US574784A - Pneumatic tool - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. G. CARLINET.

PNEUMATIG TOOL. No. 574,784. Patented Jan. 5, 1897.

Sml QWMN.; m. M

WW1/wow j wwf M (No Model.) v2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. G. CAR'LINET.

PNEUMATIG TOOL.'

- Patented Ja11. 5, 1897.-

RMN.. q Q M.

Y @NEEM y Mib/www la UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

JOHN G. CARLINET, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

PN EU MATIC TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 574,784, dated January 5, 1897.

Application led May 19, 1896. Serial No. 592,208.` tNo model.)

To all whom t 'may concern.-

Be itknown that I, JOHN G. CARLINET, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneu matic Tools; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in pneumatic tools for cutting stone, metal, and other substances, and has for its object the providing of a tool adapted to be operated by air or other Huid pressure in such a manner as to deliver a sharp quick blow to the chisel or cutting-tool while impartingthe least possible Vibration to the hand of the operator.

This invention consists of the novel construction and arrangement of parts, as will be hereinafter more fully explained.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a central longitudinal sectional view of the tool, showing the arrangement of the interior portions and also a portion of a chisel or other cutting-tool carried thereby. Fig. 2 represents a cross-sectional View taken along the line 2 2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 represents a cross sectional view taken along the line 3 3 of Fig. l, and Fig. i represents a cross-sectional view taken along the line 4 4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 represents a central longitudinal sectional View showing the arrangement of the interior portions after the tool has been acted on by a charge of air or iiuid, and Fig. 6 represents a form of handle adapted to be used in connection with the herein-described pneumatic tool to stop the operation of the latter at any desired time.

Similar parts are represented by similar letters throughout the several views.

The tool is provided with a casing A, one end of which engages the tubular screw B, and the rear end of the casing is closed by means of the plug or closing-screw D. The casing A is provided with a recess a, and its cross-section is thickened, as at d', forming an inner dan ge. The tubular screw B is provided with a chamber C and an exhaust-port b, or, instead of having the port b, a port b may be drilled through the front of the screw, in which case the exhaust through port Z2' would act as a blast to remove the chips and dust. The closing-screw D is provided with the ports d, d, and d3.

M represents an anvil held partly by the thickened portion a of the casing and partly within the chamber C. y

L represents a portion of a chisel or other cutting-tool passing through one end of the closing-screw D and held by the anvil M.

N represents a spiral spring within the chamber C and exerting a pressure on the face of the anvil M and on the face of the tubular screw B, and consequently on the casing, so as to normally hold the parts in the position shown in Fig. l. The anvil M is provided with the socket m and ports m and m2.

II represents a central inlet-pipe, one end of which is made solid and shaped to lit the socket m of the anvil and slightly flattened at that end, as at h5. The said pipe is screwthreaded, as at ho, to receive ahose-coupling. This inlet-pipe I-I is provided with a central vpassage or duct h and the ports 7L' and h2.

The top and bottom of the pipe His attened, as at h3, where it passes through the rear end closin g-screw D,the object of which is to afford au exhaust-passage from the chamber F. In order to prevent the pipe I-I from sliding entirely out of the tool, a pin P is inserted, which, engaging the flattened portion of the pipe, will only allowv a movement of the pipe equal in extent only to the length ot' the attened portion thereof.

E represents a plunger or striker adapted to lit snugly within the casing A and to move back and forth under pressure in such a manner as to strike the anvil M and operate the chisel. This plunger M is provided with a central aperture, in which slides the pipe I-I, or the plunger may be said to slide on the pipe H. In the rear end of the said plunger is a cavity e3, and near the other end are the ports e, e', and e2. The space within the casing between the rear end closing-screw and the plunger forms a chamber F, while the space between the other end of the plunger and the anvil and projection a' forms a second chamber K, into both of which chambers the air or other fluid under pressure passes and imparts the requsite motion to the moving parts.

The operator having placed the point or blade of the chisel against the surface to be eut, he holds the chisel with one hand while he presses the pipe II with the other until he feels it come in contact with the anvil. Then so held, the parts of the tool may be said to be in theirinitial positions for action, and the operation of the tool from this point is as follows:

Referring to Fig. l, which represents the parts in their initial positions, it will be seen that the parts are so arranged that the ehamber F is in direct com munie-ation with the passage 7L, and the chamber K is open to exhaust through the ports 'm2, chamber C, and port l). In this position the air or other fluid under pressure enters the chamber F from the central duct h through the ports h', d, and d. The plunger E, then being the portion which presents the least resistance to the air or other iiuid, will be driven quickly forward, striking a sharp blow on the anvil M. rl`he plunger E, after-striking the anvil,stops against the same, and the air in chamber F, reacting on the face of the closing-screw D, will force the whole casing backward, compressing the spring N until the parts assume the position shown in Fig. 5. In this position the chamber F is now open to exhaust through the ports CZ', d, d3, and d4, and the chamber K is open to the air or other fluid supply from duet L through ports h2, e, c', and e2, while the exhaust to that chamber is closed. Then the parts assume the above position, the air or other uid under pressure entering the chamber K forces the plunger back, and the easing and other parts assume their initial positions. The motive fluid may now be again admitted and the operation repeated. It will be seen that when .the plunger E moves forward under pressure of the air or other fluid in the chamber F the port e comes in front of the port h2, but it will be observed that the admission of air or other fluid into the chamber K will not take place until the port c? comes in front of the recess a through the backward motion of the easing, as above described.

