US577182A - Manufacture of alloys of copper and iron - Google Patents
Manufacture of alloys of copper and iron Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US577182A US577182A US577182DA US577182A US 577182 A US577182 A US 577182A US 577182D A US577182D A US 577182DA US 577182 A US577182 A US 577182A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- iron
- copper
- alloys
- alloy
- manufacture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 24
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 88
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 44
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 40
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 40
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 24
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 240000002799 Prunus avium Species 0.000 description 6
- 102100010735 RUBCN Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 101710029688 RUBCN Proteins 0.000 description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 copper-iron Chemical compound 0.000 description 4
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 206010022114 Injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102100005228 PARPBP Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101710040692 PARPBP Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004166 bioassay Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
Definitions
- the object of my invention is to produce a homogeneous alloy of the two metals, copper and iron, and in definite predetermined proportions, and thus realize the practical manufacture of a product which, while it has the general characteristics of copper, is by the addition of the iron given other characteristics, among which are hardness and tenacity.
- I use crucibles, preferably graphite, or any proper melting-furnace.
- the copper is placed in the crucible or furnace, and when it has reached a heat which may vary between cherry and very bright red I add to it a certain quantity of a mixture consisting of oxalic acid and resin.
- I preferably use about two-thirds oxalic acid to about one-third resin; but this proportion need not be strictly adhered to, as
- the alloy may contain small proportions of various metals in addition to the iron without afiecting the action of the mixture, or
- Vhat I claim is 1. The process of producing a homogeneous alloy of copper and iron, which consists in subjecting the copper to heat, until it becomes of a cherry or very bright red, and subsequently adding the required quantity of a mixture composed of a resin and oxalic acid,
Description
V UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE;
AIME FELIX vIc'roR MARIE BARON, OF PARIs, FRANCE, AssIcNOR TO THE BARON MANUFACTURING COMPANY, on NEW YORK.
MANUFACTURE OF ALLOYS OF COPPER AND IRON.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 577,182, dated February 16, 1897.
\ Application filed April 22, 1896. Serial No. 588,535. ($pecimens.)
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, AIME FELIX VICTOR MARIE BARON, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Paris, France, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Manufacture of Alloys of Copper and Iron, of which the following is a specification.
Many attempts have heretofore been made to produce alloys of copper and iron or copper and one of the alloys of iron. Such alloys have been produced in isolated laboratory experiments, and the few physical tests that have been made have proved that they are both hard and tenacious. The difficulty encountered by all experimenters, however, is that when the two metals are melted together or melted separate and mixed in a melted condition, or an attempt made to dissolve iron in a bath of copper, they do not produce a homogeneous alloy, and the resulting ingots exhibit segregation to such a degree as to render the product unreliable and unfit for general use in the arts. Further, it has been also found impossible to obtain a homogeneous alloy of copper and iron containing a pre determined amount of each metal, for the reason that the metals when heated are subjected to oxidation to such an indefinite extent that the alloy produced will upon assay show that the relative proportion of the two metals has been materially altered.
For the above reasons copper-iron alloys have never been made use of in mechanical constructions.
The object of my invention is to produce a homogeneous alloy of the two metals, copper and iron, and in definite predetermined proportions, and thus realize the practical manufacture of a product which, while it has the general characteristics of copper, is by the addition of the iron given other characteristics, among which are hardness and tenacity.
To carry my invention into effect, I use crucibles, preferably graphite, or any proper melting-furnace. The copper is placed in the crucible or furnace, and when it has reached a heat which may vary between cherry and very bright red I add to it a certain quantity of a mixture consisting of oxalic acid and resin. I preferably use about two-thirds oxalic acid to about one-third resin; but this proportion need not be strictly adhered to, as
a considerable deviation from it does not prevent useful action. WVhen the copper is melted, I introduce the iron in the required proportion, either hot or cold, but preferably hot.
By the term iron I wish to be understood as referring to the iron of trade or the alloys of iron and carbon, such as are commonly known as steel or cast-iron. I have obtained useful results by the addition of fifty grams of the above-described mixture of oxalic acid and resin to one hundred kilograms of alloy; but this proportion may be considerably departed from, even to doubling the quantity of the described mixtu re,without injury to the result, the action, in my opinion, being simply by presence and not by chemical combination; or, in other words, the
in the copper, forming What may be termed a solidified solution of iron in copper, or otherwise a homogeneous copper-iron alloy. The alloy may contain small proportions of various metals in addition to the iron without afiecting the action of the mixture, or
other metals may be added when the special qualities which they impart are desired. I, however, wish it understood that my invention contemplates the direct solution of iron in copper and that any indirect method-s uch,
for instance, as the solution of iron in zinc and the subsequent mixture of such alloy with I copper- -is not within the principle embodied in my invention.
In this manner I produce an alloy contain- 0 ing copper and iron in certain definite fixed proportions, these proportions varying according to the required physical qualities of the finished product. Thus, if a soft metal is wanted, the proportions would be about as follows: copper, ninety-five per cent., iron, five per cent. The resultant metal or alloy will become tougher and harder as the proportion of iron is increased, until, when it reaches fifty per cent., an alloy will be produced of exceeding hardness. The alloy thus obtained may be rolled or drawn into wire with greater or less facility, according to the proportion of iron. It may also be cast into shapes.
I am aware that it has heretofore been suggested to alloy iron with copper for the purpose of adding a new characteristic to the iron and for the purpose of improving the quality of the iron. Such attempts, however, have not proved successful and have not, so far as I am aware, gone into general use, and, further, such is not the purpose of my invention, which, as previously stated, is to produce a new product which shall be a solidified solu tion of iron in copper, have the general characteristics of copper, and which is capable of being treated in the manner of copper and useful as a substitute for copper, but which shall also have other characteristics not possessed by copper, but approaching nearer to those of iron.
I make no claim in this application to the product herein described, as the same has been made the subject of a separate application, filed December 10, 1896, Serial No. (315,203.
Vhat I claim is 1. The process of producinga homogeneous alloy of copper and iron, which consists in subjecting the copper to heat, until it becomes of a cherry or very bright red, and subsequently adding the required quantity of a mixture composed of a resin and oxalic acid,
and finally adding the required quantity of iron. 7
2. The process of producing a solution of iron in copper, which consists in eiiecting said solution by heat, and in the presence of carbon monoxid, carbon dioxid and water produced by the decomposition of an oxalate or other similar organic salt.
3. The process of producing a homogeneous alloy of copper and iron, which consists in adding to the metals, when subjected to heat, a mixture composed of a resin and an oxalate or other similar organic salt, which on decomposition by heat, evolves carbon monoxid, carbon dioXid and water.
4. The process of producing a homogeneous alloy of copper and iron, which consists in subjecting the copper to heat, until it becomes of a cherry or very bright red, and subsequently adding the required quantity of a mixture composed of a resin and an oxalate or other similar organic salt, which on decom position by heat evolves carbon monoxid, carbon dioXid and water, and finally adding the required quantity of iron.
In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.
AIME FELIX VICTOR MARIE BARON.
IVitnesses:
F. R. OoUDERT, Jr., CHARLES A. CoNLoN.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US577182A true US577182A (en) | 1897-02-16 |
Family
ID=2645872
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US577182D Expired - Lifetime US577182A (en) | Manufacture of alloys of copper and iron |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US577182A (en) |
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0
- US US577182D patent/US577182A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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