US581909A

US581909A - Phreys

Info

Publication number: US581909A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1897-05-04
Anticipated expiration: 1914-05-04

Description

(R0 Model.)

A. G. GLASGOW '& A. O. HUMPHREYS.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR GARBURETING WATER GAS. No. 581,909.

Patented May 4 k M AZAAQ 35 gases.

J Eric,

HUMPHREYS, OF

vNEW YORK, N. Y.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR CARBURETING WATER GAS."

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 581,909, dated May 4, 1897..

Application filed August 6, 1895.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, ARTHUR GRAHAM GLAsoow and ALEXANDERCROMBIE HUM- PHREYS, citizens of the United States, and residents of the city of New York, county of New York, and State of New York, (said GLASG W temporarily residing in London, .England,)

l haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of and Apparatus for 1o Carbureting \Vater-Gas, of which the following specification is a true and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.

Our invention relates to the man ufaeture of I I 5 carbureted water-gas, and has for its object a more perfect utilization of the heat generated in the stages of the process known as blowing-up the generator-namely, that stage which consists in forcing air into the fuel-bed contained in the generator for the purpose of raising its temperature to a sufficient heat for the proper decomposition of steam.

' In approved modern practice the potential heat or a portion thereof of the gases passing 2 5 01f from the generator during the blowing-up operation is stored by secondary combustion of these gases in regenerative chan1bers,whieh chambers are afterward utilized for vaporiz ing oil during the time when water-gas is issu- 0 ing from the generator and forconvertin g the oil-vaporsinto fixedgases. In some apparatus these regenerative chambers are utilized for superheating the steainwhich is forced into the generator as well as for fixing the We have ascertained thatlin the manufacture of carbureted water-gas the blast-gases as they leave the regenerative chambers used for carbureting and fixing the gas have still suffi- 40 cient sensible and potential heat to impart ahigh temperature to the air used in the blow ing-up operation, and that this heat can be utilized to pronounced advantage by the methods hereinafter described, and of which an essential feature is the provision of two independent or supplemental regenerative chambers connected with the chambers used for carbureting and fixing the gas in such a Way that the'blast-gases after leaving the fixingchamber or chambers will traverse and Fig. 4 is a sideelevation Serial No. 558,391. No model.)

impart heat to the said independent chambe'rs, the independent chambers, however, forming no part of the water-gas conduit and being connected with the air-blast apparatus and the generator in such a way that the air used in blowing up the generator-fire will traverse and be" heated in .the independent regenerative chambers, preferably passing from the said independent chambers through the fixing and carbureting chambers to the generator, this being rendered practicable by reason of the fact that thetemperatnre of the air-is so high that it will not tend to .rob the fixing and carbureting chambers of an injurious amount of heat,as would be the case if it were passed directly to them without preheating. i I

1 Our invention in detail and the apparatus adapted for carrying it intoeffect will best be understood as described in connection with the drawings, in which the apparatus is illustrated, and-in which-r Figure 1 is a plan view of our new appara} tus; Fig. 2, asectional elevation thereof, the parts being represented as spread out into a plane; Fig. 3, a front view of a valve arrangement which we have devised for the convenient reversal of the steamand opening and closing of the proper water-gas-delivery pipes.

V of the said valve arrangement, and Fig. 5 a view'illnstrating a modification in the arrangement of the appa; ratus. 1 g

A is the generator, which, .as shown in Figs,

1 and 2,-is provided with gas-take-ofi pipes-8 E E, leading from the top-and bottom of thegenerator to a commom'delivery-pipe E an'd provided with valves FftIlCl'F', by which either branch can be closed at will. The gas-takeoff pipes are duplicated, one pipe E in-the construction shown leading to the carbureting-chamber B, while the other leads to the carbureting-chainber 13. Each of the said carbureting-chambers is connected with a fixing-chamber, (indicated at G and CL) con- 3 nection being made by a conduit, such as K or K. 0f'course any. usual construction of carbureting and fixing chamber can be'employed. i

D and D indicate the supplemental or in. 5

dependent regenerative chambers, which, as shown, connect with the fixing-chambers C and C through pipes L and L, Z indicating valves in said conduits, by which they can be closedat will, though the presence of such valves is not essential, as will be explained hereinafter.

