US548383A - Magnetic separator - Google Patents

Magnetic separator Download PDF

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US548383A
US548383A US548383DA US548383A US 548383 A US548383 A US 548383A US 548383D A US548383D A US 548383DA US 548383 A US548383 A US 548383A
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belt
magnetic
cylinder
chute
magnetized
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/10—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with cylindrical material carriers

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  • My invention relates to improvements in magnetic separators; and it is designed more particularly as an improvement upon the separator disclosed in my application for Letters Patent filed August 6, 1894, and serially nu mbered 519,696.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view of my improved machine.
  • Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section taken in the plane indicated by the line wwof Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the magnetic cylinder, showing the brushes and electrical connections.
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the bobbin removed from the cylinder.
  • A indicates a frame, which may be of any suitable construction to sustain and support the various mechanical parts of the machine.
  • A indicates a horizontal shaft which is suitably journaled in the lower portion of the supporting-frame, and is provided with a pulley a. to receive a belt or the like to take motion from any suitable driving mechanism.
  • a pulley a Secured to this shaft B is another pulley b, which receives an endless belt 0, passing over a pulley 0, fixed to an upper horizontal shaft D.
  • the shaft F carries a cylinder G, and said cylinder is connected and supported upon the shaft by hubs and spokes and is suitably insulated therefrom.
  • Vl ithin the cylinder G is placed a bobbin H, having suitably-insulated electric wires, and this bobbin is placed in contact with the internal surface of the cylinder, so as to magnetize the latter.
  • the shaft of the cylinder is provided with two collars f and g of non-conducting material, and these collars are surrounded by brass or other metallic bands It, to receive the current from the brushes I, carried from a suitable source of supply by means of the wires or conductors J and K.
  • the current entering through the conductor K will pass through the brush 1 to the inner brass or metallic collar h, and from this collar, by means of the conductor i, will pass through the insulatingcollar f to the coil on the bobbin.
  • the current will then pass from the bobbin to the wires 3' l, to the other brass or metallic band h, around the outer collar of the shaft, and through the wire J back to the source of supply. It will thus be seen that the cylinder will be thoroughly magnetized.
  • the cylinder G is connected with a roller G, of wood or other non-conducting material, arranged in advance of and below it by a canvas or nonmagnetic belt M, which, as well as passing over the cylinders, also passes over a wooden or other suitable pulley N, which is arranged in rear of and preferably in a plane above the cylinder G, as shown.
  • the shaft D is provided near one end with a pulley O, and an endless belt or band P passes from this pulley over a pulley Q on one end of the shaft F of the cylinder G, so as to impart motion thereto. hen motion is imparted to the shaft of the cylinder G, motion will be simultaneously imparted to the canvas or other belt M.
  • I provide the canvas belt with a central cord or rope R, which may be sewed or otherwise secured to the canvas, and I also provide such belt on its upper side with marginal cords or ropes S, which latter serve the additional function of guards for the sand or material and prevent the same from falling 0d the belt during operation.
  • bamboo strips may also be placed on the surface of the canvas to keep it properly stretched laterally.
  • the wooden pulley N is of a less diameter than the metallic cylinder, and is arranged at a greater altitude.
  • I provide an inclined chute T for the sand or nonmagnetic material, and leading from a point above the elevated end of this chute and inclined in an opposite direction is a chute or conveyer U, which receives and conducts the black sand or magnetic substance away.
  • the intersection of these two chutes is at a point where the belt M leaves contact with the cylinder G, and consequently the magnetic particles at this point becoming demagnetized will fall into the chute U, while the white sand or non-magnetic substances wilt begin to leave the belt as it passes around the roller G, there being nothing to retain it in contact. Should any of the nonmagnetic particles remain on the belt, they will be removed by the brush U on the upper end of the chute U, and will be compelled to drop upon the chute T.
  • This belt A may be composed of canvas, and passes over two drums B C of non-magnetic materials. These drums are secured on shafts which are suitably supported in the main frame and one of them may have apulley to receive a suitable drive-belt. These shafts, drums, and belts are placed under the cylinder G and roller G and extend slightly in rear of roller G and Well under cylinder G, so as to receive all the material from the belt M and carry it under the drum G, Where the magnetic material will be taken up, and as the canvas belt leaves the drum G will fall from said belt and be deposited on the chute U.
