US575703A

US575703A - Metal planing or cutting machine

Info

Publication number: US575703A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1897-01-26
Anticipated expiration: 1914-01-26

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

' J; A. COSTELLO. v

METAL PLANING 0R CUTTING MACHINE- NO. 575,703. I Patented Jan. 26, 1897.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH A. COSTELLO, OE CLEVELAND, OHIO.

METAL PLANING OR CUTTING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 575,703, dated January 26, 1897.

Application filed May 11, 1896. Serial No. 591,080. (No model.)

To all whom it nuty concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH A. COSTELLO, of Cleveland, Ouyahoga county, Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Metal Planing or Cutting Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in metal planing or cutting machines; and it consists, first, in a tool-holder for such 1nachineshaving a double-acting tool adapted to cut forwardly and rearwardl y, and, second, in certain novel and meritorious features of construction and combinations of parts, hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front side elevation of my improved toolholder for a metal planing or cutting machine. Aportion of the tool-bearin g apron and apronbearing frame are broken away and in section in this figure to more clearly show the means instrumental in retaining said apron in its perpendicular or normal position. Fig. 2 is a right-hand side elevation of the toolholder. This figure shows in solid lines the tool in its perpendicular or normal position and shows in dotted lines the tool swung forwardly with its rear cutting edge in an operative position. Fig. is a top plan, and in this figure portions are broken away and in section to more clearly show certain features in the construction. Fig. 4 is a right-hand side elevation, partly in section, and shows in solid lines the tool swung rearwardly by the work as required to render the forward cutting edge of the tool operative. Fig. 5 is a front side elevation having portions removed or broken away and in section to more clearly show the construction.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the rear vertically-arran ged supportin g-plate of the tool. Plate A in the application of the tool-holder of a metal planing or cutting machine is secured to the latters cross-arm in the usual manner.

B designates the tool-bearing apron, arranged centrally of the forward side of plate A, between the two forwardly-proj ectin g vertically-arranged parallel flanges A A of plate A. Apron Bis journaled at its upper end upon the horizontally-arranged shaft 0, that is journaled at its ends in said flanges A, formed upon the forward side of, as already indicated, and preferably integral with plate A.

Any suitable number of comparatively narrow plates I) extend transversely of the forward side of apron B, between the upper and lower extremities of the apron, and are rigdly secured to the latter. Plates I) afford a rear bearing for the cutting-tool D, that is clamped in an upright position to plates 1) by the well-known means of studs B, plates E, and nuts Z). Studs B are rigid with and project forwardly of the apron. Plates E are upon said studs and bear against the front side of the cutting-tool, and nuts I) are mounted upon the studs at the forward sides of said plates E, and are instrumental in securing the cutting-tool rigidly in position.

The cutting-tool is of the double-acting variety and is consequently provided at its lower end with two cutting edges D D formed at the forward extremity and rear extremity, respectively,'of said end of the tool and designed to cut forwardly and rearwardly, respectivel y. The tool-bearing apron, and consequently the tool, in the latters idle or normal position hangs perpendicularly, as shown in solid lines, Fig. 2, and the tool, and consequently the tool-bearing apron, is swung forwardly or rearwardly, according as the work V to be planed or cut is fed forwardly or rearwardly and according as the tools rear cutting edge or the forward cutting edge is to operate upon the work.

Stops for limiting the swinging movement of the tool-bearing apron and attached tool in opposite directions are provided. The forward stop, provided for limiting the forward swinging movement of the tool-bearing apron, consists, preferably, of two upright shoulders g g, formed upon opposite ends, respectively, of a yoke G, that extends across the forward side of the apron and around the front of the tool and is secured in any approved manner to plate A. Shoulders g are arranged to be engaged by the forward side of the apron in the latters forwardly-swung position and are preferably somewhat undercut, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, to afiord a suitable bearing for the apron in said position. Yoke G is provided, preferably, with a screw II, arranged to be engaged by the front side of the tool when the latter is actuated into its forward extreme position and afford abearing for the tool in said position and prevent strain upon the means instrumentalin securing the tool to the apron.

