US687473A - Electric-arc lamp. - Google Patents

Description

No. 687,473. Patented Nov. 26, 1am.

I L. F. BOGIA, in.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

(Application filed bec. 31, 1900.)

(No Model.)

INVENTOR: 400/5 E EOG/AJ/ii,

WITNESSES:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS F. BOGIA, JR, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 687,473, dated November 26, 1901.

Application filed December 31, 1900. Serial lid 1,596. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LoUIs F. Boom, Jr., of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric-Arc Lamps, whereof the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to arc-lamps particularly adapted for embodiment in a constantpotential circuit and comprising a solenoid arranged to automatically regulate the lamp by varying the distance of separation of its carbons and consequent length of the are between them. As ordinarily constructed lamps ofthe class specified comprise a movable core for the regulating-solenoid operatively connected with the movable carbon of the lamp, which core tends to gravitate to cocentric relation with the magnetic field of the solenoid, but which is lifted to concentric relation with said field by the magnetic stress of the latter. During the operation of such an ordinary lamp the movable carbon is in a position of unstable equilibrium, for said concentric position of the core is that in which the least magnetic stress of the solenoid is available for maintaining said core in position. Consequently said core and the carbon connected therewith are caused to re ciprocate or jump, as it is termed, if the lamp is jarred or the electric flux through the solenoid is varied.

It is the object of my invention to provide at a low cost an efficient lamp which may be subjected to jarring and oscillation without detriment to its operation or regulation and be therefore available in situations where ordinary lamps cannot be used.

To the end aforesaid my invention comprises a movable core for the regulating solenoid operatively connected with the movable carbon and combined with resilient means to continuously maintain said movable core in eccentric relation with the magnetic field of said solenoid, it being characteristic of my invention that the elements aforesaid are arranged in stable equilibrium in the operative position of the lamp, any motion of separation of the carbons being positively opposed by a spring which tends to thrust the carbons together, and the aforesaid tendency of the spring being positively opposed by the magnetic stress upon the movable core in the eccentric portion of the solenoidfiel'd wherein said stress is most effective to shift the core.

My invention also comprehends certain details of construction hereinafter more definitely specified and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a central sectional view of a lamp conveniently embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an inverted plan view of the movable carbonclutch, and Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view of the holder for the immovable carbon.

In said figures, 1 is the lamp casing or frame, in which is fixed the regulating'solenoid 2, which comprises the immovable core Beneath said core 3 is the movable core #2, which is conveniently fixed by the rods 5 to the carbon-holder (5. Said carbon-holder 6 comprises the ring-clutch '7, hinged thereto at 8 and provided with the spring 9, tending to normally thrust it downwardly, as shown. Between the fixed core 3 and movable cores are springs 10, which tend to thrust the core 4 downwardly and bring the movable carbon 11 into contact with the immovable carbon 12.

It is to be understood that the relation of the parts above described is such that the springs 10 tend to maintain the movable core 4 in eccentric relation with the magnetic field of the solenoid 2, and the vertical position of said core 4: is dependent upon the magnetic stress produced by the current-flux in said solenoid 2, so that said core 4: and the carbon 11 are positively lifted and lowered and the are 13 between the carbons 11 and 12 lengthened or shortened, in accordance with variations in the current through said solenoid, the extent of separation of the carbons at any given instant being predetermined by the resultant force of the springs 10 and the magnetic stress of the solenoid 2 opposed thereto.

The positive terminal 14: of the lamp leads directly to the coil of auxiliary resistancewire 15, which is wound in the spiral groove 16 upon the spool 17, conveniently molded of porcelain or similar refractory material. The lower extremity of said resistance-coil 15 is connected at 18 with the solenoid-coil 2, and the latter is connected at 19 with the stationary frame member 20, which latter is provided with a flexible connector 21, extending to the carbon-holder 6. The top of said carbonholder (5 is provided with the chain 22, extending to the spring-cap 23, which is detaehably secured upon the carbon 11. The current passes from the carbon 11 to the carbon 12, which is mounted in the holder 24, which being insulated from the frame member 25 is connected by the wire 26 with the negative terminal 27 of the lamp.

\Vhen the lamp is out of operation, the springs being unopposed by the stress of the solenoidfield thrust the holder 6 downwardly until the clutch 7 contacts with the stud 28, which uplifts the spring 9 and releases the clutch 7 from the carbon 11, which slides through the clutch 7 to contact with the lower carbon 12.

\Vhen the lamp is connected for operation, the core 4 is uplifted by the magnetic stress in the solenoid-field, and during the initial upward movement of said core the spring 9 thrusts the clutch 7 downwardly, gripping the carbon 11, and the latter is lifted, with the core 4 and carbon-holder 6, to a position of stable equilibrium, the precise relation of the parts being dependent upon the resultant force of the springs 10 and the magnetic stress in the solenoid-field. As the carbons are consumed, lengthening the are 13 and diminishing the current through the solenoid 2, the carbon 11, holder 6, and core 4 are positively lowered by the springs 10 until the clutch 7, being tripped by contact with the stud 28, takes a new grip upon the carbon and the operation is repeated. Said stud 28 being in screw-threaded engagement with the frame member 25 and slotted at its lower extremity may be conveniently adjusted by the operator to precisely predetermine the extent of downward movement of the core 4.

In the form of my invention shown the are 13 is inclosed by both the globe 29 and the globe 30, the former being detachably secured to the frame member 25 and the latter to the removable casing l. The frame members and are rigidly connected by the hangers 31, and the solenoid-spool 32 is rigidly supported by the standards 33 and the cylinder 34, the latter being fixed within the immovable core 3. Said hangers and standards are made of small diameter, so that the transmission of heat from the arc to the body of the lamp is minimized.

