US568721A - Electric-arc lamp - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

ELECTRIC W. JANDUS;

6 Sheets-sheen 1.

ARG LAMP.

Patented Sept. 29, 1896.

m: Nonms Evans co.

(No Model.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 2. W. JANDUS.

Wowlw Fm: nomas 1L-rens ou PNUTCFUTND., wAsNINToN. Q. c.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-#Sheet 3. W. J ANDUS. ELECTRIC vARC LAMP.

No. 568,721. Patented Sept. 29,1896.

wigasszs 6521 of 5' Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

W. JANDUS. ELECTRIC ARC-LAMP.

No. 568,721. Patented Sept. 29, 1896.

co. vwoftcALlnx/odmsmymmu, n c,

(NdModel.) li Sheets-Sheet 5.

` W. MND-Us.

ELECTRIC ARG' LAMP.

Patented sept. 29, 189.6. y

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WILLIAM JANDUS, OF CLEVELAND, OIIIO.

ELECTRICARC LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 568,721, dated September 29, 1896.

Application tiled March 5, 1896. Serial No. 581,989. (No model.)

To all, whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM JANDUs, of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric-Arc Lamps; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvementI in electric-arc lamps, and more particularly to improvements on the arc-lamp for which Letters Patent were granted to me .Iuly 23, 1895, No. 543,4a5, the object of the present invention being to improve and simplify the construction, in various respects, of the lamp disclosed by said patent, so as to better adapt the leading features embodied to lamps of smaller type.

IVith this object in view the invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations and arrangements of parts, as hereinafter set forth, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanyingdrawings, Figure 1 is a sectional View of my improved lamp. Figs. 2, 3, L1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 are detail views.

A represents a casing, preferably of sheet metal, having an openingin its cap A. A casting 1 is disposed within the cap A and provided with a screw-threaded shank 2, which projects through an opening in the top of the cap. On this shank ahead or knob 3 is screwed and adapted to bear on top the cap A,and said head or knob is made/with openings at 5 for the accommodation of the leading-in wires. The lower portion of the casting 1 is made with an annular internally-screw-threadcd flange 6 for the reception of an externallyscrew-threaded sleeve 7, the latter having an inwardly-projecting annular flange S, which serves to retain in place an internally-screwthreaded collar 9, insulating-washers 10 10 being disposed between said collar and the casting 1 and annular flange S of sleeve 7, respectively. The collar 9 sustains a tube 11, the upper end of which is screwed thereinto. The tube 11 extends downwardlyfrom its support in the cap A', passes through the upper portion of the core 12 of-the separat- 'ing and feeding 1'nagnet,and tcriiiinatcs in of the similarly-shaped upper end of the armature 13, and said core is supported by a collar 15, integral with the upper end of a cylindrical frame or shell 16, ofA iron. A sleeve 17, preferably of brass or Vother'nonmagnetic metal and of an external diameter equal to that of the core 12, is secured at its upper end to the lower end of said core and extends downwardly to a point in proximity to the lower end of the trame or shell 16, where it terminates in alaterally-projecting` annular i'langelS, the periphery of which is disposed under a shoulder 19 near the lower end of said shell. The sleeve 17 forms, with the core 12 and frame or shell 16, an annular compartment 19 for the reception of the coil 2O of the magnet, the annular flange 18 on the sleeve 17 serving as a bottom support for said coil. The armature 13 moves freely and without cushion or contact within the sleeve 17.

From the shoulder 10 an annular flange 21 depends from the magnet frame or shell 16 for the reception of the upper end of a cylinder 22, which is tightly litted to said flange, so as to have good magnetic contact therewith, and forms in eii'ect an extension of said frame or shell. A tubular neck 23 projects downwardly from an d communicates with the cylinder 22 and terminates at its lower end in an inverted-dish-shaped portion 24, which forms the upper portion of the brush-holder, as more fully explained farther on, the portion 25 of said neck being made as small as possible, so that the amount of heat conducted by it will be reduced to a minimum, and the said portion 25 of the neck is braced by means of ribs 25f.