The rear stops for the tool-bearing apron and instrumental in limiting the rearward swinging movement of said apron and the attached tool comprise, preferably, a pair of wedges I 1, arranged a suitable distance apart horizontally at the forward side of plate A and arranged, furthermore,with their smaller ends facing each other, as shown in Fig. 3, and with their forward sides converging toward said smaller or inner ends. A right and left handed horizontally-arranged screw K extends through said wedges, and the different wedges are mounted upon opposite portions, respectively, of the screw and have their screw-engaging holes correspondingly threaded. Screw K extends through the forwardly-projecting flanges A of plate A and is rendered stationary in any approved manner, and the arrangement of parts is such that the wedges are moved toward or from each other, according as the screw is turned in the one direction or the other.

The central portion of the rear side of the tool-bearing apron is shaped to correspond with the forward sides of wedges I I, so that when the apron and attached tool are swung into their rearward position said apron conforms to the ample bearing-surface afforded by said wedges forward sides that is, the rear side of the apron has two rearwardlyconverging surfaces B having the trend required to render them parallel with the forward sides of the different wedges, respectively, when the apron is swung into its rearward position. The arrangement of parts is of course such that in the perpendicular or normal position of the apron and attached tool a space or clearance J (see Fig. 3) is had between the apron and the forward sides of the wedges in any one of the adjustments of the wedges, and the forward sides of the wedges also have a trend downwardly and rearwardly (see Fig. 4) to conform to the rearward inclination of the tool-bearing apron when the latter is in its rearwardly-swung position.

By the construction hereinbefore described it will be observed that the clearance or space between the forward sides of the wedges and rearside of the tool-bearing apron is increased or decreased according as the wedges are adjusted from or toward each other, and that the distance which the apron and attached tool are swung rearwardly by the work preparatory to the operation of the forward cutting edge of the tool is decreased or increased according as the aforesaid space is decreased or increased, and it will furthermore be observed that by said construction any imperfection in the grinding of the lower end of the cutting-tool, resulting in the location of the tool-cutting edges out of line horizontally, merely requires the proper adjustment of the wedges and no regrinding of the tool. It is of course obvious that both cutting edges of a tool of the character indicated should have the same depth of cut in their operation, and unless one of the stops for limiting the swinging movements of the tool-bearing apron of the attached tool possesses the capacity of being adjustable, as the wedgeforming stops hereinbefore described, a tool having its cutting edges out of line horizontally would have to be reground.

The cutting-tool is arranged forward of the aprons axis, and the forward cutting edge is consequently lowered upon swinging the toolbearing apron rearwardly and rendering said cutting edge operative. Hence if the tools rear cutting edge extends below the forward cutting edge in the perpendicular or normal position of the tool wedges I I are adjusted apart the distance required to increase the extent of rearward movement of the toolbearing apron and cause the forward cutting edge in its operative position to have the same elevation relative to the rearwardlymoving work as the tools rear cutting edge has during the forward movement of the work. Suitable means for maintaining parallelism between the opposing surfaces of the wedges and the tool-bearing apron in any ad justment of the wedges during the rearwardlyswung position of the apron is also provided, and comprises, preferably, a suitable curvature of the upwardly and downwardly extending rear convex surfaces of the wedges and correspondingly-engaging concave surface of plate Ain eon j unction with suitablyinclined surfaces formed at the inner sides of the forwardly-projecting flanges of plate A at the forward sides of the wedges. For instance, each flange A, upon its inner side and at the forward end of the adjacent wedge, is provided with a small plate L, that is rigidly secured to the flange in any approved man ner, and is provided with a downwardly and inwardly inclined flange L, whose opposing surfaces constitute two parallel downwardly and inwardly extending inclines, and the adjacent wedge en gages the rearward one of said inclines and has an arm I, projecting under and forward of and engaging the forward side of the forward incline. By this construction it is obvious that when the wedges are adjusted apart their engagement with the rear inclines forces them upwardly upon the forward side of plate A, and when the wedges are adjusted toward each other the engagement of their arms I with the forward inclines forces them downwardly upon the forward side of plate A, and the arrangement of parts and the euiwature of the opposing surfaces of plate A and the wedges are such that parallelism shall always be obtained between the wedges forward sides and the tool-bearing aprons rear side when said apron is swung into its rearward position preparatory to the operation of the cutting tools forward cutting edge.