  • magnets A may be either stationary or rotary, as desired, and are magnetized and kept magnetized by induction or in any other suitable manner, and they serve to cause all of the magnetic material contained in the sand on the belt to separate from the non-magnetic material and rise in order to enable the belt M as it passes over the magnetized cylinder to better pick up the same and carry it to a point where it will fall upon the chute U, while the non-magnetic material will fall from the belt A. down upon the chute T, and from there will be carried off to a suitable point of discharge.
  • the sand which my improved machine is especially designed for separating contains oxide of iron and silica, the former being a magnetic material and the latter a non-magnetic material.
  • this sand is passed on a belt, as A, over a magnet or plurality of magnets, the oxide of iron or the magnetic material becomes polarized and forms into minute pyramid or bar shaped clusters, and consequently permits the silica or non-magnetic material to keep dropping to the surface of the belt, it not being influenced by magnetism.
  • the magnetic oxide of iron is raised to the surface as it passes over each magnet, and becomes thoroughly stratified after passing overa plurality of magnetssay ten or twelve.
  • Z indicates an elevator, which is shown as composed of an endless belt arranged upon an incline and carrying buckets r.
  • This belt passes over a shaft .9, suitably arranged in the upper part of the main frame, and carries a pulley which is connected with a pulley t6 on the drive-shaft D by means of an endless belt 1.
  • w indicates a feed chute or trough for delivering the crushed or pulverized material to be separated into the elevating-buckets
  • y indicates an inclined sieve arranged to receive from the elevator and disposed above the magnetized belt and just above or slightly in advance of the cylinder G.
  • This sieve is designed to separate gravel, rocks, and the like from the pulverized ore, and such gravel is carried off by a laterally-oblique chute or conveyer A, which leads to a suitable point of discharge.
  • a magnetic separator the combination of a magnetized cylinder, a non-magnetic belt arranged over the magnetized cylinder and taking around rollers arranged on opposite sides of the same, a non-magnetic belt arranged beneath and adjacent to the first named belt, and a magnet or plurality of magnets arranged beneath the second named belt so as to exercise its influence on the ore upon the said belt, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. 7
  • a magnetic separator the combination of a magnetic cylinder, non-magnetic rollers or drums arranged in rear and advance of the cylinder, a non-magnetic belt arranged over the magnetic cylinder and taking around the rollers 0r drums in rear and advance thereof, a non-magnetic belt arranged below and adjacent to the first named belt, a magnet or plurality of magnets arranged below the latter belt so as to exercise its influence on the ore on said latter non-conducting or non-magnetic belt, the chute U, arranged in advance of the magnetic belt and adapted to receive the magnetic particles from the nonmagnetic belt and the chute T, arranged so as to receive from the discharge end of the non-magnetic belt, all substantially as specified.
  • a magnetic separator the combination of a magnetized device, a non-magnetic belt having its forward portion arranged adjacent to the magnetized device, and a magnet or plurality of magnets arranged below the upper portion of said non-magnetic belt, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
  • a magnetic separator the combination of a magnetized cylinder, a non-magnetic belt taking around said cylinder and around a roller N, arranged in advance of the cylinder, a non-magnetic belt having its forward por tion arranged adjacent to the magnetized device and a magnet or plurality of magnets arranged below the upper portion of said nonmagnetic belt, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

Description

(No Model.) 2,Sheets-Sheet 1.
J. D. MGKINNON. MAGNETIC SEPARATOR.
Patented Oct. 22, 1895.
HOTO'UTMO WASDHNGFONJI C.
(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.
J. D. MGKINNON. MAGNETIC SBPARATOR.
No. 548,383. Patented 001;. 22, 1895.
ZU LYMS ses:
W/arrzey UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
JAMES D. MCKINNON, OF PORTLAND, OREGON.
MAGN ETIC SEPA RATO R.
$PECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 548,383, dated October 22, 1895. Application filed April 16, 1895- Serial No. 645,946. (No model.)
' To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, JAMES D. MCKINNON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Portland, in the county ofMultnomah and State of Oregon, have invented certain new and use ful Improvements in Magnetic Separators; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.
My invention relates to improvements in magnetic separators; and it is designed more particularly as an improvement upon the separator disclosed in my application for Letters Patent filed August 6, 1894, and serially nu mbered 519,696.
The novelty of the present invention will be fully understood from the following description and claims when taken in connection with the annexed drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view of my improved machine. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section taken in the plane indicated by the line wwof Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the magnetic cylinder, showing the brushes and electrical connections. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the bobbin removed from the cylinder.