Within the cylinder 22 an iron cup or pan 26 is disposed and secured to the lower end of the armature 13, said cup or pan forming, in cltect, a piston. The cup or pan 26, which constitutes part of the armature 13, has a close but sliding contact with a brass lining *27 in the cylinder 22, said lining serving to prevent actual magnetic contact with the wall of the cylinder, which contact, if perm itted would tend to interfere with the proper operation of the cylinder. From this con struction and arrangement of parts it will be seen that an air-cushion for the armature will be formed below the cup or pan. The upper end ot' the lining 27 may be made with a flange 30, inserted between the upper end of the cylinder 22 and the annular Ilange 18 on the sleeve 1 7. rlhe said lining is extended over the bottom of the cylinder and made with a bulge, as at 3l, and then downwardly, so as to form a lining 32 in the ncck 23. lhe cup or pan 2G is made with a tubular extension 323, which enters the neck 23 and has close but sliding contact with the lining 32, and thus assists in the nntintenance of the air-cushion under the cup or pan while the latterI moves up and down. A tube S-t, the upper end of which terminates within the lower end ot the tubular armature 13, serves to eilcct the operation ot clutch release in a manner presently explained. The clutchpan 26 is made with an inclined or sloping wall 35, which is knurled or roughened, and wit-hin this pan the clutch is disposed. The clutch is composed of a series of rings 8G, cach preferably having a l-shaped peripheral groove 3G, and the periphery of each elutch-ring is kuurled or roughened. The clutch-rings project through elongated slots 37 in the tubular core 13 and engage the upper carbon, passing through the latter, said clutch-rings being retained in their relative slots 237 by mea-ns of a ring 53S, which passes through said clutch-rings, preventing them trom lita-lling inward far enough to cause them to wedge when carbon is inserted. From this construction and arrangement ot' parts it will be seen that when the armature 13 moves upwardly the clutch-rings will grasp the upper carbon and raise the same, and that when the armature moves downwardly said. clutch-rings will, by their engagement with the upper end of the tube Si, be so moved laterally as to release the carbon and permit it to feed. The upper carbon C' is carried by a holder C, comprising an insulatiug-piecej, preferably ot hard porcelain, with a tube extension 7.1 and carbon socket or clamp Z. 'lhe carbon rod lits this socket on a shoulder, the carbon forming a continuous and unbroken su rlface with the socket-piece. 'lhe porcelain insulator so arranged as to position ou the holder that when the carbon is consumed to a predetermined point the insulator j ust enters the bruslnrings 236 and cuts ollthe current from the carbon and opencircuits the lamp.

The inverted-dish-shapcd casting 2l at the lower cud ot the .neck 223, as before stated, l'orms the upper part ol' the brush holder or box 3S, the '.lowerportion 39 of said holder or box vheilig formed by a collar el-O at the upper end ol the arms tl., which support the lower- `carbon holder, said collar being' made at its lower end with an annularllange or shoulder insulating material, rests, which disk constitutes the bottom oli' the brush holder or box and is 1n ade with a central opening il l'or the passage of the upper carbon. 'lhe brush t5 (with which the positive terl'ninal of the lamp is connected through the magnetw-trame) is composed of a series of rings sustained by a support lli, so to have a yielding contact with the upper carbon. The porcelain bottom et the brush-box will prevent short-circuiting, which might occur in the lamp it' the brush-rings or the electrode should come in contact with a metallic bottom in the brush box. rl`he upper end of the collar #t0 bears against an annular plate `t7, having a peripheral llange or extension t8, and between said plate and the casting 2l a ring ett), ol insulatingmaterial, is disposed. The brush and the parts with which it is electrically connected are thus electrically separated from the arms ll, which support the lower-carbon holder.

A ring 50, ot' insulating material, is placed on the extension t8 of plate `t7 and rests at its inner edge on the insulating-ring Ll). letween the ring 50 and an annular ilange 5l on the casting 24: a plate or ring 52 is pret' erably disposed. To the llange 5l ot' casting 2l an annular bex orreceptacle 5l: is secured by means ot arms 55, but from which llange said box or receptacle 54; is insulated, the easing of the lamp being made with an extension 55 for the accommodation ot' the latter. A coil 5o', ot' resistance material, is placed within the annular box or receptacle andinclosed by means of a cover 57.

Binding-pests a l) c d c fare provided l'or the resistance-coil, the binding-post c being connected with one end ot said coil, the post j" connected with the other end, and the pests l) c d c connected with said coil at intermediate points, so that the connections can be adjusted to include more or less resistance in the circuit, according to the strength of; current on the circuit where the lamp is to be used. The binding-post a is electrically connected with a screw g, which latter is eleci trieally connected with the collar l() at the upper end of arms stl. (or one et the intermediate binding-posts) is connected directly with the negative terminal el the lamp by a wire 7L.

