US555669A

US555669A - Aie brush

Info

Publication number: US555669A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1896-03-03
Anticipated expiration: 1913-03-03

Description

0. 0 WOLD. 6

AIR BRUSH.-

(No Model.)

Patented Mar. 3, 1896.

II/IIIIII/II/IA Rue Wan; 6 W0 ZZZ Mina as;

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OLAUS C. WOLD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO HENRY J. TIIAYER AND CHARLES H. CHANDLER, OF SAME PLACE.

AIR-BRUSH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 555,669, dated March 3, 1896. Application filed April 1, 1895. Serial No. 54,0'77. (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLAUS C. WVOLD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Air-Brushes, (Case No. 1,) of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to an air-brush, and its object is to improve the structural features of an air-brush of the type in which the liquid paint is drawn out through a central aperture by means of a forced draft of air, the area of the aperture through which the paint passes being controlled by a needle adapted to be moved longitudinally to increase or decrease the area of an annular passage between the tapering point of the needle and a conical seat in which the needle is adapted to fit.

My invention embodies certain improvements whereby the longitudinal movement of the needle is more readily effected, the construction being such that the needle may be easilyremoved without disassembling the operating mechanism, has heretofore been necessary.

My invention consists further in an improved valve arrangement whereby the admission of the forced draft of air is facilitated.

My invention consists further in improvements in the structure of the nozzle of the airbrush whereby the construction is greatly cheapened and a more efficient and certain operation of the brush results.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a detached view illustrating the manner in which the longitudinal movement of the needle has heretofore been produced. Fig. 2 is a view illustrating a brush embodying my invention, the needle-operating mechanism and the valve being shown in section. Fig. 3 is a detached view of the lever for operating the needle and the valve. Fig. 4c is a sectional view of the nozzle of the brush. Fig. 5 is a detached view of the guard provided on the end of the brush. Fig. 6 is a detailed View of the cap. Fig. 7 is a detailed view of the head and the tip adapted to screw into the end thereof, the tip being shown separated from the head.

As heretofore constructed, the needle a has been provided with a slot at through which is adapted to pass a lever b, the lever being provided with a slot 11 through which a pin 19*, carried upon the needle, is adapted to pass. By rocking the lever 1) upon its pivot 19 the needle may be moved back and forth longitudinally.

The provision of a slot in the needle necessitates the making of a needle of considerable diameter, while the needle cannot be withdrawn for the purpose of repair or replacement without the removal of the lever b.

' It is the object of the present invention to associate the lever mechanism with the needle in such a manner that the needle maybe readily withdrawn without the removal of other parts of the mechanism, and, furthermore, to greatly reduce the diameter of the needle.

As shown in Fig. 2, needle to carries a sleeve or collar to adapted to fit in a bearing a in the end of the shell 0. In the end of the shell is screwed a cylinder 0, provided in its end with a bearing in which the end of the needle is adapted to fit.

lVithin cylinder 0' and surrounding the needle a is provided a coiled spring 0 adapted to act upon the end of sleeve a and press the needle forward. A stem (Z carrying the valve is screwed into the shell 0, the brass ring (1 being preferably interposed between a shoulder on the stem and the face of the shell and being brazed to both the collar and the surface of the shell. The upper end of the stem dis provided with a slot (1 The lever e is provided upon its upper end with a button 6', and at its lower end is bifurcated. A pin 6 is provided between the members of the bifurcated end adapted to slide in the slot d of the stem cl, the needle to thus passing between the members of the forked end of lever 6. Upon the shank of lever e is provided a collar or sleeve 8 free to move longitudinally upon the lever and notched upon its surface to receive the end of lever f, which is provided with an aperture through which the needle a is adapted to pass, the lower end of said lever fresting upon the shoulder provided on the stem (1. By rotating the lever 6 upon the pin 6 as an axis the lever f is moved about its lower end, and pressing against the end of sleeve a moves the needle longitudinally against the tension of spring 0 \Vhen the lever e is released, the spring 0 returns the needle to its former position. Guides 6 are provided, between which the shank of the lever e is adapted to move. A set-screw e is provided, against which the collar e normally rests. Vithin the stem (1 is provided a valve-stem g carrying at its upper end a pin g, which extends through a hole provided in the stem and rests with its end in contact with pin 6 carried upon the lever e. The stem 9 is provided with a shoulder g upon which rests a rubber ring or gasket 9 A coiled spring encircling the stem g normally presses the ring 9 against the valveseat, the end of the spring resting against a a nut g screwed into the end of the stem (1. The nut 9 as shown in the detached view at the right, is cut away at the sides to permit the access of air. When lever e is depressed, the pin a moving in slot (1 engages the pin g of the valve-sten1,thus depressing the valvestem and opening the valve to permit the access of the forced draft of air which passes from the interior of the stem through the aperture (1 into a chamber c*.- Thus by depressing lever e to a greater or less extent the admission of the air may be regulated, while by rotating the lever 0 upon its axis the needle a may be moved to regulate the supply of paint, as hereinafter described.

