 1994-09-28
FR9411568A FR2724850B1 (en) 1994-09-28 1994-09-28 POROUS MONOLITHE SUPPORT FOR FILTRATION MEMBRANE

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US5895572A true US5895572A (en) 1999-04-20

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EP (1) EP0704236B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3150275B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE190864T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2159264C (en)
DE (1) DE69515773T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0704236T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2145232T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2724850B1 (en)
GR (1) GR3033506T3 (en)
PT (1) PT704236E (en)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6352577B1 (en) * 1994-07-29 2002-03-05 Battelle Memorial Institute Microchannel laminated mass exchanger and method of making
US6375014B1 (en) * 1997-04-09 2002-04-23 Societe Des Ceramiques Techniques Graded permeability macroporous support for crossflow filtration
US20030155290A1 (en) * 2000-02-21 2003-08-21 Philippe Chanaud Multichannel element and method for making same
US20100224540A1 (en) * 2009-03-06 2010-09-09 Rolchigo Philip M Membrane Module for Fluid Filtration
US8062521B2 (en) * 1998-05-29 2011-11-22 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Filtering medium and method for contacting solids-containing feeds for chemical reactors
CN102858438A (en) * 2010-03-10 2013-01-02 高技术与膜工业公司 Substrate geometry for a filtration membrane
US10500581B1 (en) 2003-03-25 2019-12-10 Crystaphase International, Inc. Separation method and assembly for process streams in component separation units
US10557486B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2020-02-11 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels
US10744426B2 (en) 2015-12-31 2020-08-18 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Structured elements and methods of use
US11052363B1 (en) 2019-12-20 2021-07-06 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Resaturation of gas into a liquid feedstream
US11752477B2 (en) 2020-09-09 2023-09-12 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Process vessel entry zones

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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FR2720953B1 (en) * 1994-06-08 1996-08-30 Tami Ind Multichannel inorganic element for the filtration of a fluid.
FR2741821B1 (en) * 1995-12-05 1998-02-20 Tami Ind INORGANIC FILTRATION TUBULAR ELEMENT HAVING INCREASED FILTRATION SURFACE AND MECHANICAL STRENGTH
FR2785831B1 (en) * 1998-11-18 2001-11-23 Orelis POROUS MONOLITHE SUPPORT OF A FILTER ELEMENT AND FILTER ELEMENT
DE102004060183B4 (en) * 2004-12-14 2011-06-16 Saint-Gobain Industriekeramik Rödental GmbH Tangential flow filter with optimized duct geometry and arrangement

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US5104546A (en) * 1990-07-03 1992-04-14 Aluminum Company Of America Pyrogens separations by ceramic ultrafiltration
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US5104546A (en) * 1990-07-03 1992-04-14 Aluminum Company Of America Pyrogens separations by ceramic ultrafiltration
WO1993007959A1 (en) * 1991-10-16 1993-04-29 Cerasiv Gmbh Innovative Produkte Und Anwendungen Keramischer Werkstoffe Ceramic filtering element for tangential flow filtration of liquids and gasses
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Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6533840B2 (en) 1994-07-29 2003-03-18 Battelle Memorial Institute Microchannel laminated mass exchanger and method of making
US6352577B1 (en) * 1994-07-29 2002-03-05 Battelle Memorial Institute Microchannel laminated mass exchanger and method of making
US6375014B1 (en) * 1997-04-09 2002-04-23 Societe Des Ceramiques Techniques Graded permeability macroporous support for crossflow filtration
US8062521B2 (en) * 1998-05-29 2011-11-22 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Filtering medium and method for contacting solids-containing feeds for chemical reactors
US20030155290A1 (en) * 2000-02-21 2003-08-21 Philippe Chanaud Multichannel element and method for making same
US10500581B1 (en) 2003-03-25 2019-12-10 Crystaphase International, Inc. Separation method and assembly for process streams in component separation units
US10525456B2 (en) 2003-03-25 2020-01-07 Crystaphase International, Inc. Separation method and assembly for process streams in component separation units
US10543483B2 (en) 2003-03-25 2020-01-28 Crystaphase International, Inc. Separation method and assembly for process streams in component separation units
US7875176B2 (en) 2009-03-06 2011-01-25 Porous Media Corporation Membrane module for fluid filtration
US20100224540A1 (en) * 2009-03-06 2010-09-09 Rolchigo Philip M Membrane Module for Fluid Filtration
CN102858438A (en) * 2010-03-10 2013-01-02 高技术与膜工业公司 Substrate geometry for a filtration membrane
CN102858438B (en) * 2010-03-10 2016-01-20 高技术与膜工业公司 For the substrate geometry of filtration membrane
US10744426B2 (en) 2015-12-31 2020-08-18 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Structured elements and methods of use
US11000785B2 (en) 2015-12-31 2021-05-11 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Structured elements and methods of use
US10557486B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2020-02-11 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels
US10738806B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2020-08-11 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels
US10662986B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2020-05-26 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels
US10876553B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2020-12-29 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels
US10920807B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2021-02-16 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels
US10655654B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2020-05-19 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels
US11156240B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2021-10-26 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels
US11754100B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2023-09-12 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels
US11052363B1 (en) 2019-12-20 2021-07-06 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Resaturation of gas into a liquid feedstream
US11731095B2 (en) 2019-12-20 2023-08-22 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Resaturation of gas into a liquid feedstream
US11752477B2 (en) 2020-09-09 2023-09-12 Crystaphase Products, Inc. Process vessel entry zones

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Publication number Publication date
PT704236E (en) 2000-07-31
DE69515773T2 (en) 2000-10-12
GR3033506T3 (en) 2000-09-29
JPH08173771A (en) 1996-07-09
ES2145232T3 (en) 2000-07-01
EP0704236B1 (en) 2000-03-22
ATE190864T1 (en) 2000-04-15
CA2159264C (en) 2002-03-26
DK0704236T3 (en) 2000-08-28
EP0704236A1 (en) 1996-04-03
FR2724850A1 (en) 1996-03-29
CA2159264A1 (en) 1996-03-29
JP3150275B2 (en) 2001-03-26
DE69515773D1 (en) 2000-04-27
FR2724850B1 (en) 1997-08-01

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