US550798A - moean - Google Patents

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US550798A
US550798A US550798DA US550798A US 550798 A US550798 A US 550798A US 550798D A US550798D A US 550798DA US 550798 A US550798 A US 550798A
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sand
pockets
air
drier
pipe
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • F26B17/122—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the material moving through a cross-flow of drying gas; the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, consisting of substantially vertical, perforated walls

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  • FIG. 1 is a vertical section through the sand-drier.
  • Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the lineXX of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a detail of construction.
  • Fig. 4. is a vertical section of a modification.
  • Fig. 5 is a vertical section of a portable drier, and
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-section of Fig. 5 on the line Y Y.
  • Fig. 7 is a section of another modification.
  • This, my invention relates to driers for sand or other material; and it consists of a series of pockets or other receptacles made of perforated metal or wire-netting in which the wet sand is held until dried, or partially dried, by a current of air.
  • the sand is sheet of metal set at an angle so that the dried sand will pass down it to an opening
  • the furnace is made,preferably, of a square or oblong form, of brick, as shown in Fig. 2, having the four walls A, B, C, and D.
  • the grate E At the bottom or lower part of the furnace is the grate E, having the usual ash-pit F and upper door G and lower door H.
  • the metal sheet or deflector, plate I Across the furnace is placed the metal sheet or deflector, plate I, being built in the walls A, B, and D, but with an opening between its lower edge and the wall 0.
  • the pockets K K K K made of wire-netting, perforated'sheet-iron',or like material.
  • pockets K K K K are attached to channeliron beams L L L L, which extend across the walls'B D, being embedded therein, the beams L L L L being placed sufficiently far apart to accommodate the pockets K K K K between them.
  • the center of the channeliron beams L L L L are holes M at various intervals, over which are placed pipes O O O 0, provided on their top with caps P P P P, of any suitable form, and above this is a conical roof ending in a smoke-stack Q.
  • the door B In the wall A, above the beams L L L L L and pockets K K K K K, is the door B, through which the sand to be dried is introduced.
  • an opening or outlet S near which the dried sand as it comes from the deflectorplate I is dropped, so that until removed it will close the opening S.
  • the pipeT Passing through this opening is shown the pipeT, of any suitable size or shape, open at each end for the inlet of air.
  • the heated sand lying on the pipe raises it to a high temperature and causes the air flowing through it to absorb heat from the sand which has been dried in the drier, thereby increasing the capacity of the air to absorb moisture and making it available to dry other screwed or riveted thereto; but the manner of the fastening of the pocket to the beam forms no part of the invention, as various devices may be used for that purpose.
  • Fig. 4 a modification of my drier, in which the pockets K K K K are made of wire-netting or perforated sheet met-a1 supported by beams V, extending across from and supported in the walls B I).
  • This arrangement of pockets is found desirable under some circumstances, and when the sand is not put in in heavy layers there will be sufficient outlet for the air or products of combustion without the necessity of the holes M. (Shown in Fig. 2.) Beneath these pockets is arranged the deflector-plate I, as in the other form of construction.
  • I may use the grate, as shown in Fig. 1, or may introduce beneath the plate I a pipe W, having outletpipes Y thereon.
  • a current of hot or dry air which may be 0btained from any source.
  • the pipe T which lies in the hot sand and through which hot air is introduced in the chamber, may be furnished with an extension 75, across which the discharge from. the pipe Y passes, creating an iii-current.
  • the hot air passes against the deflector-plate I around the lower edge and through the openings in the wire-netting or perforated metal of the pockets K.
  • This arrangement for the use of hot air is particularly adapted when the drier is used in connection with or near iron or other furnaces where there is hot air or hot gases which are ordinarily allowed to escape.
  • the pocket shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 4 may be used with the hot-air blast generated either by the furnace of Fig. 1, or in any other manner, with out departing from the nature of this my invention.
  • introducing hot air through the pipe I may introduce by means of ablower or air-compressor a current of air without heating it, as shown in Fig. 7 of the drawings, wherein the air is supplied to the distributingpipe W by the blower and through the distributing-pipe IV to the distributing-pipe g, as in many states of the atmosphere such current would be efficient in drying the sand and operating the drier.
  • Fig. 5 being a vertical section of a portable drier, shows the walls 1 made of sheet metal having the pockets K K K, and in addition to the pockets of the other form of drier an annular pocket 2, formed on one side by the wall 1 of the drier and on the other side bya perforated metal or netting 3, being open at the top, so as to admit sand when introduced through the door R above the pockets.
  • This annular space in fact, forms one pocket for sand and at the same time acts as a preventive of radiation from the walls 1 of the furnace.
  • the other parts of the drier, as over the grate E, are provided with fire-clay lining Al, as may be the walls over the pockets 5 6.
  • This drier is shown made in a circular crosssection.
