US585161A - Robert a - Google Patents
Robert a Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US585161A US585161A US585161DA US585161A US 585161 A US585161 A US 585161A US 585161D A US585161D A US 585161DA US 585161 A US585161 A US 585161A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- ferromanganese
- manganese
- manganese steel
- carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
Definitions
- Manganesesteel has hitherto been generally produced by making a heat of decarburized iron and mixing a quantity of it with a quantity of previously or simultaneously melted ferromanganese which has been weighed in the cold state before fusion.
- One objection to this method is the uncertainty as to the amount of ferromanganese actually added, for losses are especially liable to occur during the meltin g of the ferromanganese, owing to its cutting or slagging action upon the surrounding walls or by oxidation, and heats are also liable to vary considerably in weight. It follows, naturally, that no matter how carefully the ferromanganese is weighed when cold thereis uncertainty as to how much is actually added when producing the manganese steel, which means liability of a more than desirable variation of both carbon and manganese.
- My invention has for its object a method of making manganese steel wherein these objections are obviated, the manganese steel produced in accordance therewith being close to the composition sought, and substantially no waste of material is involved.
- my invention consists in the method of making manganese steel which comprises incorporating a determined weight of steel or decarburized iron with aquantity of ferromanganese weighed in a molten state, substantially as will be described.
- a heat of ordinary steel is first prepared, usually preferably of mild temperi. a, low in carbon, as it is usually desirable to keep the percentage of carbon to low limits. It is, however, wholly practicable and at times desirable to have a relatively large percentage of carbon in the manganese steel; but if this steel has more than 1. 5 per cent. of carbon it will be less ductile and tough.
- the heat of steel may be made in any convenient manner, such as the Bessemer, open-hearth, basic, or other meth- 0d, and it may be made either by first more or less completely decarburizing the charge and then making final deoxidizing and preferably slightly-carburizing additions, or by arresting the Bessemer, open-hearth, or other process when the charge has been sufficiently decarburized and purified to yield, without addition, metal of the composition desired for mixing with the ferromanganese. All of the heat, after weighing, or a determined quantity thereof divided out by weight is then incorporated with the necessary quantity by weight of molten eighty-per-cent.
- My invention is not restricted to any particular form of apparatus for carrying out the various steps, nor to any given proportions of ordinary steel and ferromanganese.
- steel I include decarburized iron, which, for the present purpose, is the equivalent of steel, and which may be used especially when it is desired that the resultant manganese steel shall have relatively little carbon.
- manganese steel I refers to steel containing from two and onehalf per cent. to thirty per cent. of manganese, such as described in United States Patents Nos. 303,150 and 303,151, dated August 5, 1881, and No. 342,808, dated June 1, 1886, granted to me.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Description
ROBERT A. HADFIELD, OF SHEFFIELD, ENGLAND. v
METHCD OF MANUFACTURING MANGANESE STEEL.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 585,161, dated June 22, 1897.
Application filed January 9, 1895. Serial No. 534,332. (No specimens.)
To all whom it may cOncern:
Be it known that I, ROBERT A. HADFIELD, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Shefiield, county of York, England, have invented an Improvement in Methods of Manufacturing Manganese Steel, of which the following description is a specification.
Manganesesteel has hitherto been generally produced by making a heat of decarburized iron and mixing a quantity of it with a quantity of previously or simultaneously melted ferromanganese which has been weighed in the cold state before fusion. One objection to this method is the uncertainty as to the amount of ferromanganese actually added, for losses are especially liable to occur during the meltin g of the ferromanganese, owing to its cutting or slagging action upon the surrounding walls or by oxidation, and heats are also liable to vary considerably in weight. It follows, naturally, that no matter how carefully the ferromanganese is weighed when cold thereis uncertainty as to how much is actually added when producing the manganese steel, which means liability of a more than desirable variation of both carbon and manganese.
My invention has for its object a method of making manganese steel wherein these objections are obviated, the manganese steel produced in accordance therewith being close to the composition sought, and substantially no waste of material is involved.
In accordance therewith my invention consists in the method of making manganese steel which comprises incorporating a determined weight of steel or decarburized iron with aquantity of ferromanganese weighed in a molten state, substantially as will be described.
Other features of my invention will be hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.
Inasmuch as my hereinafter described method may be carried out with a variety of apparatus, forming no part of my invention, I have not illustrated any apparatus, as the invention is readily understood without it.
In carrying out my invention a heat of ordinary steel is first prepared, usually preferably of mild temperi. a, low in carbon, as it is usually desirable to keep the percentage of carbon to low limits. It is, however, wholly practicable and at times desirable to have a relatively large percentage of carbon in the manganese steel; but if this steel has more than 1. 5 per cent. of carbon it will be less ductile and tough. The heat of steel may be made in any convenient manner, such as the Bessemer, open-hearth, basic, or other meth- 0d, and it may be made either by first more or less completely decarburizing the charge and then making final deoxidizing and preferably slightly-carburizing additions, or by arresting the Bessemer, open-hearth, or other process when the charge has been sufficiently decarburized and purified to yield, without addition, metal of the composition desired for mixing with the ferromanganese. All of the heat, after weighing, or a determined quantity thereof divided out by weight is then incorporated with the necessary quantity by weight of molten eighty-per-cent. or other suitable ferromanganese, according to the percentage required in the product of manganese steel, pouring either material into the other, as may be most convenient, or both together into a third ladle or other vessel, the slag being separated during the pouring.
By my herein described method exact weights both of ferromanganese andordinary steel are obtained, resulting in great uniformity in the composition of the manganese steel so produced. A
Pouring one of the two molten metals into the other insures thorough admixture, but, if desired, further stirring may be effected, and the product is then ready for pouring into molds for ingots or castings.
As an illustration of actual practice let us suppose that a quantity of eighty-percentferromanganese, weighing six hundredweights, one quarter, fourteen pounds, is held in a suitable ladle. Into it a weight of thirtythree'hundredweights, two quarters, fourteen pounds of ordinary mild steel is poured, giving a total of forty hundredweights of manganese steel containing about thirteen per cent. manganese. It will be obvious that should there be any excess of ordinary steel remaining from the heat it can be used for ingots or castings of ordinary carbon steel in the usual way.
My invention is not restricted to any particular form of apparatus for carrying out the various steps, nor to any given proportions of ordinary steel and ferromanganese.
In speaking of steel I include decarburized iron, which, for the present purpose, is the equivalent of steel, and which may be used especially when it is desired that the resultant manganese steel shall have relatively little carbon.
In the foregoing specification and in the claims when speaking of manganese steel I refer to steel containing from two and onehalf per cent. to thirty per cent. of manganese, such as described in United States Patents Nos. 303,150 and 303,151, dated August 5, 1881, and No. 342,808, dated June 1, 1886, granted to me.
I claim 1. The herein-described method of making manganese steel, which consists in decarburizinga portion of iron, recarburizin g to a sub- ROBERT A. IIADFIELD.
\Vitnesses:
GEO. MOUNT, MAURICE RAW.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US585161A true US585161A (en) | 1897-06-22 |
Family
ID=2653831
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US585161D Expired - Lifetime US585161A (en) | Robert a |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US585161A (en) |
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0
- US US585161D patent/US585161A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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