US568075A - Coke-oven - Google Patents

Description

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COKE OVEN. l No. 568,075. Patented Sept. 22, 1896i @hay H1 TH: Nonms narcis co., comun-1a. msnwsroN, u4 c,

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' COKE OVEN.

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' P.. L. SLOGUM COKE OVEN.

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FRANK L. SLOCUM, OF IITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

COKE-OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 568,075, dated September 22, 1896. Application led May 23, 1895. Serial No. 550,337. (No model.)

To (all whom, t may cm1/cern:

Be it known that I, FRANK L. SLOC'UM, a resident of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania', have invented a new and useful Improvement in Coke-Ovens and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to ovens for coking coal, and more especially to that class of coking-ovens having long horizontal coking or distilling chambers with heating-fines in the side walls, the object of the present invention being to provide suitable ovens of this class so arranged that they may be heated by gas formed in separate generators, and all the gas obtained from the distilling of the coal in forming coke may be stored for illuminating or heating purposes, and, further, to provide for the high heating of the air einployed to support combustion both in4 the separate gas generator or producer and wi thin the coke-ovens themselves.

In my improved coke-oven the entire space extending under the long horizontal cokingchamber, and under the side walls containing the heating-fines around the same, is utilized for the heating of the incoming air by means of horizontal return-lines, the construction of which will be hereinafter described. The gas generator or producer is located outside of the bank of ovens and communicates with a transverse gas-flue, from which ports or iiues lead to the combustionchainbers of two or more of the coking-ovens, so that a single gas-prod ucer maybe utilized for supplying gas for heating several ovens, and in the case of a long continuous bank of ovens requiring two or more gas-producers for heating the same, by means of this transverse gas-flue, gas may be supplied continuously to all of the ovens, so that the heat may be maintained in the same, even if it isnecessary to cut off one of the producers for cleaning or for other reasons.` The invention also comprises certain other improvements, all of 4which will be hereinafter described and claimed.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will describe the same more fully, referring-io the accompany ing drawings, in which- Figurel is a longitudinal section on the line l l, Fig. 3. Fig. 2 is a like section on the line 2 2, Fig. Fig. 3 'is a front view of one oven and a vertical cross-section of another oven on the line 3 3, Fig. l, and a vertical cross-section of another oven on the line 6 6, Fig. l, the latter cross-section to the right of the gure. Fig. 4 is a horizontal sect-ion on the line 4 4, Fig. l; and Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on line 5 5, Fig. l.

Like letters and figures of reference indicate like parts in each of the figures.

The several coke-ovens forming the bank of ovens are divided by the walls A A, which in the lower parts of the ovens are formed of ordinary brickwork, as at a, but in the upper part of the ovens, where the coking-chambers b are located, are formed of the pierwalls c, on which-rest the arches d, which support the brickwork between the same and the iioor d.

In the lower part ofthe structure between the walls a are the Waste-gas iiues and the air-heating iiues, which will be hereinafter described, extending over which, between the walls a, are the arches a', and supported on the brickwork a2 resting on said arches are the walls d, which form `the central bottom combustion-flue e, leaving the spaces c2 on each side thereof, which are no t utilized for any special purpose. Resting on these walls c' and the walls a is the structure forming the ccking-chambers l) and the side heatingiiues l 2 3, special forms of fire-brick blocks for forming the saine being employed, such as described in an application for patent filed by me on May 23, 1895, Serial No. 550,336, the construction of which does not require special description herein further than the description of the arrangement of the flues and connections with each other. The main combustion-flue c extends to the rear of the oven and has the side flues f, which lead back of the spaces e2 and to the same vertical plane as the flues l 2 3, and thence rise past the iiues 2 and 3 and communicate with the rear ends of lines l. Each of these ues eX- tends to the front of the oven, as shown in Fig. 2,- and thence by a downtake communicates with the fine 3, which Vextends to the front of the oven and communicates with the downtake 4, the two downtakes 4 extending IOO in front of the spaces e2 close to the front end wall g and lead down to the horizontal flues h 7L", hereinafter described in connection with the air-heating and waste-product flues.

Located in front of the bank of ovens is the gas-flue Zt, which extends transversely of the bank of ovens and from which project the flues Zt' on the same vertical planes as the combustion-fine e, which lead first horizontally into the bank of ovens and then upwardly through the base of each combustionilue e, near the forward end thereof, so providing the supply of gas to such fines, the flues Zo being controlled by suitable valves 7a2, which provide for the opening and closing of the same and which are preferably slidevalves. Communicating with this transverse flue 7c is the gas-producer i, which producer is located under the working floor I, so that if coke is to be used for fuel it maybe introduced directly into the same through the feeding-port t", or coal may be fed lthereto for like purposes. These producers are preferably made large enough to supply several of the coking-ovens with the necessary heatinggas, and they communicate with the gas-Hue 7c by the side ports i2, so that the gas is first introduced into that ue and distributed from the producer to the several combustion-fines 0f the several ovens, such construction having also, the further advantage that in a bank requiring two or more producers the flow of gas may be so controlled that one of the producers can be cut out at any time by its valve 7a3, such as for clinkering or repairing.v and the gas from the other producers carried to the different ovens, so that they also may be operated continuously.

lVhile the construction of the waste-product and heating` fines hereinafter described can of course be employed Where a separate gas-producer is employed with each oven, I iind the above construction much preferable and more economical. The gas-producers have the grates i3 and ash-pits t4.