Referring by letter to said drawings, A indicates a frame, which may be of any suitable construction to sustain and support the various mechanical parts of the machine.
B indicates a horizontal shaft which is suitably journaled in the lower portion of the supporting-frame, and is provided with a pulley a. to receive a belt or the like to take motion from any suitable driving mechanism. Secured to this shaft B is another pulley b, which receives an endless belt 0, passing over a pulley 0, fixed to an upper horizontal shaft D.
13 indicates a transversely-disposed horizontal shaft, which is supported at a suitable altitude in the main frame. The shaft F carriesa cylinder G, and said cylinder is connected and supported upon the shaft by hubs and spokes and is suitably insulated therefrom. Vl ithin the cylinder G is placed a bobbin H, having suitably-insulated electric wires, and this bobbin is placed in contact with the internal surface of the cylinder, so as to magnetize the latter. The shaft of the cylinder is provided with two collars f and g of non-conducting material, and these collars are surrounded by brass or other metallic bands It, to receive the current from the brushes I, carried from a suitable source of supply by means of the wires or conductors J and K. The current entering through the conductor K, as indicated by the arrow, will pass through the brush 1 to the inner brass or metallic collar h, and from this collar, by means of the conductor i, will pass through the insulatingcollar f to the coil on the bobbin. The current will then pass from the bobbin to the wires 3' l, to the other brass or metallic band h, around the outer collar of the shaft, and through the wire J back to the source of supply. It will thus be seen that the cylinder will be thoroughly magnetized. The cylinder G is connected with a roller G, of wood or other non-conducting material, arranged in advance of and below it by a canvas or nonmagnetic belt M, which, as well as passing over the cylinders, also passes over a wooden or other suitable pulley N, which is arranged in rear of and preferably in a plane above the cylinder G, as shown.
The shaft D is provided near one end with a pulley O, and an endless belt or band P passes from this pulley over a pulley Q on one end of the shaft F of the cylinder G, so as to impart motion thereto. hen motion is imparted to the shaft of the cylinder G, motion will be simultaneously imparted to the canvas or other belt M.
In order to more effectively hold the canvas belt spread upon the metallic cylinder G and to also hold the central portion snugly down in contact therewith, I provide the canvas belt with a central cord or rope R, which may be sewed or otherwise secured to the canvas, and I also provide such belt on its upper side with marginal cords or ropes S, which latter serve the additional function of guards for the sand or material and prevent the same from falling 0d the belt during operation. Bamboo strips may also be placed on the surface of the canvas to keep it properly stretched laterally. By the provision of these cords the magnetic force is increased by more firmly holding thebelt in contact with the surface of the cylinders.
It will be observed that the wooden pulley N is of a less diameter than the metallic cylinder, and is arranged at a greater altitude. Below the belt M, I provide an inclined chute T for the sand or nonmagnetic material, and leading from a point above the elevated end of this chute and inclined in an opposite direction is a chute or conveyer U, which receives and conducts the black sand or magnetic substance away. The intersection of these two chutes is at a point where the belt M leaves contact with the cylinder G, and consequently the magnetic particles at this point becoming demagnetized will fall into the chute U, while the white sand or non-magnetic substances wilt begin to leave the belt as it passes around the roller G, there being nothing to retain it in contact. Should any of the nonmagnetic particles remain on the belt, they will be removed by the brush U on the upper end of the chute U, and will be compelled to drop upon the chute T.
In order to catch the materials as they fall from the belt M as the same passes around the drum G, I have interposed an endless belt between the chute T and said belt M. This belt A may be composed of canvas, and passes over two drums B C of non-magnetic materials. These drums are secured on shafts which are suitably supported in the main frame and one of them may have apulley to receive a suitable drive-belt. These shafts, drums, and belts are placed under the cylinder G and roller G and extend slightly in rear of roller G and Well under cylinder G, so as to receive all the material from the belt M and carry it under the drum G, Where the magnetic material will be taken up, and as the canvas belt leaves the drum G will fall from said belt and be deposited on the chute U.
