US1155282A - Pneumatic hammer. - Google Patents

Description

.Mr SHANEBx PNEUMATIC HAMMER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG27| I9I4.

Patented Sept. 28, 1915.

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I NAGONIUS SHANER, OF BETHLEHEM, EENNSYLVANA.

, FNEUMTIC HAltlll/ER.

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To all whom z'zmay concern.' Be it known that I, Maconins SHANER,

a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Bethlehem, in the county ofNorthampton and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Hammers, of which the following is a specification.

My'invention relates to tools adapted to be vibrated by compressed air, steam, 'ex ploding gases, or the like, and the object lthereof is to provide a device wherein a rapidly reciprocating eleme'. I. is controlled by means o't a valve actuated byvsaid element, and which may not only be used for tools, but may also serv( as an engine, or for rapidly striking a gong on street or other cars provided with a compressed air tank to serve as an alarm, thus avoiding the present necessityon the part of a motorman for banging his foot down repeatedly on the present gong striker actuating means, as merely a push button would suffice and the ringing of the gong would continue as long as the pressure was maintained on the said push button.

A further object is to provide a device of this class which is very simple in construction; which is composed o'tbut few parts whereby the possibility ot derange-v ment isminimized; which rendersthe parts easy of access; and which is very low in initial cost of manufacture, and inl maintenance.

My invention is 'fully described in the following specification, of which the accompanying drawings form a part, in which the separate parts are designated by the same .reference characters iny cach of the views, and in which Figure l 1s a central., vertical, `longitudinal, section taken through the barrel of a pneumatic tool constructed in accordance Specicaton of Letters Patent.

site end of the barrel is externally threaded at 1Q for connection with the head or handle member, not shown.

The partitin 7 is'hored, in line with the side of the bore 5, ,to receive a slide-valve 11, said bore being designatedl l, -said barrel being transverselyv bored at 13 and 1&1 to communicate with the b0re12, and said barrel is also bored at 15 directly in line with the bore 12, the last named bore being approximately in the central, transverse,

plane of the partition 7, whereas the bores 13 and 14 are adjacent corresponding ends or' said partition and, consequently, at the approximate ends of the valve bore 12.

Slidable `in the cylinderl formed by the bore l5 are two pistons 1G and 17, the former of which is connected with a tool socket or clutch 1S slidablc in the opening 9 of the plug 8, and normally held in inward position b v means ot a coil-spring 15), whereas the latter piston, 17, is connected with a piston rod 2U slidable in the partition 7, through a bore 21, and in turn connected with a piston movable in the cylinder formed by the bore (l, the length of the pistou-rod 2() being considerably greater than that ot' the partition 7 to allow reciprocationv of the said rod and connected pistons. rl`he slide-valve 11 consists of a cylindrical bar having three transverse grooves, 23, 24, and 25, therein, ot which 23 is centrally arranged and the others adjacent the ends of the valve, and each of said grooves is of such longitudinal diameter as to permit the operation hereinafter described; these grooves are in the lower surface of the valve 11, and the upper surface thereof is longitudinally lluted 'from each end thereof, 'as shown at and 27, to provide channels -for the actuating fluid, a partition dividing Patented Sept. 28, 1915. 'Application led August 27, 1914. Serial No. 858,828.

the luted ends and being in the exact center oi" the valve but of such length as to permit of its clearing the inlet port formed by the bore 15, on each sido thereof, in the reciprocation of said valve, andsuch reciprocation .is limited by a pin 29 held in the barrel 4,

within the groove 23, and which also serves to maintain the valve against rotary movement.

The parts are in position, in Fig. l, for

'admitting the actuating fluid to the cylinder 5, between the partition 7 and piston 17, and for exhausting spent gases through the groove 24 and bore' 13 leading to the outer air and, if the fluidnbe at this time admitted,`

,indcr 6 is now open to the inlet port 15 and the cylinder 5 vis open to the exhaust port 14 through the groove 25, and the piston 22 is forced to theleft and carries the piston 17 therewith until it strikes the valve 11 and returns the same to the initialk position shown and, as soon as the piston 17 moves inwardly, the spring 19 forces the piston 16 and con* 'nected tool holder inwardly, ready for another impact by the piston 16. When I use iny device in connection with ya gong, the springv 19 serves the additional purpose of forcing the hammer away from the gong to avoid deadening the .fibi'ations of said gong, which would be very likely to occur when the pressure of the fluid held the hammer against the gong, said spring beingmede of slifiicient strength to overcome the iuid `pressure when at its point oi' greatest expansion, and the independence ot the hammer from the piston 17 assists this result; when saidy piston is driven forwardly, it moves the piston 16 and-tool carrier forwardly, the momentum of the piston 16 carrying it faster than the movement of the piston 17 as it approaches its extreme outward stroke, thus permitting the hammer to strike the gong and rebound therefrom, the

`spring maintaining it in its backward or rebound position. s

Inasmuch as the piston 17 is the one performing the effective work, I prefer to make the cylinder 5 of a larger bore, transversely, than that of the cylinder 6, but this is arbitrary, as I will probably make the cylinders of equal bores when I use the device for other purposes, as for an engine.

In view of the state of the art, I have not considered it necessary to show the Huid conduits, nor the starting and stopping le ver, these being not only old but being also subject to considerable latitude inchoice, but

do disclose the very simple method of manufacturing the device, and the very apparent simplicity of the device as a whole,`

and I also wish to draw particular attention f to the very simple, though highly eiicient, valve 11, and the means for maintaining the saine in the desired position, and for limiting` its stroke.

As stated, the device is applicable to various uses, and I reserve the right to make any necessary changes over the details of construction shown and described, within the scope ott the following claiin, to accommodate the device to such other uses.

Having fully described my invention, what l claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

A. device of the class described, comprising a barrel provided with a cylinder in each end and with ay centrally arranged inlet port, a partition arranged centrally ci' said barrel and provided with an outlet port adjacent each end thereof, a piston iii each cylinder, a rod connecting said pistons, a siuilileinental piston in one or" said cylinders adapted to be outwardly actuated by the corresponding one oi said joined pistons, a spring for moving said supplemental piston inwardly, a tool carrier connected with said supplemental piston, and a valve controlling'said ports and slidable in said partition by the impact of said joined pistons thereon, alternately, said valve comprising a cylindrical bar having three transverse grooves in one side thereof, the outer ones of which are adapted for alternate communication with the corresponding piston chambers and exhaust ports, and forming guiding flanges therebetween, and said bar having longitudinally arranged grooves from each end thereof to a 'predetermined point at each side oit' the center of said bai' to forni a partition between the two series of end grooves, and adapted to place the inlet port in communication with the two piston chambers, alternately.

In testimony whereof I have signed my naine to this speciiication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

MACONIUS SEAN ER. lli'itnesses HARRY C. Corn, liiincirr A. Siinuiiur.

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