  • It may, however, be made square or oblong. It is also provided with a deflector-plate I and discharge-outlet S, as the other forms of construction heretofore described, a vent pipe or fine Q, and a door B, through which the sand is delivered to the pockets.
  • the opening in the perforated metal or wire-netting of which the pockets are formed is from one-eighth to three-quarters of an inch, or of such size as dry sand will readily pass through. I have found that about one-quarter inch gives good results, although the degrees of fineness and the degree of moisture of the sand introduced and the freedom from moisture required may require a variance from the size of the perforations specified.
  • the slide-plate I is set at such an angle that moist sand will stick to it, while dry sand will slide on it, and I have found that the angle shown in the drawings, Fig. 1, gives good results. I may, however, use a plate or slide I more nearly vertical than shown, so as to carry the sand immediately to the outlet S.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets'--Shee1i 1.
, D. E. MORAN.
SAND DRIER.
No. 550,798. Patented Dec. 3, 1895.
(No Model.) 3 Sheets-SheetJ-2.
D. E. MORAN.
SAND DRIER.
No. 550.798 PatentedDe0.8,1 895.
ANDREW BYGRANAM. PHOlO-UTHO WASHINGTON D c (No Model.) a Sheets-SheetB.
D. E. MORAN! SAND DRIER.
No. 550,798. Patented Dec. 3, 1895.
INVEN TOR A TTORNEY NITED STATES l DANIEL EDW'ARD MORAN, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y.
SAND-DRIER.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 550,798, dated December 3, 1895.
Application filed June 6, 1895. Serial No. 551,814. (No model.)
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, DANIEL EDWARD Mo- RAN, of the city of New York and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Sand-Briers, of which the following is such a full, clear, and exact description as will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical section through the sand-drier. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the lineXX of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail of construction. Fig. 4. is a vertical section of a modification. Fig. 5 is a vertical section of a portable drier, and Fig. 6 is a cross-section of Fig. 5 on the line Y Y. Fig. 7 is a section of another modification.
This, my invention, relates to driers for sand or other material; and it consists of a series of pockets or other receptacles made of perforated metal or wire-netting in which the wet sand is held until dried, or partially dried, by a current of air. When the sand is sheet of metal set at an angle so that the dried sand will pass down it to an opening,
from which it is removed.- In order to insure that the air will act as a drying medium it is generally expedient to heat it, thereby in creasing its capacity for moisture, and Ihave therefore provided a furnace.
The furnace is made,preferably, of a square or oblong form, of brick, as shown in Fig. 2, having the four walls A, B, C, and D. At the bottom or lower part of the furnace is the grate E, having the usual ash-pit F and upper door G and lower door H. Across the furnace is placed the metal sheet or deflector, plate I, being built in the walls A, B, and D, but with an opening between its lower edge and the wall 0. Above the deflector-plate I are the pockets K K K K,made of wire-netting, perforated'sheet-iron',or like material. These pockets K K K K are attached to channeliron beams L L L L, which extend across the walls'B D, being embedded therein, the beams L L L L being placed sufficiently far apart to accommodate the pockets K K K K between them. In the center of the channeliron beams L L L L are holes M at various intervals, over which are placed pipes O O O 0, provided on their top with caps P P P P, of any suitable form, and above this is a conical roof ending in a smoke-stack Q. In the wall A, above the beams L L L L and pockets K K K K, is the door B, through which the sand to be dried is introduced. Below the lower edge of the deflector-plate I in the wall 0 is an opening or outlet S, near which the dried sand as it comes from the deflectorplate I is dropped, so that until removed it will close the opening S. Passing through this opening is shown the pipeT, of any suitable size or shape, open at each end for the inlet of air. The heated sand lying on the pipe raises it to a high temperature and causes the air flowing through it to absorb heat from the sand which has been dried in the drier, thereby increasing the capacity of the air to absorb moisture and making it available to dry other screwed or riveted thereto; but the manner of the fastening of the pocket to the beam forms no part of the invention, as various devices may be used for that purpose.
In Fig. 4 is shown a modification of my drier, in which the pockets K K K K are made of wire-netting or perforated sheet met-a1 supported by beams V, extending across from and supported in the walls B I). This arrangement of pockets is found desirable under some circumstances, and when the sand is not put in in heavy layers there will be sufficient outlet for the air or products of combustion without the necessity of the holes M. (Shown in Fig. 2.) Beneath these pockets is arranged the deflector-plate I, as in the other form of construction.