Referring to Figs. 4, 5, G, and 7, the shell 0 carries in its end an internal thread, into which the end h of the head 71 (shown in Fig. 7) is adapted to be screwed. The head 7L earries an elongated portion or tube [L2, in the end of which is screwed the tip 1', preferably formed of platinum. The tip z'is provided with a conical bore, into which the conical end of the needle a is adapted to fit. By moving the needle (1 forward the surface of the needle may be brought into contact with the walls of the bore, thus sealing the outlet. By moving the needle back to a greater or less extent the annular passage between the neodle and the bore may be adjusted as desired.

The end of the shell is provided with a thread upon which the cap is adapted to be screwed. An annular passage is provided between the tip 1' and the interior wall of the cap for the exit of the air. An annular groove ha is provided in the end h of the head It, the groove communicating by a duct 71 with the air-chamber c. Duets 71, extend through the head 72., thus connecting the groove it with the reservoir 70 provided between the head It and the cap k. Air thus passes from the chamber 0 through duct 71., groove h and ducts 7L5 into the reservoir 75', from whence it passes through an annular outlet between the stem and the end of the cap, the air thus passing in a column surrounding the outlet for the paint, thus drawing the paint from the paint-receptacle. The paint is placed within the shell and rests upon the partition 0 which separates the pain t-receptacle from the air-chamber 0 By the provision of the reservoir 713', I am enabled to obtain a more satisfactory operation than can be obtained when a duct of contracted area connects the air-chamber c with the airoutlet. The air within the chamber 76 forms a cushion and regulates the pressure of the air passing through the air-outlet, so that a more uniform supply of air is obtained.

In previous constructions the end of the cap is has extended beyond the end of the tip; but I find that better results are attained when the tip extends beyond the end of the cap, as in the former construction the paint is spattered against the end of the cap, thus clogging the air-outlet.

In using the brush it sometimes happens that the end of the brush is brought into eontact with the canvas or paper being operated upon, the canvas or paper being thus punctured and the needle injured. In order to avoid this, I provide a guard Z upon the end of the cap 7t extending for a distance beyond the extreme position of the needle and of internal diameter of sufficient magnitude so that the spreading spray will not come in contact with the guard.

Ilavin g thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination with the needle to of the lever e, situated between the bearing and the working end of said needle, and provided with an aperture or opening through which the needle passes, a pin e provided upon the end of said lever 6, about which the lever may rock, a collar a mounted upon the needle,

lever f bearing against said collar, and the longitudinally-movable sleeve e carried upon the lever e against which the end of the lever f is adapted to rest; substantially as described.

2. The combination with the stem or standard cl, of the valve-stem 9 provided therein and carrying upon its end pin g, nut 9 serving as a bearing for said stem 9 and being cut away at the sides for the admission of air, spring g and lever a carrying pin 6 adapted when lever e is depressed to engage the end of pin g to depress valve-stem g to admit the air; substantially as described.

The combination with the needle a, of the sleeve a provided thereon and working in a bearing provided in the end of shell 0, cylinder 0, spring 0 lover a, sleeve or collar 0 adapted to move longitudinallythereon, lever f, and valve-stem g, substantially as described.

4:- The combination with the shell 0, carrying the air-chamber c and the air-duct h of the head h screwed into the end thereof and carrying groove h and ducts 72E, communicating with duct 7%, and the cap 75 secured to the end of said shell 0, a reservoir It being pro vided between the head it and the cap 7.; for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination with the shell carrying an air-chamber in communication with the air-supply, of a central paint-outlet, an airoutlet situated about the paint-outlet, and an air-reservoir situated between the air-chamber and the air-outlet, the passage between the air-chamber and the air-outlet being of substantially uniform area, whereby the air is compressed in the air-chamber and acts as a cushion to render the flow of air more uniform; substantially as described.

6. In an air-brush, the combination with a needle, of a tube surrounding the same, an annular opening for the paint being formed between the needle and the tube, a second tube surrounding the first, an annular opening for the air being formed between the two tubes, the end of said first-mentioned tube being extended beyond the end of the secondmentioned tube whereby the annular opening for the paint occupies a position in advance of the annular opening for the air; substantially as described.

7. The combination with the detachable head it secured to the end of the shell and carrying an extended portion or tube h of the tip 11 screwed into the end of said tube k and the cap 7c secured to the shell and inclosing said head hand tip '5, the end of said tip 6 extending beyond the end of cap it substantially