Instead of exhausting the air or fluid from chamber F through ports d, d', d3, and CZ a port e4 may bc drilled through the easing, so that when the parts assume the position shown in Fig. 5 the exhaust will take place through e4 in the same manner as it would through ports h3, (Z3, the., in supply-pipe II.

rPhe small passage m', communicating with the socket m and port 'm2, acts to relieve any the arrangement shown in Fig. 6, which constitutes a sliding handle.

When such a handle is employed, the central pipe II is modied, as represented by H'. The duct 7L is partitioned, as at h, and two ports 7L7 and 71,8, drilled through the pipe H, communicate with the central duet, one on each side of the partition 7L.

T represents a piece of hose, and V a hose-y coupling screwed to the end of the pipe Il. The sliding handle consists of the casing A', provided at one end with the closing-screw D. An inner sleeve R is carried within the casing, and the space between the said sleeve and the pipe II, which it surrounds, forms the chamber S.

The packing Q is provided to prevent leakage through the ends. It will be seen that in order for the air or other iluid to reach the tool proper, or the duct von the right of the partition hg, it will have to pass from the duct on the rightthrough the port 7L?, chamber S, and port hs. The above can take place when the slidinghan dle occupies the position shown in the figure, but suppose the handle to be moved backward, or to the left, then the port hs would be closed and the admission of air or other fluid to the tool will be cut off.

Then the front face of the easing A' is in contact with the shoulder 7L", then the posi tions of the parts will be such as to admit the air or other fluid into the tool, but when the handle is carried to the left, so that the plug D strikes the portion n of the hose-eouplin g, the air or other iiuid will be 'cut off and the tool will stop its operation.

It will be seen from the above that a tool is provided in which a maximum velocity is imparted to the chisel or cutting-tool witha minimum amount of motion of the casing. This insures a heavy blow by the cuttingtool with small vibration of the hand of the operator.

It will be further observed that the parts are extremely simple and that the tool may be easily taken to pieces and cleaned, but it is obvious that although I have shown only one form of tool the same is capable of modification in proportion and minor changes in construction without departing from the spirit of my invention.

That I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

l. In a pneumatic tool, the combination, with a casin g closed at both ends, of a plunger adapted to move within the said casing, an anvil adapted to be struck by the forward motion of said plunger, a cutting-tool carried by said anvil, and means for admitting and exhausting fluid under pressure at the ends of the said plunger through an alternate motion of the casing, substantially as described.

2. In a pneumatic tool, the combination, with a casing provided with closing-screws at each end, of a plunger adapted to move within the said easing, an anvil also within said casing and adapted to be struck by the forward motion of the said plunger, a central supply- IOO IIO

pipe and means for alternately admittin and exhausting the motive iiuid at the ends of the aforesaid plunger, substantially as described.

3. In a pneumatic tool, the combination, with a casing provided with front and rear closing-screws having admission and exhaust ports, of a plunger provided with ports and adapted to move within the said casing, an anvil also provided with ports and carried by .the aforesaid oasin g an d front closing-screw, acutting-tool carried by the said anvil and passing through said front closing-screw, and a central supply-pipe provided with ports, and passing through the rear end closingscrew, and the plunger, and engaging the said anvil, substantially as described.

4. In a pneumatic tool, the combination with a casing provided with front and rear end closing-screws having admission and exhaust ports, of a plunger provided with ports and adapted to move within the said casing, an anvil provided with ports and carried by the said casing and the front end closingscrew, a cutting-tool carried by the said anvil and passingthrou gh the said front closingscrew, and a central supply-pipe having a solid head, provided with ports and passing through theaforesaid rear end closing-screw and plunger, substantially as described.

5. In a pneumatic tool, the combination with a casing provided with front and rear end closing-screws having admission and eX- haust ports, of a plunger carried Within the said casing, an anvil provided with ports, carried Within the said casing and front closingscreW and adapted to be struck by the for- Ward motion of the plunger,`a cutting-tool carried by the said anvil and passing through the said front closing-screw, a central supply-pipe, made solid at one end, provided with ports and passing through the said rear closing-screw and plunger and adapted to engage said anvil, substantially as described.

