US584875A - Fireproof floor - Google Patents

Description

I (No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. J AMETON PIREPROOF FLOOR No. 584,875. Patented June .22 1897.

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(No Model.)

J J AMETON FIREPROOP PLO0R.

No. 584,875, Patented June 22, 1897.

N I TED PATENT OFFICE.

JEAN JAMETQN, OFST. LOUIS, MISSOURI FIREPR'QOF FLOOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No; 584,875,dated June '22, 1897;

Application filed January l5, 1897, Serial No. 619,353; (No niode L) To all whom it may concern.

Be'it known that I, JEAN JAMETON, a citizen of the United States, residing-at St; Louis,- State of Missouri, have invented certain new 5 and useful Improvements in Fireproof Floors,

of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

, vMy invention-haemelatientoimramvemenE- 19 in fireproof flooring; and it consists in the novel construction to be, more particularly set.

forth in the specification and -pointodout in the claims. a In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective I 5 7 view of a sectionof the floor, disclosing at the same time the interior construction, thereof. Fig. 2 is a top plan view-of the forward per-- tion'sho'wn in Fig. l',-s how ing the cups, however, disposed on both sidesofthe strap.

' 2 Fig. 3is a section on the linear w' of Fig. 1.

t Fig. lis'an enlarged vertical sectio'n'of one of the cups adapted to be embedded in the cement, Fig. 5 is a planof a construction employed forfloors of unusualldepth, and '2 5 Fig; 6 is a section on y y of Fig.j5.' v The object of my invention is to construct a fireproof. floor entering into the construc tion of buildings of the steel-cage type which shall not" only be light, thereby materially- 3o reducing the aggregate weight which the metallic beams between which the flooring is disposed are obliged to support, but whichlat thesame time shall be strong and durable and adapted to resist to a maximum the various strains to which it-may be subjected.

, By my present improvement a very high building will possess the advantage both of 1 stability and lightness, while the. general strength of the flooring thereof will in no wise 40 be diminished. In detail the invention may be described as follows:

main supporting metallic beams of the floor,

generally, though not necessarily, united atthe bases by a series of tie-rods 2, provided with terminal nuts 3, and the upper flanges of the webs ofthe beams being connected by a series of concave metallic straps ,4, each strap having a gripping end 5, by which said flange is embraced. "The bases of the straps are substantially on a line connecting the lower edges of the. webs, as best seenin sec+ Referring to the drawings, 1 1 represent the.

tween the cup and the cement.

vantage said compression strain.

tionin Figs, 3 andfi. In constructing the flooring which forms the main feature'of my invention I first dispose a layer of cement 6- ,between the lower flanges of the webs of the beams, (the cement being of course tempo-- rarily supported by scaffolding, not shown,-)

i and while the said layer is still comparatively soft I embed therein a series of inverted sub- .stantiallytubular or cylindrical cups 7, the

lower edge and the adjacent portion of the interiorsurface of each cup being roughened (see 7', Fig.4) to efiect a better union be- The cups break joint, as best seen .in Fig. 2, whereby they effect a closer and firmerbond with the 1 remaining portion of the cement 6,con'stituting the main body of the cement floor The upper layer 6 is of course laid in between the .several cups inftime'bcfore the,

lower layer (5 has had time to harden, so that when the door is complete the layers 6 andG form asingle body ormass.

As seen from the drawings, the bottoms (closed bottoms) of the cupsv are disposed a suitable distancebelow the upper su'rt'aceof the cement floor, thereby-enabling the latter to be finished 01f smoothly, but in addition the said bottoms are disposed along a plane .at which the compression to whichthe floor ing is subjected by-rcason of any weight, it may. carryis greatest, so that the said closed bottoms are in' a positionto resist tobest adlayer, however, being-subjected to'tension,

The lower there is no particular occasi'o'n to make the upsclosed at thatpoint, as the tension is.

taken up by thetie-rods and the straps above referred to.

re. If?

- l .9 It is apparent that by the present construc-- By f cement I of course mean the prevailing concrete compositions which enterinto this class of constructions for cizample, plas ter-of-paris, hydraulic lime, gravel, granite,

mortar, &c.and which formwhat are known as concrete flooring. It is mypractice to generally dispose the cups on each side of the straps 4, thereby leaving in the line of the length of each strapor immediately over each strap a solidv rib of concrete 6", such rib consuch cup against any possible crushing force towhich said walls may at any time be subj ected.