The holes A in flanges A, through which screw K extends, are of course elongated vertically to accommodate the up and down movements of the wedges.

Means for positively returning the toolbearing apron and attached tool to the perpendicular or normal position at the end of each stroke or movement of the work is provided, and comprises, preferably, a pin M, (see Figs. 1 and 3,) arranged horizontally and adapted to move endwise of a hole A extending horizontally through the lower portion of the flange A at the left-hand side of plate A, and at its inner end engaging a hole 13 in the left-hand edge of the tool-bearing apron. The inner end of pin M has its forward and rear sides tapering or converging toward the pins inner extremity, (see Fig. 3,) and the forward and rear side walls of hole B correspondingly taper or converge inwardly. A spring 0, suitably secured to the aforesaid flange A of plate A, acts to force pin M inwardly, and a nut m, mounted upon the outer externally-screw-threaded portion of pin M and having its outer end engaged or borne upon bysaid spring, is instrumental in adjusting the springs tension-that is, the tension of the spring is increased upon actuating the nut outwardly by turning the nut in the one direction and is decreased upon shifting the nut inwardly by turning it in the opposite direction. When the tool-bearing apron is swung in the one direction or the other by the work preparatory to the operation of the tool, pin M is shifted outwardly against the action of spring 0. The peculiarly-arranged tapering inner end of the pin and correspondingly shaped and arranged hole in the apron accommodate said outward shifting of the pin, and the arrangement of parts is preferably such that the pin shall in no instance entirely leave the engaging hole in the apron; but as soon as the work being operated upon has reached the end of its stroke or movement in either direction spring 0 will actuate pin M inwardly, and thereby return the apron and attached tool into their perpendicular ornormal position, as required. preparatory to the tools engagement by the work upon feeding the latter in the opposite direction.

The importance of holding or retaining either one of the tools cutting edges during the actuation of said edge into its operative position at the same elevation at which it is held in the perpendicular or normal position and thereby enable th e attendant. preparatory to the cutting operation, to quickly gage the depth of cut by adjusting the tool accordingly when the tool is in its perpendicular or normal position, and, furthermore, to enable the attendant to reverse the work at any point between the ends of the works stroke or movement without altering the depth of cut ormutilating the work, is obvious, and the object indicated in the immediately-preceding lines I accomplish by operatively connecting the apron, preferably at or near its lower end, with the lower end of a vertically and forwardly and rearwardly tilting lever P, that is fulcrumed horizontally at or near its central portion at P to the right-hand flanges A of plate A, and is operativelyconnected at its upper end, by means of a link Q, with the crank O of the oscillating cam and crank-shaft O, that bears the tool-bearing apron. The portion of said shaft within the apron is suitably shaped to form a circular cam 0 It must be borne in mind that the tool is arranged forward of the axis of the supporting-apron, and that when the tool is swung forwardly, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 2, to bring its rear cutting edge into an operative position by the forwardly-moving work said cutting-edge would, if the aprombearing shaft were a plain shaft, be elevated; but said cutting edge should be lowered and not elevated, in order to keep it at the same elevation relative to the work, and it is obvious that said edge will be lowered during the forward movement of the tool if the arrangement of parts is such that the greatest radius of the cam remains forward of the shafts axis during said movement of the tool, and consequently the arrangement of parts is such that in the perpendicular or normal position of the tool-bearing apron the cam has its greatest radius, extending such a distance forwardly of the shafts axis that the rear cutting edge of the tool shall be lowered during the forward movement of the tool the distance requiredto keep the edge in the same horizontal plane during said movement.

