US577295A - William jules samuel grawitz - Google Patents
William jules samuel grawitz Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US577295A US577295A US577295DA US577295A US 577295 A US577295 A US 577295A US 577295D A US577295D A US 577295DA US 577295 A US577295 A US 577295A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- anilin
- cyanate
- sulfo
- grawitz
- samuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 30
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M isothiocyanate Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(0) Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 10
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 210000002268 Wool Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative Effects 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 241000872198 Serjania polyphylla Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- GFEYTWVSRDLPLE-UHFFFAOYSA-L dihydrogenvanadate Chemical compound O[V](O)([O-])=O GFEYTWVSRDLPLE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chlorate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M cyanate Chemical compound [O-]C#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002335 preservative Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- GVCGWXSZNUOTDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfo cyanate Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)OC#N GVCGWXSZNUOTDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium(0) Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/22—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using vat dyestuffs including indigo
- D06P1/222—Oxidising agents
Definitions
- This invention relates to an improved process of dyeing or printing vegetable textile fibers, silk, or wool black, or shades approaching thereto, with anilin, its homologues, or
- the sulfate of barium isthen separated by filtering and a pure solution of sulfo-cyanate of anilin-is obtained.
- the sulfo-cyanate of anilin is also formed by mixing the nitrate or the hydrochlorate of anilin with a soluble sulfo-cyanate, such as that of barium, calcium, or ammonia; but in these cases the sulfo-cyanate of anilin cannot be separated because the nitrates or the chlorids of barium, calcium, or ammonium, which have been formed by double decomposition, are themselves soluble like the sulfo-cyanate of anilin; but such a mixture acts practically in the same manner as the purified and isolated On the contrary, by mixing a solution of a salt of anilin, such as nitrate or hydrochlorate of anilin, with an insoluble sulfo-cyanate no double decomposition will take place.
- hydrochlorate of anilin and nitrate of anilin likewise that vanadate of ammonia may be used conjointly with another soluble vanaderivatives.
- Fibers which are dyed by means of a salt of anilin (or of one of its homologues or derivatives) under the oxidizing action of a chlorate are liable to become weakened.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome this defect by oxidizing the sulfocyanate of anilin instead of the nitrate or chlorhy'drate or other salts already used for the transformation in black.
- the sulfo-cyanate of anilin may be obtained in combining directly the sulfo-cyanic acid (OHNS) with the anilin. It may also be obtained by double decomposition.
- OHNS sulfo-cyanic acid
- a solution of sulfo-cyanate of barium (ONS) Ba+2H O with a heated solution of sulfate of anilin, a soluble sulfo-cyanate of anilin and an insoluble sulfate of barium are formed according to the following equation:
- chlorate of potash may be substituted for chlorate of soda or for any other soluble chlorate, or several may be used together, as well known.
- Anilin salt (hydrochlorate or one equivalent,) twelve hundred and ninety-five grams; sulfo-cyanate (soluble) of ammonia, crystallized, or one equivalent, seven hundred and sixty grams; chlorate of soda, or two-thirds of an equivalent containing four equivalents of oxygen, seven hundred and ten grams.
- snlfo-cyanate soluble ofamnionia, crystallized, seven hundred and sixty grams; crystallized chlorid of manganese, seven hundred and fifty grams; chlorate of soda, seven hundred and ten grams.
- the substances are dissolved separately and mixed lukewarm, while I add enough water to make a total volume of thirteen liters, and after cooling I add to the bath one gram of vanadate of ammonia dissolved in one hundred grams of water.
- the fibrous materials impregnated with this mixture take a beautiful black by aging, that is, by exposing to air in aging-rooms or aging-machines. By progressively increasing the proportion of the chlorate as much as six equivalents of oxygen may be supplied.
- the wool chlorinated as indicated by Lightfoot or treated by any other known process can be well dyed black with my process.
Description
sulf0-cyanate of anilin.
UN TED STATE PATENT OFFICE.
WILLIAM JULES SAMUEL GRAWITZ, OF NOGENT-SUR-MARNE, FRANCE.
PROCESS OF DYEING.
SPECIFIGATION fOrmiDg part of Letters Patent No. 577,29 3, dated February 16, 1897. Application filed January 18,1895. Serial No. 535,347. (No specimens.) Patented in Belgium July 9, 1894, No.110,914; in
Italy January 5,1895, LXXIV, 292 inI'ranOe January 5,
1895.110. 244,121; in Hungary January 10, 1895,11'0. 5,580;
in England February 6, 1895, No. 2,614; in Austria February 10, 1895, N0. 41, and in $pain March 30, 1895,1Io, 16,831.
To all whom it may concern.