I may use the grate, as shown in Fig. 1, or may introduce beneath the plate I a pipe W, having outletpipes Y thereon. Through this pipe IV and outlet-pipe Y is introduced a current of hot or dry air, which may be 0btained from any source. The pipe T, which lies in the hot sand and through which hot air is introduced in the chamber, may be furnished with an extension 75, across which the discharge from. the pipe Y passes, creating an iii-current. The hot air passes against the deflector-plate I around the lower edge and through the openings in the wire-netting or perforated metal of the pockets K. This arrangement for the use of hot air is particularly adapted when the drier is used in connection with or near iron or other furnaces where there is hot air or hot gases which are ordinarily allowed to escape. The pocket shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 4 may be used with the hot-air blast generated either by the furnace of Fig. 1, or in any other manner, with out departing from the nature of this my invention.
Instead of introducing hot air through the pipe I may introduce by means of ablower or air-compressor a current of air without heating it, as shown in Fig. 7 of the drawings, wherein the air is supplied to the distributingpipe W by the blower and through the distributing-pipe IV to the distributing-pipe g, as in many states of the atmosphere such current would be efficient in drying the sand and operating the drier.
Fig. 5, being a vertical section of a portable drier, shows the walls 1 made of sheet metal having the pockets K K K, and in addition to the pockets of the other form of drier an annular pocket 2, formed on one side by the wall 1 of the drier and on the other side bya perforated metal or netting 3, being open at the top, so as to admit sand when introduced through the door R above the pockets. This annular space, in fact, forms one pocket for sand and at the same time acts as a preventive of radiation from the walls 1 of the furnace. The other parts of the drier, as over the grate E, are provided with fire-clay lining Al, as may be the walls over the pockets 5 6. This drier is shown made in a circular crosssection. It may, however, be made square or oblong. It is also provided with a deflector-plate I and discharge-outlet S, as the other forms of construction heretofore described, a vent pipe or fine Q, and a door B, through which the sand is delivered to the pockets.
Having described the construction of the driers, I will now proceed to set forth the mode of operation.
The air introduced through the pipe \V, in the form shown in Fig. 4, and the products 'of combustion from the fire on the grate E,
in the construction shown in the said drawings, comes in contact with the plate I, is defiected by it, passing around the lower edge of it, up over its surface against the pockets K K K K, and between thepockets through the holes M in the channel-irons, or through the perforations of the perforated iron or wirenetting, to the upper chamber, and thence out through the vent-pipe Q. \Vet sand, or sand that is to be dried, is thrown in the pockets K K K K through the door R until the pockets are filled; and the sand may be thrown in to a height equal to the said pipes 0, where such pipes are used, or so as to thinly cover the upper part of the pockets by the beams V V V, in Fig. 4. The air or products of combustion passing between the pockets and through the perforations to a certain extent carries off the moisture of the sand and removes the coherence due to the moist ure, causing the dried sand to fall through the perforations in. the sheet metal or wirenetting, falling through the air into the chamber below the pockets on the plate or slide, across which it passes, coming in contact with the air to the lower edge into the pile of sand at the outlet-opening S. lVhen heated air or a furnace is used, this pile of sand is hot and heats the pipe T, which is placed so as to be in the pile of sand, through which pipe air passes to the inside of the drier below the slide-plate I, absorbing in its passage heat from the heated sand. The opening in the perforated metal or wire-netting of which the pockets are formed is from one-eighth to three-quarters of an inch, or of such size as dry sand will readily pass through. I have found that about one-quarter inch gives good results, although the degrees of fineness and the degree of moisture of the sand introduced and the freedom from moisture required may require a variance from the size of the perforations specified.
The slide-plate I is set at such an angle that moist sand will stick to it, while dry sand will slide on it, and I have found that the angle shown in the drawings, Fig. 1, gives good results. I may, however, use a plate or slide I more nearly vertical than shown, so as to carry the sand immediately to the outlet S.
hat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. The combination in a sand drier of perforated sand pockets having perforations of such size as to retain the damp sand and allow the dry sand to pass through, with an airblowing apparatus arranged to introduce air in a chamber beneath the sand pockets and discharge the same above the sand pockets, substantially as specified and set forth.
2. The combination in a sand drier of perforated sand pockets; air chamber beneath the same; deflector plate beneath the pockets; and air-blowing apparatus arranged to introduce air in a chamber beneath the sand pockets and discharge the same above the sand pockets, substantially as specified and set forth.
The combination in a sand drier of perforated sand pockets; deflector plate inclined toward the outlet of the drier, so as to discharge the sand at the outlet of the drier and seal the same by the dry sand, substantially as specified and set forth.
4:. The combination in a sand drier of perforated sand pockets; vent pipes between the same; andan air-blowingapparatus arranged ratus; and air inlet pipes passing through to introduce air in a chamber beneath the the dried sand, substantially as specified and sand pockets and discharge the same above set forth.
the sand pockets, substantially as specified DANIEL EDWARD MORAN. 5 and set forth. Witnesses:
5. The combination in a sand drier 0f per- BARON IIIGHAM,
forated sand pockets; hot-air blowing appa- A. F. VKYNOR.
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