If shaft 0 were a plain shaft, the forward cutting edge would be lowered during the rearward swinging movement of the toolbearing apron; but by the construction and arrangement of parts hereinbefore described the apron-engaging end of lever P, when the tool-bearing apron is swung rearwardly, as shown in solid lines, Fig. 4, is tilted rearwardly and the cam oscillated in the directionrequired to gradually elevate the apron and attached tool, and the forward cutting edge during the sweep of the tool from the latters perpendicular position to said cutting edges operative position, is kept at the same elevation relative to the work.

The connection of the lower end of leverP with the tool-bearing apron is preferably by means of a pin or lug B formed upon the apron and engaging a hole P in the lever, and said lug or pin fits the engaging hole widthwise of the hole, but the latter is elongated longitudinally of the lever to accommodate the latters operation.

What I claim is 1. In a tool-holder of the character indicated, the combination of the tool-bearing apron capable of being swung forwardly and rearwardly of its perpendicular or normal position, and having its tool provided with two cutting edges D and D arranged at the forward extremity and rear extremity, respectively, of the tools lower end; means for limiting the forward sweep of the apron; two suitably-supported wedges arranged a suitable distance apart at the rear side of the apron, with their smaller ends facing each other, and with their forward sides converging rearwardly toward each other and sloping, also, rearwardly in a downward direction, suitable means for adjusting the wedges apart, and the arrangement of parts being substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a tool-holder of the character indicated, the combination with the tool-bearing apron capable of being swung forwardly and rearwardly of itsperpendicular or normal position, and having its cutting-tool provided with two cutting edges D, D formed at the forward extremity and rear extremity, respectively, of the tools lower end, and the rear side of the apron having the two rearwardly-converging surfaces 13 of means for limiting the aprons forward sweep; two wedges I I arranged rearward of the different surfaces 13*, respectively, with their smaller ends facing each other, and with their for ward sides converging rearwardly and sloping, also, downwardly in a rearward direction; a stationary right and left handed screw for adjusting the wedges apart, and the parts being arranged substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a tool-holder of the character indi cated, the combination with the tool-bearing apron capable of being swung forwardly and rearwardly of its perpendicular or normal position, and having its tool provided with two cutting edges, D D formed at the forward extremity and rearward extremity, respectively, of the tools lower end, and the aprons rear side comprising two rearwardly-converging surfaces B of two suitably-supported wedges I I arranged rearward of said different converging surfaces, respectively, and arranged with their smaller ends facing each other, and with their forward sides convergin g rearward] y and sloping, also, rearwardly in a downward direction; means for adjustin g the wedges toward and from each other, and means instrumental in establishing parallelism between the forward sides of the wedges and adjacent sloping surfaces of the apron in the rearwardly-swung position of the apron in readjusting the wedges, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4-. In a tool-holder of the character indicated, the combination with the upright plate A and the tool-bearing apron supported from and at the forward side of said plate, and capable of being swung forwardly and rearwardly of its perpendicular or normal position, and having a tool provided with two cutting edges formed at the forward extremity and rear extremity, respectively, of the tools lower end, and the rear side of said apron comprising two rearwardly-eonverging surfaces B of means for limiting the aprons forward sweep; two wedges I I rearward of the different sloping surfaces, respectively, of the apron, and movable upwardly and downwardly of the forward side of the aforesaid plate, said wedges being arranged with their smaller ends facing each other, and havin g their forward sides converging rearwardly and sloping, also, downwardly in a rearward direction; means for adjusting the wedges toward and from each other; a stationary downwardly and inwardly inclined member at the forward side of each wedge and having its rear side engaging the forward extremity of said wedge, an arm on the latter engaging the forward side of said inclined member, and the parts being so arranged and the trend of the opposing surfaces of the aforesaid plate and wedges being such that parallelism between the forward sides of the wedges and adjacent sloping surfaces of the apron is established in the rearwardly-swnng position of the apron in readjusting the wedges, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a tool of the character indicated, the combination of the upright plate A concave upon its forward side and having two forwardly- 'nojectin g flanges A arranged a suitable distance apart; the tool-bearing apron hung between the upper ends of said flanges and capable of being swung rearwardly and forwardly of its perpendicular or normal position and having a tool provided with two cutting edges formed at the forward extremity and rear extremity, respectively, of the tools lower end, and said aprons rear side having two rearwardlyconverging surfaces 13*; a wedge I arranged rearward of each of said sloping surfaces, and the two wedges arranged with their smaller ends facing each other, and with their forward sides converging rearwardly, and sloping, also, downwardly in a rearward direction, and having their rear sides convex to render the wedges capable of sliding upwardly and downwardly of the aforesaid concave surface of the apron-supporting plate; means for adjusting the wedges toward and from each other; a plate L secured to the inner side of each of the aforesaid flanges and provided with a downwardly and inwardly inclined flange L having its rear side engaging the ad jaeent wedge, and the latter having an arm I engaging the forward side of said inclined flange, substantially as shown, for the purpose specified.

