US55218A - Improvement in feed-water injectors - Google Patents

Description

JOHN ROBINSON AND JAMES GBESHAM, OF MANCHESTER, GREAT BRITAIN.

y|it/HDROvEii/iENT IN FEED-WATR iNJEOToRs.

Specilication forming part of Letters Patent No. 55,21@ dated May 29, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN ROBINSON and JAMES GRESHAM, of the city of Manchester, in the county of Lancaster, and United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, have invented new and useful improvements in and applicable to that apparatus for raising and forcing iiuids and feeding steam-boilers known as Giffards Injector, and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying three sheets of drawings, which form a part of this specification, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Prior to the date of our invention, Giff'ards injector had been constructed in various ways, so as to effect an adjustment of the annular spaces for steam and water, or other liquid. One method has been by moving the steam cone or nozzle forming the partition between the steam and liquid and the `central conespindle, the combining cone or nozzle being fixed; and another method has been by connecting the combining cone or nozzle and the receiving cone or nozzle together, and arranging them with suitable packing, so that the larger end of the combining-nozzle could be adjusted to and from a fixed steam-nozzle to regulate the space for liquid, the steam being still adjusted by the central cone-spindle. By either of these methods, and by other methods hitherto used, internal packing has been necessary, which is liable to be burned or worn out, and it cannot be replaced without taking the apparatus to pieces at the cost of considerable trouble and inconvenience.

The Object of our invention is to dispense with the necessity for internal packing, to simplify the construction, and render the apparatus more effective and less liable to get out of order. I

Our invention consists in making the steamnozzle xed, and in adjusting the annular space for steam, as hitherto, and in combining therewith a peculiar arrangement for adjusting the annular space for liquid. There is one form of the internal bore for the combining and receiving nozzles in Giffards injector which vis found to give the best result; and the important feature of our invention may be considered to be the forming of these nozzles in two parts, one internal and the other external, but so arranged that when the two parts are together the form of the bore will approach as nearly as possible to the bore of these nozzles when they are each made in one piece. The external parts ofthe nozzles are iixed and the internal parts are movable, and the internal parts of the combining-nozzle, when the space for liquid is fully open, only extends a little past the small end of the steam-nozzle.

The point of our invention of most importance, by which we dispense with the necessity for packing and at the same time attain an easy iit, is in making the external diameters of the internal parts of the combining and receiving nozzles so small that at their ends they will be opposite that part of the passing current where it has attained its highest velocity, or where its velocity is not materially diminished; and by thisv arrangement the passing liquid has no tendency to escape between the internal and external parts of the combining and receiving nozzles, but rather to draw in air or iiuid which may escape from the overflow-orifice by accident or an imperfect adjustment of the steam and Water.

It' the internal parts of the combining and receiving nozzles are made too largein Idiameter, or if they are made to extend to that part of the bore of the nozzles which is of large diameter, then the velocity of the passing uid will be so far diminished that packing will be required to prevent its escape. The internal parts ofthe combining and receiving nozzles may be made in separate parts; but they are more simplymade in one piece, with one or more orices between them to allow for overflow, and these internal parts of the combining and receiving nozzles may be moved to adjust the space for liquid by a toothed rack and pinion.

The manner of carrying our invention into effect is illustrated by the accompanying three sheets of drawings.

Figure l, Sheet l, is a longitudinal section; Fig. 2, across-section at A B, Fig. l; and Fig. 3, an end view.

The casing or body of the injector is formed in two parts. One part, a, contains the central cone-spindle b, its stufing-box bl, and gland [Hand the steam-nozzle c, and the steampipe d leading to it. The other part of the 'nutand the shoulder on`the shaft. 3

short shaftA a hand-wheel, 703,is` iiXed,-which brass. jA 'l A p 5, and 6, Sheet 2, represent views ,casing orl body, a, of the injector containsvthe water,and the outlet-pipe h, for overiiow; and:

in this partfof the injector the valve t' is iitted toA prevent the return of th'ewater `whichhas.

passed `through the injector, and in this part is also iitted the piece nozzles, which piece has-a toothed rack formed upon its exterior that gears with la toothed pinion, k, formed upon a short shaft, k,"arf

ranged in bearings, as shown in-Fig. 2. `The shaft k1 being kept in position `by a screw-nut, k2, which also Aserves to put friction upon the shaft to prevent it from turning 'too easily, al leather collar bein g; used between the screwfA Upon the maybe graduatedf upon its edge, and provided with a pointer la, so that the extent of opening for Aluidmmay readilybe known.

The angles of ythe 1"`"rg`er 1d of the bore of 1 theV internal part e of the'fcombining-nozzle and the externalpart ofthe steam-nozzle c are made lrather"more obtuse than in the ordinaryj injector, so that a f shorter range of w `movement in the internal part e and j" is re-` quired to'oplen and shut the space for liquid.;

A hole, a, is made at vright angles to the part orming the internalnozzles to allow for` over- Phe injector represented by'iFigs. l, 2, and 3 1s supposed to be constructed entirely of Figs. 4, of an injector corresponding respectively to Figs.l,j2, and 3. "This: injector is supposed to-bemadewitha cast-iron casing, a and a', and withbrasspnozzles. Inother respects it is similartothat shown on `Sheet l."

`Figs. 7 8, and `9, SheetfS, are viewsV corresponding respectively to Figs. 4, 5, and 6 of anotherfinjector according to our invention,

forming the internal` parts e and fl of thecombining andreceiving but more limited in its range of action. 1n this v modiiication the receiving-nozzle f is formed in `,one piece, the internal part e of the combiningfnozzle being alone movable;V consequently the space varies between-the discharging-nozzle 'and receivingfnozzle. As the water-space is made to open and shut with a short movement,the f variation of the space between the nozzles for small ranges of variation in the pressure of steam do not materially `affect the `working of the instrument.

The injector is. adapted for Va high or low pressure boiler, by screwing the receivingnozzle vf in or out to a greater or less extent .'when `the injector is applied, and it will be seen that the receivingnozzlef and valve fi are specially arranged `forthis purpose.

" In feeding hotwater it may be desirable to 'close thespace for overiow, which can be ef- Qfected in this injector by forming one nozzle jto enterthe other as a valve, as shown, and

'by turning the hand-Wheel.

l The same letters and `figures of reference denote the same and-` corresponding parts in each gure of thedrawings.

' ture of our invention, and the manner in which `the saine may be carried into effect, and claim 'as our invention- Injectors Where the' internal nozzles el and 1 are actuated by atoothed rack and pinion, `and are arranged and combined with the external nozzles e and fand the steam-nozzle `c, substantially as hereinbefore setforth.

`In' testimony whereof we have signed our 'names to this specification Ain `the presence of two subscribing witnesses. i

J OHN` ROBINSON.

JAMES GRESHAM.

Witnesses:

'PETER J. LrvsEY, W. GIFEARD.

by bringing the two nozzles in close contact We have now particularlydescribed the na-

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