The arms stl., which constitute a frame l'or supporting the lower-carbon holder and both globes, are made at their lower ends with a ring 57, having a series of notches 55 to permit the passage oi lugs 5S at the li'ree ends ol.' a series et arms 5f). rlhe arms 5f) radiate from a socket-piece GO, which constitutes a holder for the inner globe (il, the neck ol' which is secured in said holder by means ot' a screw tial-fl. W'hen the lugs at the :tree ends of the arms 5t) shall have been passed through the notches 5S `in ring 57, the globe-holder will be given a quarter-turn or until one ot' the arms engages a stop 59 on the ring, 'when said lugs 5S will rest on said ringI and the l2, on which a disk 1:23, of porcelain or other globe-holder (SO be supported bythe latter,

rlhc binding-post j IlO accidental displacement of the globe-holder being prevented by a set-screw GOT.

The globe 64 is provided with a double cover 65, having perforations 66 66a for the passage of the upper carbon, which latter is of considerably less diameter than said perforations. The parts of the cover are so disposed as to form a chamber 67 between them, and in this chamber a disk-valve 6Sis loosely disposed and made with a hole 69, through which the upper carbon neatly passes.

The socket piece or holder 66 is made in its center with a sleeve 70, a portion of which projects upwardlyT within the socket, and a portion extends downwardly below the same7 the downwardlyextendin g portion being pro vided at its lower end with screw-threads 70, and said sleeve serves as aholderfor the lower carbon, the latter being held in place by means of a screw 7 Ob. The lower screwthreaded end of the sleeve or holder 70 enters a nut-7l and said nut is made with a tubular, internally-screw-threaded shank 72, the lower portion of which passes freely through a hole in a porcelain knob 73, the latter being retained in position by the head of the knob 7 3 bearing against the lower end of a collar 75, made at the center of a plate or clamp 76, the latter resting against the under face of the outer globe 77 and forming a portion of the holder for the saine. Another clamp or plate 7 6 (forming the other portion of the holder for the outer globe) engages the inner face of the outer globe and its inner portion is curved and made to conform to the nut 7l and has an annular flange 7S disposed under the nut, an insulating washer 79 being disposed between said Iiange and the plate or clamp 76. The upper edge of the outer globe 77 bears against the plate 48 (or the insulating-ring 50) and is retained in close contact therewith, so as to make the globe 77 air-tight at its upper end, by means of the connections above described between said globe and the arms 4l. The plates 76 7 6 are made with perforations 761 7 6c, respectively, which perforations are nor mally closed by a valve 80. rl`he valve SO is made with a depending annular flange Sl, which is guided on the upper portion of the porcelain knob 7 3, and within said annular [lange a spring 82 is disposed, said spring bearing at its respective ends against the knob and valve and serving to normally retain the latter closed.

YWhen it is desired to supply the lamp with carbons, the outer globe 77 will first be removed by loosening or unscrewing the nut 7l from carbon-holder 70. The lower-cai1- bon holder and inner globe will then be removed by making a quarter-turn, so as to release the arms 59 of holder 60 from the arms ring 57, t-he set-screw 60"L having iirst been unscrewed. It is necessary to employ the set-screw 66, not only to preventV accidental displacement of the parts, as above mentioned, but also to permit the globe-supporting nut to be unscrewed from the lower holder without causing said holder to fall out. It will also be observed that the armature 13 closes the magnetic circuit through itself and the pole-piece and the lower portion of the magnet-frame- The magnetic circuit of the magnet is permanently closed through the armature by having the latter completely inclosed within the magnet-body, so that the armature is at all times within the magnetic field and may be actuated by the slightest change in the magnetic force of the magnet caused by electric iiuctuations in the coil.

By making the upper end of the armature tapering and providing a similarly-shaped recess or concavity in the pole-piece a uniform pull through the Whole movement of the armature will be effected.