In order to separate the magnetic material from the non-magnetic material on the belt A, I provide one or more suitable magnets A within the belt A and between the drums 13 O, as illustrated. These magnets A may be either stationary or rotary, as desired, and are magnetized and kept magnetized by induction or in any other suitable manner, and they serve to cause all of the magnetic material contained in the sand on the belt to separate from the non-magnetic material and rise in order to enable the belt M as it passes over the magnetized cylinder to better pick up the same and carry it to a point where it will fall upon the chute U, while the non-magnetic material will fall from the belt A. down upon the chute T, and from there will be carried off to a suitable point of discharge. The sand which my improved machine is especially designed for separating contains oxide of iron and silica, the former being a magnetic material and the latter a non-magnetic material. \Vhen this sand is passed on a belt, as A, over a magnet or plurality of magnets, the oxide of iron or the magnetic material becomes polarized and forms into minute pyramid or bar shaped clusters, and consequently permits the silica or non-magnetic material to keep dropping to the surface of the belt, it not being influenced by magnetism. In this way the magnetic oxide of iron is raised to the surface as it passes over each magnet, and becomes thoroughly stratified after passing overa plurality of magnetssay ten or twelve.
Z indicates an elevator, which is shown as composed of an endless belt arranged upon an incline and carrying buckets r. This belt passes over a shaft .9, suitably arranged in the upper part of the main frame, and carries a pulley which is connected with a pulley t6 on the drive-shaft D by means of an endless belt 1.
w indicates a feed chute or trough for delivering the crushed or pulverized material to be separated into the elevating-buckets, and y indicates an inclined sieve arranged to receive from the elevator and disposed above the magnetized belt and just above or slightly in advance of the cylinder G. This sieve is designed to separate gravel, rocks, and the like from the pulverized ore, and such gravel is carried off by a laterally-oblique chute or conveyer A, which leads to a suitable point of discharge.
I prefer in practice to pass the material to be separated through a sieve y and place it upon the belt M; but it will be observed that the construction illustrated and described admits of the material being placed directly upon the rear end of the belt A, or where it takes around roller 0, and when desired this may be done.
In the practice of my invention I prefer to connect an amalgamator similar to that disclosed in my application for Letters Patent filed December 14, 1894:, and serially numbered 531,844, to the chute T, asillustrated in Fig. 1, so as to obtain any magnetic ore, which may perchance remain in the non-magnetic ore when the same is discharged from the machine. This, however, forms no part of my present invention.
In operation it will be seen that as the sand or pulverized ore is carried up by the elevator and deposited onto the sieve the fine particles passing through the sieve will be discharged upon the endless canvas belt, while the gravel and the like will be carried oft by the material chute orconveyerA. Motion is impartedthrough the medium of the belt to cylinder G and belt M, as before described. As the belt revolves the non-magnetic substances, together with the magnetic substances, Will fall upon the belt A, where the magnetic substances will be separated or caused to rise from the nOn magnetic substances by the magnets A so as to enable the belt M as it passes around the cylinder G to again take up the magnetic substances, while the non-magnetic substances will be discharged by the belt A onto the chute T. The magnetic substances will adhere to the belt until it reaches a point where the canvas belt M leaves the magnetized cylinder G", when they will fall from the belt onto the chute U to be conveyed to any suitable receptacle.
Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,
1. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a magnetized cylinder, a non-magnetic belt arranged over the magnetized cylinder and taking around rollers arranged on opposite sides of the same, a non-magnetic belt arranged beneath and adjacent to the first named belt, anda magnet or plurality of magnets arranged beneath the second named belt so as to exercise its influence on the ore upon the said belt, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. 7
2. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a magnetic cylinder, non-magnetic rollers or drums arranged in rear and advance of the cylinder, a non-magnetic belt arranged over the magnetic cylinder and taking around the rollers 0r drums in rear and advance thereof, a non-magnetic belt arranged below and adjacent to the first named belt, a magnet or plurality of magnets arranged below the latter belt so as to exercise its influence on the ore on said latter non-conducting or non-magnetic belt, the chute U, arranged in advance of the magnetic belt and adapted to receive the magnetic particles from the nonmagnetic belt and the chute T, arranged so as to receive from the discharge end of the non-magnetic belt, all substantially as specified.
3. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a magnetized device, a non-magnetic belt having its forward portion arranged adjacent to the magnetized device, and a magnet or plurality of magnets arranged below the upper portion of said non-magnetic belt, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
4. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a magnetized cylinder, a non-magnetic belt taking around said cylinder and around a roller N, arranged in advance of the cylinder, a non-magnetic belt having its forward por tion arranged adjacent to the magnetized device and a magnet or plurality of magnets arranged below the upper portion of said nonmagnetic belt, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.
JAMES D. MCKINNON.
Witnesses:
. E. J. J EFFERY,
Fasncrs CLARNO.
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