G and G indicate steam-pipes, by which saturated steam can be introduced either to the bottom or top of the generator.

H and II indicate oil-supply pipes leading into the carburetors I3 and B. y

I I I indicate connections from the airblast (not shown) to the various regenerative chambers, the air being admitted therethrough, where secondary combustion in such chambers is desired. Obviously these blast conduit branches may be led oit' from the main conduit at. any point, and therefore the air delivered through them may, if desired, be preheated in the independent chambers D and D.

J J ll'ltllOitiClillG air-blast conduits leading to each of the chamber-s1) and D. As shown, these pipes enter the base of the chambers, but it may be advantageous under certain circumstances to distribute the air at various points in the regenerative chambers D and D, so as to prevent the cooling down of one part of said chambers to too great a degree.

M and lilindicate the two branches of the steam-supply pipe which lead into the two sets of regenerative ehan'ibers, and which, as shown, enter the heads of the fixing-ointmbers C and C, at which points it is good practice to introduce the steam for the purpose of superheating it before it enters the generator. The steam-pipes, however, may be introduced into the chambers D and D, for instance, at the pointsiiulicated in dotted lines atm and m, in which case the valve I can safely be dispensed with.

N and N are the gas-talre-oll' pipes, leading from the fixing-chambers C and t" to a common receptacle 0, which, as shown, is a sealbox, U being the gas-conduit leading therefrom. v

Sand S are valves adapted to close the ends of the pipes N and N and, as shown, secured to the ends of lovers pivoted at R, the leverarm R being provided by which the levers carrying the valves are actuate-d and their valves brought into o )eration, one pipe being closed'and the other pipe being opened, necessarily, by the same motion. The lever R is actuated through a rod Q by means of a lever I P, pivoted at I", the working arm 1 of the lever being connected by a link T with a lever T, which in turn is connected with a cook or valve T by which steam coming from the source of supply through a pipe M is turned either into the pipe M or the pipe ill,

, and, obviously, by this arrangement the reversal of the steam always takes place simultaneously with the openingof the gas-deli very pipe corresponding to the position of the steam-cock.

V and V indicate take-oft conduits for blast-gases leading from the-base of the chambers D and'D.

In Fig. 5 we have illtistrated two generators (marked A and A)conn.ected by a conduit to at their bases and with the carburet-i ng-eham- At g and g we have indicated pipes for saturated steam leading into each of these generators, and in this figure, as well as Fig. 2, We have indicated at a acold-blast conduit leading to the base of the generators. I

The apparatus having been brought toia proper temperature throughout in any conduit K and chamber 13,,and thence through conduit h either to the top of the generator through pipe E or to the bottom of the generator through pipe E, as may be desired. In case the air enters the top of the generator he valve F in the pipe through whichit enters is of course opened and thecorresponding valve F closed, while in the other set of take-oft pipes the valve F is open and the valve F closed, so that the air will pass down through the fuel in the generator, and thence through pipes E and E at the righthand side into the chamber B. Of course by reversing the valves F and F the course of the air will be upward through the fire and the delivery will be through thepipes E and I)? at the right-hand side. .The blastgases will pass through the chamber B,thence through conduit K to the chamber C, thence through cond'uit L to the chamber D, from which they escape through the takeoff conduit V. Secondary combustion in each of the chambers through which the blast-gases are passing is provided for by introducing air through the pipes I, I, and 1 The blast of air is then cut elf and steam introduced into the 'head of the chamber C through the pipe M or into the chamber D, as through the pipe m, in case no valve 1 is provided in the pipe L. The steam sweeping through the chambers C and B becomes superheated and enters the generator assuperheated steam. The water-gas formed in the generator by forcing the steam through the heated l'u'el then passes through the chamber 13', into which oil is'a'lso forced, and'the mixed gases then pass to and are fi ved in the chamber C, from whiclrthey issue through the pipe N and in to the seal-box O, thc'valves Sand S being in the positionindicated in Fig. 3. From the box 0 the gas is passed through pipe U to any convenient storagetank. At the end of the gas-making run we bers B and B by means of the pipes E E.'