The circuit through the lamp is as follows: The plus leading-in wire z' enters lamp through the hole t in the knob 3 and then passes downwardly and is connected to one end of the coil of the magnet, the other end of said coil being connected to the frame of the magnet. The current then passes through the magnet frame or casing and is delivered to the upper carbon by the clutch andthe brush 45. The current then passes from the upper to the lower carbon and then from the lower-carbon holder to the arms 4l. From the arms l and collar et() the current passes through the screw g to one terminal of the resistance and from the other terminal of the resistance the ycurrent flows to the negative terminal of the lamp.

lVhen the circuit through the lamp is closed, the magnet will be energized and its armature caused to move upward, resulting in a separation of the carbons to form the arc. As the piston-like cup or pan 26 and its depending tubular extension move upwardly the first pull of the armature will be against a partial vacuum, whereby the iirst upward movement of the carbon in striking the are will be even and without jerk.

lVhen the arm ature-pan 26 has been raised, sufficient air will have enteredbelow to form a cushion for the same, so that the armature will now be perfectly cushioned in its movement in either direction. This cushion will dispense with the necessity of the armature having air-cushion in the magnet-bore, so that the fit of the armature in said bore will not require to be very snug, whereby binding' of the armature in the bore is prevented.

The pan 26 being of a proper proportionately' large diameter will not require a very snug lit in the casing at the bottom of the magnet, for which reason another sourceof binding of the armature is prevented. The knnrling or other roughening of the `clutclrrings and the flaring interior of the armature-pan will cause said rings to clutch the carbon or carbon-sheath with a grip lwhich is positive and will not admit of the carbon slipping down while the armature is raised. As the armature-pan 26 is of the same material as the IOO a collar at the upper end of said arms forming the lower portion of the brush-holder and insulated from the upper portion thereof, a flange or shoulder in said collar, a non-metallic bottom for the brush-holder on said flange or shoulder, and a brush in said holder, substantially as set forth.

l0. ln an arc-lamp, the combination with a sheet-metal casing having a laterally-projecting annular enlargement at its lower end, of a rigid framework Within said casing, an annular box secured to said framework and projectinglaterall y into said annular enlargement at the lower end of the casing and a resistance in said box,substantially as set forth.

ll. An arc-lamp comprising a body and clutch mechanism and an annular rheostat surroun ding said body below the clutch mechanism, substantially as set forth,

l2. ln an arc-lamp, the combination with a casing ha fing an annular enlargement at its lower end, a magnet in the casing, a casting supported by the magnet, arms for supporting the lower-carbon holder, said arms being secured to said casting and insulated therefrom, an annular box or compartment within the enlargement of the casing and secured to said'casting, a resistance-coil in said box or compartment, one end of said resistance-coil being electrically connected with the arms which support the lower-carbon holder and the other end of said coil being connected with the negative terminal of the lamp, substantially as set forth.

13. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a casing having an enlargement at its lower lend, of a casting supported within the casing,

an annular box disposed within the enlarged portion of the casing, and arms secured at their respective ends to the casting and annular box, substantially as set forth.

lat. In an arc-lamp, the combination with the casing, of arms depending below the casing, a socket-piece removably connected to said arms and constitutin ga support for an inner arc-inclosing globe, a sleeve in the center of said socket-piece and constituting a lowercarbon holder, a nut on said sleeve and means for securing an outer globe to said nut, substantially as set forth.

l5. In an arc-lamp, the combination with the casing and arms depending below the same, of a notched ring at the lower ends of said arms, a socket-piece for the reception of an inner arc-inclosing globe, arms projecting from said socket-piece and removably supported by said ring, a stop to limit the movement of said arms when they are attached to said ring, a set-screw for preventing the arms and socket-piece from displacement, a lowercarbon holder carriedby said socket-piece, a nut on said lower-carbon holder, and means for attaching an outer globe to said nut, substantially as set forth.

1G. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a casing and arms depending therefrom, of a socket-piece removably attached to said arms and adapted for the reception of the neck of an inner arc-inclosing globe, a sleeve in said socket-piece constituting a lower-carbon holder, a nut on the lower end of said sleeve, means for securing an outer globe to said nut, and an insulated ring above said arms, against which said globe bears and with which it has an air-tight fit, substantially as set forth.

1'7. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a lower-carbon holder having a depending screw-threaded extension, of a nut on said extension, a depending shank on said nut, a globe having a sealed top, a knob secured on said shank,and a valved globe-holder between said nut and knob, substantially as set forth.

1S. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a lower-carbon holderhaving a depending externally-screw-threaded extension, of a nut on said extension, said nut having a dependin g internally-screw-threaded shank, a globe, a knob on said shank, a screw entering the shank and holding the knob in place, and a globe-holder between the knob and nut, substantially as set forth.