Be it known that I,WILLIAM J ULEs SAMUEL GRAWITZ, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing in Nogent-s ur-Marne, in said Republic of France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Dyeing or Printing Fibers in Black, or Shades Approaching Thereto, (for which Letters Patent were granted to me in Great Britain, No. 2, 614, dated February 6,1895; in Belgium, No. 110,914,dated July 9,1894; in Spain,No. 16,831, dated March 30, 1895 in France, No. 244,121, dated January 5, 1895; in Hungary, No. 5,580, dated January 10, 1895; in Austria, N0. 41, dated February 10, 1895, and in Italy, No. LXXIV, 292, dated January 5, 1895,) of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to an improved process of dyeing or printing vegetable textile fibers, silk, or wool black, or shades approaching thereto, with anilin, its homologues, or
The sulfate of barium isthen separated by filtering and a pure solution of sulfo-cyanate of anilin-is obtained. The sulfo-cyanate of anilin is also formed by mixing the nitrate or the hydrochlorate of anilin with a soluble sulfo-cyanate, such as that of barium, calcium, or ammonia; but in these cases the sulfo-cyanate of anilin cannot be separated because the nitrates or the chlorids of barium, calcium, or ammonium, which have been formed by double decomposition, are themselves soluble like the sulfo-cyanate of anilin; but such a mixture acts practically in the same manner as the purified and isolated On the contrary, by mixing a solution of a salt of anilin, such as nitrate or hydrochlorate of anilin, with an insoluble sulfo-cyanate no double decomposition will take place.
I would have it understood that two or more solublesulfo-cyanates may be used together, similarly that two or moresalts of .anilin maybe employed together, for instance,
hydrochlorate of anilin and nitrate of anilin, likewise that vanadate of ammonia may be used conjointly with another soluble vanaderivatives. Fibers which are dyed by means of a salt of anilin (or of one of its homologues or derivatives) under the oxidizing action of a chlorate (the color being developed by aging, that is, byexposing to air in aging-rooms or in aging-machines after drying) are liable to become weakened.
The object of the present invention is to overcome this defect by oxidizing the sulfocyanate of anilin instead of the nitrate or chlorhy'drate or other salts already used for the transformation in black.
The sulfo-cyanate of anilin may be obtained in combining directly the sulfo-cyanic acid (OHNS) with the anilin. It may also be obtained by double decomposition. In mixing, for example, a solution of sulfo-cyanate of barium (ONS) Ba+2H O, with a heated solution of sulfate of anilin, a soluble sulfo-cyanate of anilin and an insoluble sulfate of barium are formed according to the following equation:
date. In the same way chlorate of potash may be substituted for chlorate of soda or for any other soluble chlorate, or several may be used together, as well known. I do not confine myself to the use of pure anilin that yields black, as this process is applicable to its homologues, such as toluidins, xylidins, or derivatives, such as paraphenylenediamin, and in general to all artificial amins known to yield colors approaching black with the decomposition products of the chlorates, whether for printing or for dyeing purposes and whether the matters to be treated are unbleached 0r dyed, in the raw state, spun or woven, or in course of manufacture.
I will here indicate, merely by way of two examples, the preparation of the dye-baths.
First example: Anilin salt, (hydrochlorate or one equivalent,) twelve hundred and ninety-five grams; sulfo-cyanate (soluble) of ammonia, crystallized, or one equivalent, seven hundred and sixty grams; chlorate of soda, or two-thirds of an equivalent containing four equivalents of oxygen, seven hundred and ten grams.
Second example: Anilin salt, (hydrochlorate,) twelve hundred and ninety-five grams;
snlfo-cyanate (soluble) ofamnionia, crystallized, seven hundred and sixty grams; crystallized chlorid of manganese, seven hundred and fifty grams; chlorate of soda, seven hundred and ten grams.
In both examples the substances are dissolved separately and mixed lukewarm, while I add enough water to make a total volume of thirteen liters, and after cooling I add to the bath one gram of vanadate of ammonia dissolved in one hundred grams of water. The fibrous materials impregnated with this mixture take a magnificent black by aging, that is, by exposing to air in aging-rooms or aging-machines. By progressively increasing the proportion of the chlorate as much as six equivalents of oxygen may be supplied.
I would have it understood that the proportion above indicated may be varied. I can greatly diminish, for instance, the proportion of the sulfo cyanate, as the sulfocyanate appears to have a specific preservative action.
In conclusion I would remark that in order to obtain a good color on silk it is preferable to repeat the dyeing operation two or more times.
The wool chlorinated as indicated by Lightfoot or treated by any other known process can be well dyed black with my process.
Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- The process herein described of dyeing or printing vegetable textile fibers, prepared wool or silk by means of the sulfo-cyanate of anilin or its homologues as set forth, which consists in treating the fibers with a mixture of a salt of anilin with a soluble cyanate capable of forming the sulfo-cyanate of anilin by double decomposition, and developing the color by the oxidizing of the chlorate in presence of a salt of vanadium, substantially as described.
In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.
WILLIAM JULES SAMUEL GRAWITZ.
Viitnesses:
GREGORY PHELAN, EDOUARD HENRIGUEZ.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US577295A true US577295A (en) | 1897-02-16 |
Family
ID=2645985
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US577295D Expired - Lifetime US577295A (en) | William jules samuel grawitz |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US577295A (en) |
-
0
- US US577295D patent/US577295A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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