venient way-as, for instance, by passing ehamberit will enter the chamber C by means of the pipe L, thence pass through the con 5 N. The steam then sweeps backward through the chambers O and B to the generator and through it into the chambers B and O and then through the pipe N to the seal-box and delivery-pipe. This reversal of the gas, which of course takes place after the oil is cut off at the point H, sweeps the rich gas out of the chambers Cand B'and forcesacertain quantity of lean gas intoand through the chambers B and C, no oil being introduced at H at this time, anda layer of steam intervening between the lean gas in the chamber 0 and the air in the chamberD in case steam is introduced at m, while of course the use of a valve Z makes an absolute cut-off and prevents possibility of an explosive mixture.

When the right-hand side of the apparatus has been filled with steam and the left-hand side with lean gas, the steam is cut off by an independent valve, such as indicated at M and. which must be employed at any rate, so it will be seen that the reversal of the steamvalve controlled by the lever P P is to be made only once for each change of direction. Air is next introduced into the independent chamber D through conduit J and passed through the chambers C and B to the generator, the products of combustion then passing through and being employed to heat the chambers B, O, and D. Then steam is introduced through pipes M or m, superheated inclgambers C and B,and passes through the generator, the water-gas then passing through and being carbureted and fixed in the chambers R and G, from the last of which it passes through the pipe N to the seal-box. After this run the steam is again reversed by the lever P P, the apparatus sweptout, and then again the air is introduced through the chamber D.

We have described in detail the above method of operation because it shows clearly that-our apparatus is entirely practicable and can be operated without danger of the formation of explosive mixtures ofgas and air. The sequence of operations can be varied ,in ways which will be apparent to all skilled in the art, and it will also be understood that byproviding an independent blast, as a, and steam-conduits, as G and G, we have in view particularly the proper trimming and balance of the temperatures which sometimes render the use of these appliances advisable.

It will be apparent that by passingthe air directly from the independent chamber D and D to the generator the main benefits-of our invention would still be obtained. We prefer to utilize the three regenerativechambers as theconduits forthe air on its way to the. generaton'because the air is heated thereproper'functions of the carbureting and fixing chambers.

by at higher degree and will not absorb so. much of the heatv as to interfere with the.

This is true also as to the steam which, obviously, having been admitted as through pipes'm and m to the chambers D and D, could pass directly to the generator, but as with regard to the airwe prefer the construction shown, where the apparatus is doubled, as indicatedin the drawings. In another application filed by us July 10, 1895, Serial No. 555,489, we have shown and described a specific apparatus in which the air and steam are not passed through thee-arbureting and fixing chambers.

Having now described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination with a water-gas generator'of two sets of carbureting and fixing chambers, a water-gas take-01f leading from each of said sets, a supplementalregenerative chamber'filled with refractory material also connected to each of said sets, blast-gas take-ofis leading from 'each supplemental chamber, air-blast conduits leading'intoeach of the supplementalchambers, steam-conduits leading to the generator, and valves arranged as described for reversing and alternating the. passage of air, blastgases, and water-gas through the apparatus.

2. The combination with a watergas generator of two sets of carbureting and fixing chambers, a water-gas takeoff leading from each of said sets, a supplemental regenerative chamber filled with refractory material also connected to each of said sets, blast-gas take-cits leading from each supplemental chamber, air-blast conduits leading into each of the supplemental chambers,-steam-condnits leading into a member of each connected set of carbureting and fixing chambers, and valves arranged as described'for reversing and alternating the passage of air, steam, blast-gases and water-gas through the apparatus.