I will now proceed to describe the system of air-heating and waste-product flues, so as to show how the waste gases are utilized for the heating of both the primary air for maintaining combustion in the producer and the secondary air for maintaining combustion around the coking-chamber. The air-heating and waste-product fl ues are built, as above stated, between the walls a, and the space utilized is practically the full width and length of the oven, so that they might be termed full-width and full-depth ovens. To feed air to the iiues, the transversely-extending air-pipe Zs employed, which extends along the bottom of the bank, and to which air is fed under pressure, branch pipes Z leading from the same into the primary airheating flue m, which extends at the bottom of the air-heating system to the rear end of the same and to the rear end wall g/ and communicates therewith and with a like flue m', which extends parallel with the iiue m to the front wall g, the iiues m and m being separated by a division-wall, and these iiues occupying the full space between the walls a. Leading from the iiue m through the front wall g is the iiue m2, which communicates with the producer below the grate-bars, and so feeds the heated air to the producer. Above the waste-product iues tt, hereinafter referred to, are the air-heating flues n n', the branch pipe Z2 leading from the air-pipe Z into the iiue n', which extends to the rear of the oven and then communicates with the iiue n', which extends parallel therewith to the front wall g and communicates with the uptake-flue n2, which leads up to the airheating flue p, said flue leading to the rear of the oven and communicating with the iiue p', which is on the same horizontal plane and extends forward parallel therewith, though not for the full length, the flue p terminating in front of the brickwork Zt1,inclosing the gas-entrance flue Zt', and there communieating with the inclined uptake p2, which leads into the central air-heatin g flue r. Said central flue leads longitudinally toward the rear of the oven and communicates by an uptake-passage r2 with the central airheat ing iiue r, which extends forward directly above the flue r to the brickwork 7a4, inclosing the gas-entrance Zt', and thence communicates with the air-entrance port r3, which opens into the combustion-flue e below the coking-chamber Z).

The waste-product i'lues are arranged to heat the said several air-heating flues as they carry the waste products to the stack or sewer, and I will now describe them. The downtake-flues at lead from the lower combustionflues 3 in the side walls of the coking-chamber on each side of and past the combustionflue e and through the arches e until brought into line with the central air-heating flues r r', that is, on each side of the brickwork 7a4, inclosing the gas entrance k. They then communicate with the flues h Zt', one on each side of the central air-heating flues r fr, which flues Zt 7L' extend back to the rear wall g on each side of the air-heating flues fr' r', where these flues are united by a cross-flue h2, extending between the flues r fr and the rear wall g', the waste products being carried to one side and entering the downtake-flue h3, which leads past the rear end of the air-heating flue p' and into the waste -product iiue s, which extends longitudinally to a point near the forward end of the oven and thence communicates with the flue s', parallel with and on the same horizontal plane as the flue s and extends to the rear wall g, where it communicates with the downtake-flue s2, the wasteproduct flues s s' thus extending between the air-heating flues 'It fn and p p', and the forward ends terminating back of the uptake n2. The downtake-iiue s2 communicates with the flue t, which extends longitudinally forward to the front wall g'and there communicates with the flue t on the same horizontal plane,

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which leads back through the rear wall g and A iiues into the side walls, while the necessary locations for the combustion-fines below and in the side walls of the coke-oven are maintained, and the air is introduced upwardly into the combustion-flue. The two bodies of waste products leading from the two sets of heating-iiues are carriedin proper course for heating the air in the central air-heating flues fr r and are nally united and carried in proper course for heating the air in the iiues below the same. To properly brace the walls of the central air-heating flues r r', it will be noticed that on each side of the air-heating flues brace blocks h4 extend at intervals across the iiues 7L h and between the divisionwalls r4 and the walls a, such brace-blocks, however, interfering in no way with the flow of the waste products through said dues 7L h.

To regulate the direction of the gases from the combustion-flue e into the flues f, on one or the other side of the ovens, I place in the combustion-nue e, at the rear end thereof and extending somewhat in front of the ues f, the movable deflectingtile j, which can be swung to one side or theother so as to properly divide the flow of the heated products and direct them into the side iiues, a port j giving access to the combustion-flue for such purpose, the port j being closed bya suitable plug. The oven has the usual feeding-ports u, which may be closed and sealed after the coal is fed to the coking-chamber, and has also the gas-eduction port u, through which the gas passes to the water seal and thence to the washing apparatus and storage-tank, and it has any suitable form of doors for closing the ends of the coking-chamber.