It is to be noted that the carbon-holder 6 is fitted as a piston in the cylinder 34 and forms a dash-pot therewith, which arrangement of the parts serves to check any undesirable movement of the carbonholder. As shown, the extension 35 of the immovable core 3 not only ineloses the dash-pot, but also serves to rigidly connect the various members of the lamp structure. The horizontal flange of the spool 17 serves to insulate the terminals 14 and 27 and to maintain the easing 1 in concentric relation with the solenoid, the recess 36 within the spool 17 being provided to prevent transmission of heat from the latter to the core The hood 37 is mounted in insulated relation with the core extension 35 beneath the plate 33, which is provided with the usual hanger 3!).

It is to be noted that I do not desire to limit myself to the precise details of construction which I have shown and described, as it is obvious that various modifications may be made therein without departing from the essential features of my invention.

1 claim 1. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination with the stationary frame member 20; of the solenoid 2, in fixed relation with said frame member; the core 3, of magnetizable metal fixed within the upper portion of said solenoid 2, and terminating short of the bottom thereof; the slide-rods 5, entered in hearings in said frame member 20, and in said core 3; the carbon-holder 6, fixed to said rods 5, in concentric relation with said solenoid; the core 4, fixed to said rods 5, in opposition to said core 3, and the springs 10 between said cores 2 and 3, substantially as set forth.'

2. In an electric-arclamp, the combination with the stationary frame members 20, and 25, rigidly connected by the hangers 31; of the carbon-holder 24, rigidly supported by said frame member 25, in insulated relation therewith; the solenoid 2, in fixed relation with said frame members; the movable core 4, in operative relation with said solenoid 2; the carbon-holder 6, carried by said core 4; the clutch 7, hinged to said carbon-holder (t; the spring 9, fixed to said carbon-holder (3, in operative relation with said clutch 7; and the normally stationary stud 2S, adjustable in opposition to said clutch 7, and spring 9, substantially as set forth.

3. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination with the frame 1; of the frame members 20, and 25, rigidly connected by the hangers 31, in fixed relation with said frame 1; the carbon holder 24, rigidly supported by said frame member 25, in insulated relation therewith; the cylinder 34, in fixed relation with said frame member 20; the solenoid 2, sup ported upon the frame member 20; the core 3, fixed in said solenoid, and fitted upon said cylinder 34; the core 4, opposed to said core 3, in operative relation with the solenoid 2; springs arranged to separate said cores; and the carbon-holder 6, carried by said core 4, substantially as set forth.

4. In an electric-are lamp, the combination with the frame 1; of the frame members 20, and 25, rigidly connected in fixed relation with said frame 1; the carbon-holder 24, rig- .idly supported-by said frame member 25, in

insulated relation therewith; the cylinder 34, in fixed relation with said frame member 20; the solenoid 2, supported upon the frame member 20; the core 3, fixed in said solenoid and fitted upon said cylinder 34-; the core 4, opposed to said core 3, in operative relation with the solenoid 2; springs arranged to separate said cores; the carbon-holder 6, carried by said core 4'; the spool of refractory material 17, fitted to said core 3, and provided with the spiral groove 16; the auxiliary resistance 15, laid in said groove 16, throughout its length; the hanger plate 38; and means arranged to detachably secure said cylinder 34, and core 3, with respect to said plate 38, substantially as set forth.

5. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination with the frame 1; of the globe 30, detachably secured thereto; the frame members 20, and 25, rigidly connected by the hangers 31, in fixed relation with said frame 1; the globe 29, detachably secured to said frame member 25; the carbon-holder 24, rigidly supported by said frame member 25, in insulated relation therewith, Within said globe 29; the cylinder 34, in fixed relation with said frame member 20; the standards 33, in fixed relation With said frame member 20; the solenoid 2, supported by the standards 33; the core 3, fixed in said solenoid and provided with the extension 35, fitted upon said cylinder 34; the core- 4, opposed to said core 3, inoperative relation with the solenoid 2; springs arranged to separate said cores; the carbon-holder 6, carried by said core 4; the spool of refractory material 17, fitted to said core 3, and its extension 35; the spiral groove 16, in said spool 17; the auxiliary resistance 15, laid in said groove 16, throughout its length; the terminal 14, insulated in said spool 17, in electrical connection with said auxiliary resistance 15; the terminal 27, insulated in said spool 17, in electrical connection with said carbon-holder 24; the hood 37, covering said terminals 14, and 27, in insulated relation with the core extension35; and, the hanger-plate 38, detachably secured to said core extension 35, and to said cylinder 34, substantially as set forth.

6. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination with the casing 1; of the solenoid 2; the holloW cylindrical spool 17, encircling said core 3, and provided with the spiral groove 16, exterior to said core, and an annular flange inclosing the space between said core and said casing; the coil 15, laid within said groove 16, and supported thereby throughout its length; and terminals 14, and 27, of the lampcircuit, mounted in said spool-fiange in insulated relation With said casing 1, and core 3, substantially as set forth.

7. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination with a hollow cylindrical spool of refractory material provided with an external spiral groove and an annular flange; of an auxiliary resistance laid Within said groove and supported thereby throughout its length; and, terminals mounted in said flange, substantially as set forth.

LOUIS F. BOGIA, JR. lVi tn esses:

ARTHUR E. PAIGE, E. L. FULLERTON.

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