19. ln an arc-lamp, the combination with the lower-carbon holder having a depending portion, of a nut on said depending portion, a shank depending from said nut, a knob on said shank, a globe-holder between the nut and knob, said globe-holder havin g openings, a valve for normally closing said openings, and a spring between `said valve and knob, substantially as set forth.

20. ln an arc-lamp, the combination with the lower-carbon holder having a depending extension, a nut on said extension, a shank on said nut, a knob on said shank, a globe, clamps constituting a holder for said globe, said clamps being disposed between the nut and knob and having perforations therein, a collar on one of said clamps bearing against said knob, and a valve for normally closing said perforations, a sleeve depending from said valve and encircling the upper end of the knob and a spring encircling said upper end of the knob and bearing at its respective ends against a shoulder on the knob and the valve, substantially as set forth.

2l. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a magnet having a conical recess in its core, of a tubular armature having a conical end to enter said recess, and a rod secured to the lamp-frame and projecting downwardly through the pole-piece and terminating in the upper end of said tubular armature so as to form a guide therefor, substantially as set forth.

22. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a magnet and an elongated tubular armature, of an electrode-holder adapted to enter and be guided by said tubular armature, said electrode -holder comprising two metallic sections and an interposed non-metallic section, whereby when the electrodes shall have been burned away to a predetermined extent, the non-metallic section will engage the contact- IOO IIO

ISO

brush ofthe lamp and cut ell the current from the electrode and the latterI .retained in a vertical position by the upper section of said electrode-holder, substantially as set forth.

223. In an arc-lamp, the combination with the main frame carrying the separating and feeding` inechanisni of the lamp, and forming part of the lamp-circuit, a depending` frame secured to and insulated from the main frame and a lower-carbon holder carried bysaid depending frame, of a brush-holder formed by the meeting portions of the two f rames7 and a perforated bottom in said brush-holder, said perforated bottom being of non-metallic ma terial, whereby to prevent short-circuiting of the lower carbon, substantially as set forth.

24.-. In an electric lamp, the combination with a hollow magnet structure having a cylindrical chamber and an annular chamber communicating with the cylindrical chamber, ot' an armature having the feed-clutch meehanism supported within it and formed wit-h a (wlindrical portion which has play and aircnshion in the cylindrical chamber and with a tubular portion which has play and aircnshion in the annular chamber,subsiantially as set forth.

25. In an electric lamp, the combination with a hollow magnet structure haring an axial chamber, a cylindrical chamber communicating with said chamber7 and an annular chamber communicating with the cylindrical chamber, of an armature having thc feedcluteh mechanism supported within it and formed with a portion axially movable inV the axial cl1amber,with a cylindrical portion having axial play and air-cushion in the cylindrical chamber, and with a tubular portion having axial play and air-cushion in the annular chan'iber, substantially as set forth.

2G. In an electric lamp, the combination ol an are inclosure air-tight at its upper end, a hollow and ai r-tight magnet structure having communication atA its lower end with the upper end ol' said arc inclosure and formed with an axial chamber and a cylindrical chamber communicating therewith, and anarmature having the feed-clutch mechanism supported within it and having an axial portion axially movable in the axial chamberI and a cylindrical portion having axial movement and aircushion in the cylindrical chamber, substantially as set forth.

27. In an. electric lamp, the combination with an are inclosure air-tight at its upper end, a hollow and air-tight magnet structure havin g communication at its lower end with the upper end of said arc inclosure and formed with an axial chamber and a cylindrical eliamber communicating therewith and with an annular chamber communicatie g with the cylindrical chamber, an armature having the feed-clutch mechanism supported within it and having an axial portion axially movable in the axial chamber and a cylindrical por tion and a tubular portion having axial. play and air-cushion respectively in the cylindrical and annularchamber, substantiallyv as set forth.

In an electric lamp, the combination with the upper lamp structure formed with an annular flange at its lower end, a metal washer against the under side of said flange, an asbestos washer against the under side of said metal washer, a metallic washer against the under side of the asbestos washer and clamped tohare its outer edge spring downward from said latter washer, and a lower-carbon frame, ol. a globe having its upper edge seated against said spring-washer, and means for `forcing said globe against the washers and llai ige, substantially as set `forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specilication lin the presence of two subserihv ing witnesses.

'WIIJLIAII .TAN l UH.

lVitznesses:

(tm-:ALD F. Illini), liimnniun'r S. LMNDUs.

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