Vhen the coking-oven is in use, the coal is fed through the feeding-ports a, which are then properly sealed, and the gas generated from the coal or coke in the producer il passes into the transverse gas-flue 7c and is then fed to the different ovens, the gas entering through the gas-port it" into the combustion-chamber e. Air under blast is fed from the air-pipel through the primary air-heating fines m m to the producert' under the grate-bars, and air is fed through the branch pipe Z2 into the secondary air-heating system, passing through the iiues n n', and thence by the uptake n2 to the flues p p', and thence by the inclined uptake p2 to the flues r r', and to the entranceport r3, communicating with the combustionchamber. The iiame and heated products from the combustion of the gas pass along the combustion-chamber e, below the cokingchamber b, and thence are directed into the two uptake-fines f and into the upper flues Z of the side heatingilues, and thence passing through the iiues Zand 3 into the downtakefines 4, the high heat so generated passing through the walls surrounding the cokingchamber and acting upon the coal within the same to distil off the gases therefrom, which gases pass through the outlet-port u to the water seal, and thence to the washing apparatus and storage-tank. If it is found desirable, by means of suitable branch gas iiues or pipes gas and heated air may be introduced into the side combustion-dues to maintain the necessary high heat therein; but this is not generally considered necessary. The waste products pass through the two downtake-fiues L into the fines 71, h', and thence travel back th rough said tlues and on each side of the central air-heating ilues fr r', the heated products in the iue t/ passing through the rear cross-flue h2 and uniting with the heated products in the iiue h, passing down into the iiue s, forward along the same, and thence backin the flue s', between the air-heating fines n and p p', thence passing down into the iiue t to the forward end of the oven, and thence back along the flue t', between the airheating iiues 'm m and n n', and thence to the sewer. The heat from the waste products is radiated through the walls dividing these iiues from the air-heating dues, and the larger portion of the heat of the same is thus absorbed therefrom, so that a large portion of the heat is carried by the incoming air either into the producer to assist in forming the producer or generator gas therein or into the main combustion-due e to assist in the combustion of the gases.

It is found that by such construction, and by utilizing the space directly under each oven for heating the incoming air for supporting combustion therein, great economy of space and compactness of structure are obtained, as well as economy of fuel in the coking of the coal. I am also enabled to utilize common producergas for coking the coal, instead of requiring the use of gas distilled from the coal, and I can therefore store all the gases obtained for fuel or illuminating purposes.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. A bank of coke-ovens having longitudinally-extending coking-chambers, combustion and heating flues in the bottom and side walls thereof, and a series of longitudinally-extending waste-product flues and airheating fines alternating with each other and filling the space under the coke-oven, a gas-producer communicating with the combustion-flue of the coke-oven, the bottom airheating flues of said series leading to the gas-producer, and the other air-heating flues passing between the waste-product fiues and opening into the combustion-flue under the coking-chamber, substantially as set forth.

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2. A Coke-oven having a longitudinallyextending eoking-ehainber, longitudinallyextending combustion and heating iiues in the bottom and side walls thereof, and a series of longitudinally extending Wasteproduot iiues and air-heating fines iilling the space under the coke-oven, the waste-product fines having return-fines on the same horizontal plane, and downtake-flues at one end of the oven passing the air-heating flues in their downward Course to the stack, and the air-heating fines between the waste-product fines having return-flues on the Same horizontal plane and uptake-fines passing the waste-product flues at the other end of the oven, substantially as set forth.

A Coke-oven having a longitudinallyextending eoking-ohainber, longitudinallyextending combustion and heating iiues in the bottom and side walls thereof, and having a system of waste-product fines and air-heating flues in the space below the Coke-ovens, said air-heating flues being formed as returniues side by side in the lower part of the system, and thence Communicating with a longitudinal air-heating flue centrally of the space, and having Waste-product flues extending longitudinally on each side thereof, substantially as set forth.

4. A Coke-oven having a longitudinallyextending coking-ohamber and combustion and heating nues in the bottoni and side walls thereof, and having the return air-heating lines n, nl on one horizontal plane, the return air-h eating lines p, pl on another horizontal plane, the central air-heating flues i", i" on the same vertical plane above the fines p, p' and having Waste-product fines h, h at the sides of the air-heating `lines r, fr', the return waste-product flues s, s between the iiues fn, n and p, p and the return wasteproduet flues t, t below the iiues n, n', all said flues extending longitudinally of the oven, substantially as set forth.

5. A coke-oven having a longitudinallyextending coking-ehaniber, a single combustion-flue under the same, heating-fines in both side walls with which said bottom oombustion-i'lue communicates, and a movable defleeting-tile at the rear end of the bottom flue extending beyond the ports leading to the heating-nues in the side walls, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof l, the said FRANK L. SLOCUM, have hereunto Set my hand.

FRANK L. SLOGUM. lVitn esses:

J AMES I. KAY, ROBERT C. TOTTEN.

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