For-heavy flooring I prefer the construction-J best illustrated in Figs. 5,and 6-that is to' say, thestraps 4 are connected bya series of bars 10, laid on the straps and running across the same and parallel with the beams 1, thereby dividing the spaces between any two straps into a series of sections, within each of which the cups are laid and disposed in the manner already described. In this way I form a firm bond between the various elements entering into thecomposition and. construction of the floor. Q The cups employed are in their general nature -tubularthat is, cylindrical or pris' matic-being circular, elliptical, or polygonal in cross-sectionand with their closed ends or bases disposed substantially in the same plane, the bases so disposed forming a surface which (on the principle'of an arch) resists to the best advantage-the compression straingto which the floor. is subjected-and which byreason of the particular'form of. "cups used naturally occupies a position or plane at the proper distance below the upper surface of the flooring.- However, in light-. floors, where the compression strains are slight, the cups may be open atboth ends,

in which case the construction would resolve itself into a mere tube or pipe open at both ends, but always disposed with its axis substantially at right angles to the plane-of the upper surface of the floor. The omission of the closed bottom falls within the spirit of my.invention,;the open tube being a generic construction forthe'speciiic form of cups already refer'red to, the -'latter..,being the preferred form for floors designed to carry heavyloads. a,

The present constructionis characterized by the specific disposition oflthe cups or tubes within the cementeviz that each tube is set within the cement witblthe axis thereof at an angle to thexupperf plane or surface'of the floor. The prevailing size of this angle I isninetyfdegrees by reason of. the preferred vertical disposition 0'1" the agzis of the tube,

although it is apparentthat with arched a measure depart from a right. angle unless floors or roofs, wherein the+ surface of :such door is slightly curved, this angle would in the tube or cup'were actually set perpendicthe same,

*cups'being lo ular to such curved surface. The length of each tube or cup should of course be sulfi- .cient that when they are all properly embedded within the cement they may effectually resist the compression strains above referred to, and th'oughthe tube may beopen Having described myv invention, what I claim is- 1. In a floor, suitable supporting-beams, a layer or body of :cement supported between the same, and aseries of hollow tubes embedded in said cement with the axis of each tube'disposed at an' angle to the upper sur-' face of the floor, substantially as set forth.

2. In a floor, suitable supporting-beams, layer or body of cement supported between and suitable substantially tubular cups embedded in said cement, the closed ends of the cups being adjacent to the upper surface of the flooring, and their open ends being disposed adjacent to the lower surface of the floor, substantially as set forth.

3.. In a'floor, suitable supporting-beanie, a layer of cement supported between the same, and suitable substanttallytubular cups placed in an inverted position and embedded in said cement, the said cups breaking joint with one-another, substantially as set forth; 4. In a floor, suitable supportin beams, a layer or body of cement supportg between the same, suitable cups closedat one end embedded in the omsof-the cups being'disposed in a plane a the flooring wherebythe strains of compresmass'of cement, the closed bot- 7 IO 5 "suitabledistance below the upper surface ofsionare-best resisted by the cups, and suitable means for otherwise taking up the tension strains t'o'wh'ich the flooring is subjected,

substantially as set forth;

5. In afloor, a suitable cup closed at one end, and having aroughened surface at the edge of the open end andalong a portion of the interior surface thereof. adi-acent to said edge, substantially as set forth..

'6. A fireproof ffloor, beams having upper and lower flanges and intermediate webs, a mass or body of cement supported by the lower flanges between the webs, a series of cups closedat one end embedded in s id 'cement,'the closed-ends of the bated ina plane a suitable disppr'su'rface of the flooring, I oftliecups and the interior surface adjacent't roughened; the said cups being disposed in the cement to'b'reak joint with one another,

tance below the said lower edges *being! comprising suitable and suitable ';straps;ha'ving t r na gripping end's'adapted to'seize the upper flanges of the beams, the said the lower edges of thewelis straps bein g concave down wardytlibases of the straps being sub'stan-- t'ial-ly in line with of the beams, substantially as set forth.

7. In a floor suitable supporting-beams, a'

. layer or body of cement orconcrete supported between the same, strapsconnecting the beams, cups embedded in the cement on each side of each strap thereby leaving a solid rib of concrete immediately over, or in line of the length of each strap,substantially as set forth. 1

8. In a floor, suitable supporting-beams, a layer of concrete supported between the beams, straps connecting the said beams, a

series of bars connecting the straps and running across said straps, thereby forming a series of sections or areas, and suitable cups embedded in'the concrete within the several sections, substantially as set forth.

9. In a floor, suitable supporting-beams, a

layer or body. of cement supported between the same, and a series of hollow tubes embedded in said cement with the axis of each tube. disposed substantially at right angles to adjacent end of the tube disposed in aplane substantially parallel to such surface, substantially as set forth. 10. Ina floor, suitable supporting-bearns, a layer or body of-cement support-ed between the same, and a series of hollow tubes embedded in said cement with the axis of each tube disposed substantially at right angles to the upper. surface of the floor, and with the upper ends or those adjacentto said surface disposed in a plane substantially parallel to said upper surface of the floor, substantially y as set forth. T In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

- JEAN .mnnron.

Witnesses:

EMIL STAREK, ALFRED A. MATHEY.

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