(3. In a tool-holder of the character indicated, the combination with the suitably-suspended tool-bearing apron capable of being swung rearwardly and forwardly of its perpendicular or normal position and provided, in one of its edges, with a recess or hole having its forward and rear side walls converging inwardly; of a suitably-supported pin movable endwise and extending into the aforesaid hole, and having the forward and rear sides of its inner end converging inwardly, and a spring acting to retain said pin in the latters inner position, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In a tool-holder of the character indicated, the combination with the suitably-suspended tool-bearing apron capable of being swung rearwardly and forwardly of its perpendicular or normal position and provided, in one of its edges, with a recess or hole havin gits forward and rear side walls converging inwardly; of a suitably-supported pin movable endwise and arranged to extend centrally into the aforesaid hole in the aprons normal position and-having the forward and rear sides of its inner end converging inwardly and having its outer portion externally screw-threaded; a nut engaging the pins threaded portion,

and a spring bearing against the outer end of the nut, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In a tool-holder of the character indicated, the combination of a suitably-supported horizontally-arranged oscillating shaft provided with a cam; the tool-bearing apron mounted, at its upper end, upon the cam; mechanism for raising and lowering the apron, said mechanism being operatively connected with the aforesaid shaft, and the arrangement of parts being such that the apron shall be lowered or elevated, according as it is swung forwardly or rearwardly of its normal position, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. In a tool-holder of the character indicated, the combination of a suitably-supported horizontally-arranged oscillating shaft O provided with a crank O and a cam 0 the tool-bearing apron mounted, at its upper end, upon the cam, and lever mechanism operatively connecting the lower end of the apron with the aforesaid crank, and the arrangement of parts being such that the apron shall be lowered or elevated according as it is swung forwardly or rearwardly of its normal position, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

10. In a tool-holder of the character indicated, the combination of a suitably-supported horizontally-arranged shaft 0 provided with a crank O and a cam C the toolbearing apron mounted, at its upper end, upon the cam; a forwardly and rearwardly vertically-tilting lever P operatively connected, at its lower end with the aprons lower end, and the link Q operatively connecting the upper end of said lever with the wrist of the aforesaid crank, and the arrangement of parts being such that the apron shall be lowered or elevated according as it is swung forwardly or rearwardly of its normal position, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification, in the presence of two witnesses, this 1st day of May, 1896.

JOSEPH A. COSTELLO.

\Vitnesses:

0. H. Donna, ELLA E. TILDEN.