6. In a pneumatic tool, the combination, with a casing provided with a rear end closin g-screw having admission and exhaust ports, `of a second closing-screw inserted in the other end of the said casing and provided with exhaust-ports and a central chamber; a plunger provided with ports and adapted to move within said casing; an anvil provided with ports and carried by said casing and front closing-screw 5 a cutting-tool carried by the said anvil, a central supply-pipe made solid at one end, provided With ports and passing through the said rear closing-screw and plunger, and engaging the anvil, substantially as described.

7. In a pneumatic tool, the combination, with a casing, of a closing-screw provided with a central chamber and exhaust-port and inserted in one end of the casing, a rear closingscrew provided with ports and inserted in the other end of the said casing, a plunger provided With ports and adapted to move Within the said casing, an anvil provided With ports and carried Within said casin g and front closing-screw, a cutting-tool carried by the said anvil, means for resisting the foi-Ward motion of the said anvil carried by the said front closing-screw, and a central supply-pipe, provided with ports and adapted to be engaged by the rear end closing-screw plunger and anvil, substantially as described.

S. In a pneumatic tool, the combination with a casing provided at each end with a closing-screw having admission and exhaust ports, of a plunger adapted to move Within said casing, an anvil carried Within said casing and front closing-screw and adapted to be struck by said plunger, a cutting-tool carried by said anvil, a spring adapted toresist the forward motion of the said anvil, and means for admitting and exhausting fluid alter natively to and from both ends of the said plunger, substantially as described.

9. In a pneumatic tool, the combination with a casing provided with closing-screws at each end having admission and exhaust ports, of a plunger provided with ports and adapted to move within the said casing; an anvil carried Within the said casing and provided with ports and front and rear cavities or sockets, a cutting-tool carried by Asaid anvil in the front socket, a spring adapted to resist the forward motion .of the said anvil, and a central supply-pipe provided With ports, passing through the said rear closing-soreT and plunger and adapted to engage the rear socket of the aforesaid anvil, substantially as described.

. l0. In a pneumatic tool, the combination with a casing of a closing-screwT having ports and provided with a central chamber, of a second closingscrew provided with ports and inserted in the other end of said casing, a plunger and ports therein carried Within said casing, an anvil also provided With ports and carried Within the said casing and closing-screw chamber, a cutting-tool carried by said anvil, a spring carried Within said closing-scregv chamber and adapted to resist the forward motion of said anvil, a central inletpipe having a solid head, provided with ports and passing through said rear end closingscreW and plunger and adapted to engage the aforesaid anvil, substantially as described.

1l. In a pneumatic tool, the combination with a casin g, of a closing-soreT provided with a central chamber and ports and inserted in one endof said casing, a second closingscrew provided with ports and inserted in the other end of said casing; a plunger provided with ports and carried Within the said casing; an anvil also provided With ports and carried within the said casin g and closing-screw chamber, a cutting-tool carried by one end of said anvil; a spring carried within said closingscreW chamber and adapted to resist the forward motion of said anvil and carried by said closing-screw chamber; a central supply-pipe having a solid. head at one end and adapted to be connected to the source of Huid-supply at the other provided with ports and passing IOO IIO

through the rear closing-screw and plunger and adapted to engage said anvil, substantially as described.

l2. In a pneumatic tool, the combination With a Casin g, of a closing-screw provided with a central chamber and inserted in one end oi' said casing, a second closing-screw inserted in the other end of said casing, a plunger adapted to move within said easing, an anvil adapted to be struck by said plunger and earried within said casing and closng-serew chamber, a cutting-tool carried by said anvil, a central supply-pipe having a solid head at one end and adapted to be connected with the source of [iuidsupply at the other, provided with ports an d passin g through the rear closing-screw and plunger and adapted to engage the said anvil, and ports provided for the admission and expulsion of the iuid at the ends of the said plunger, substantially as described.

13. In a pneumatic tool, the combination, with a casing provided with closing-screws in each end having admission and exhaust ports; of a plunger provided With ports and carried Within the said easing, an anvil earried Within the said casing and front closingscrew and provided with ports, a cutting-tool carried by the said anvil, a spring carried Within the front closing-screw and adapted to resist the forward motion of the said anvil, a central supply-pipe, having a solid head at one end and adapted to be connected with the source of Huid-supply at the other end, passing through the rear end closing-screw and plunger and engaging the said anvil, means for limiting the motion of the said supply-pipe, substantially as described.

li. In a pneumatic tool, the combination with a sliding casing closed at both ends and adapted to act as a valve, of a plunger earried Within the said Casing, an anvil adapted to be struck by the forward motion of said plunger, a euttingtool carried by the said anvil, and means for admitting and exhausting iluid at the ends of said plunger through the alternate motion of the said easing, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I afix my signature in presence ot' two witnesses.

JOHN G. CARLINE".

Vi'itnesses:

ROBERT A. BEAvEn, ALLAN J. CAssiDv.

Images