3. The combination with a water-gas generator of two sets of carbureting and fixing chambers, a water-gas take-0E leading from each of said sets, asupplemental regenerative chamber filled with refractory material also connectedto each of said 'sets, blast-gas IIS take-oifs leading from each supplemental chamber, air-blast conduits leading intoeach of the supplemental chambers, steam-eonduits leading intoa member of each connected set of carbureting and fixing chambers, and valves arranged as described for reversing and alternating the passage oif air, steam, blast-gases and water-gas through the apparatus.

4. The combination of a Water-gas generator with two sets of carbureting and fixing chambers, gas-conduits as N N leading from each of said sets to a common receptacle, steam-conduits as M M .leadinginto each set of said chambers, a double valve as S S ar ranged to alternately close and open the conduits N N, a cook or valve T adapted to alternately open and close the conduits M M to a source of steam-supply and a valve-aotuating device as lever P'arranged to sinnultaneously actuate the valves S S and T and so as to at the same time reverse the steamcurrent, open the gas-conduit in proper relation thereto, and close the other gas-conduit.

5. The method of making carbureted Watergas which consists in forcing air through a preheated regenerative chamber adapted to store heat and supplemental to the chambers used for carburetin g and fixing the water-gas and thence into the generator, then drawing off the products of combustion through a set of carbureting and. fixing chambers and another supplemental preheated regenerative chamber and using its actual and potential heat to heat said chambers, then cutting off the air-blast andforcing steam into the generator, drawing off the Water-gas through one of the chambers adapted for carbureting and fixing, andforcing oiltherein to carburet said gas, then cutting off the oil and steam an'dforcing air through the second supplemental preheated regenerative chamber to the generator drawing off the products of combustion through the second set of chambers adapted for carbureting and fixing gas and thence through the first-mentioned supplemental regenerative chamber, and thus continuing alternating the air-blast and the course of the water-gas, and in all cases drawing 01f the carbureted gas before it reaches the supplemental regenerative chambersin which air is heated.

6. The method of making carbu reted watergas which consists in forcing air through a preheated regenerative chamber adapted to store heat and independent of the carbureting-cl1ambers,and"thence through a preheated regenerative chamber or chambers adapted for carbureting and fixing gas into the generator, drawing off the products of combustion through a similar set of regenerative chambers and utilizing the actual and potential heat thereof to heat said chambers, then cutting off the air-blast and forcing steam into the generator, then drawing off the watergas through the portion of the other set of chambers adapted for carbureting and fixing and injecting oil therein to carburet the gas,- then cutting otf the steam and forcing air through the second set of chambers to the generator drawing off the products of combustion through the first set, and thus continuing alternating the air-blast and in all cases drawing off carbureted gas before it reaches the chamber into which air is first introduced.

7. The method of making carbureted watergas which consists in forcing air through a preheated regenerative chamber, adapted to store heat and independent of the carbureting chambers, and thence through a preheated regenerative chamber or chambers adapted for carbureting and fixing gas into the generator, drawing off the products of combustion through a similar setof regenerative chambers and utilizing the actual and potential heat thereof to heat said chambers, then cutting ed the air-blast and forcing steam through one set of cha mhers into the generator,then drawing off the water-gas through the portion of the other set of chambers adapted for carbureting and fixing and injecting oil therein to carburet the gas, then cutting oif the steam and forcing air through the second set of chambers to the generator drawing ed the products of combustion through the first set and thus continuing alternating the air-blast and steam and in all cases drawing off carbureted gas before it reaches the chamber into which air is first introduced. ARTHUR GRAHAM GLASGOW. ALEXANDER GROMBIE HUliiPHREYS. Witnesses to the signature of Arthur Graham Glasgow:

F. HUEMAN, ILLIAM SKEATE... Witnesses to the signature of Alexander Orombie Humphreys:

WM. W. RANDOLPH, FRANK H. BUCKLIN.