US545672A - Territory - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 7 4Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. M. BROWNING.

BOX MAGAZINE BOLT GUN.

No. 545,672. Patented Sept. 3,1895.

M. BROWNING.

BOX MAGAZINE BOLT GUN.

4 SheetsSheet 2. l

(No Model.)'

Patented Sept. 3; 1895.

E N LN M u & Q W

J. MQBROWNING. BOX MAGAZINE BOLT GUN.

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

Patented Sept. 3,1895.

4 Sheets-Sheet 4. I

(No Model.)

J. M. BROWNING. BOX MAGAZINE BOLT GUN.

No. 545,672. PatentedSep' t. a, 1895.

W, i .W .1!!!

Hill

UNrTnn JOHN M. BROWNING, OF OGDEN,

ATENT Demon.

.UTAH TERRITORY, ASSIGNOR TO CONNECTICUT.

BOX-MAGAIVZEINE BOLT-GUN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 545,672, dated September 3, 1895. Application filed April 29, 18Q5. Serial No. 547,520. (No model.)

To all, whom it may concern.-

Be it known that LJOHN M. BROWNING, of Ogden, in the county of Weber and Territory of Utah, have invented a new Improvement in Breech-Loading Box-Magazine Guns; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, 111- Figure ],a broken view in side elevation of one form which a gun constructed in accordance with my invention may assume; Fig. 2, a reverse plan view thereof; Fig. 3, a view drawn to a larger scale and showing the gun partly in elevation and partly in vertical longitudinal central section, the plate or cover being in its closed position and the carrier in its elevated position; Fig. 4, a detached plan view of the cover and carrier; Fig. 5, a'detached View of the cover or plate in side elevation; Fig. 6, a corresponding view of the carrier; Fig. 7, a detached view in side elevation of the lower tang of the gun, including the box-magazine and the pivotal cover and carrier thereof, the same being shown in their open positions; Fig. 8, a broken plan view of the tang and box-magazine, from Whichlatter the carrier and cover have been removed; Fig. 9, a broken view, partly in hori zontal section and partly in plan, showing the breech-bolt in its locked position and dc signed with particular reference to illustrating my improved ejector; Fig. 10, a similar but less comprehensive view showing the breech-bolt in its open position and the ejector as shot forward for the ejection of a cartridge; Fig. 11, a view in transverse section on the line efof Fig. 9.

My invention relates to an improvement in breech-loading box-magazine firearms, the object being to produce a simple, compact, strong, .highly efiective, and safe gun, containing comparatively few parts and constructed with particular reference to provision for charging the box-magazine with cartridges from the bottom of the frame of the arm while the breech-boltris in its closed position, so that the arm may be charged without operating its action mechanism or disturbing the cartridge in the gun-barrel, if one is there.

With these ends in view my invention consists in a cover or plate, pivoted at its forward end and closing the bottom of the magazine, a carrier pivotally connected at its forward end with the said cover or plate, and one or more springs for operating the cover or plate and carrier.

My invention further consists in an ejector, provided at its extreme rear end with an inwardly extending lifting-shoulder and an outwardly-projecting retracting-shoulder and at its forward end with an outwardly-projecting operating-shoulder and with an inwardlyprojecting ejecting-shoulder, located in advance of the said operating-shoulder.

My invention further consists in asafetylock mounted in the frame of the arm, adapted to engage with the slide when the same is in its closed position and lock it therein, and also adapted to be engaged by the hammer, which depresses the lock to release the slide just before the hammer reaches its down position.

My invention further consists in certain details of construction and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In carrying out my invention I employ a long narrow cover or plate A, constructed at its rear end with lateral extensions or lugs A'A, adapting it to be readily grasped for manual operation and pivotally hung at its forward end upon atransverse horizontal pin B, the ends of which extend into the opposite walls of the forward portion of the boxmagazine C, which, as. shown, is formed integral with the lower tang D of the arm and secured in place by means of screws D and D the latter forming also the fulcrum of the hammer D The lower portion or bottom of the box-magazine is made open and the said cover or plate A fits into it, as shown in Fig 2. The lugs AA' before mentioned serve as finger-pieces for grasping the barrel G. The said carrier is enlarged at itsforward end andpivotally hung on a horizontal pin E, the ends of which extend into the inner edges of the-forward end of the cover or plate A, and which maybe said tobe eccentric in position to the position of-the pin B, on which the saidcover or plate is suspended. I

A segmental clearance-slot E formed in the enlarged forward end of the carrier, receives the pin B, as shown in Fig. 2, the lower end of this slot forming a stop limiting the elevation of the carrier. The extreme forward end of the plate A is constructed with a shoulder 0.,

- while the extreme forward end of the carrier E is constructed with a shoulder e, the saidshoulders at and e being simultaneously engaged, when the cover or plate A isin its closed position, by-a spring H, located in a springchamber 11, formed in the fraineI of the arm at a point under the rear end of the gun-bar-..

rel G, the forward end of the spring being socured in place by meansofascrew H3, as shown in Fig. 3. When the cover or. plate is in its closed position, asseen in Fig. 3, the spring I-I engages with the'shoulder e of the carrier E and exerts a constant effort to lift the carrier, and hence the cartridges in the box-magazine C. At the same time the spring acts, either through the carrier or directly on the shoulder a of the plate, to hold the same in its closed position, for it is to be observed that=the engagement of the spring with the carrier. and plate is at a point forward of the pin B, on which the plate or cover is hung. -When the cover or plate is in its closed or normal position, the spring H thus performs the twofold. function of holding the plate or cover closed.

and of lifting the carrier. When, however,

the cover or plate is thrown down into its open position, as shown -in-Fig. 7, the spring rides off over the shoulder e of the carrier and off the shoulder a of the cover or plate, so that it ceases to haveany direct action upon the cover but as the plate is swung around the spring is virtuallytransferred from its shouldera to Q its cam surface a, which is located'belowthe said shoulder, but above the pin B, whereby the spring gets such apurchase on the plate orcover as to exert. aneffort to hold it in its open position. As the coverisbeingthrown into its open position, the cam-face e of the carrier engages with the transverse tie G, located at the forward end of the box-magazine, in such a manner that the carrier will be thrown down into the groove A of the plate or cover and maintained therein out of the way while the said plate or cover is open. With the plate or cover thus held out of the way the box-magazine may be charged from its bottom with no more obstruction from the cover or carrier than if the same had been entirely removed from the gun.

The box-magazine shown and described is formed, as before stated, integral with the lower tang of the arm, and is to be distinguished from that class of box-magazines which are made of sheet metal and inserted into a chamber formed in the frame of the arm. It isprovided toward its forward portion with two upwardly-extending spring-fingers J, which engage with the ball portions of the cartridges and prevent the same from being deflected sidewise as they are being fed upward, and in fact retard their upward movement until they are brought into position to engage with a lifting-cam J, formed in the frame, as clearly shown in Fig. 3, the said cam lifting them into position to be introducedinto the chamber of the gun-barrel when their heads are engaged by the breechbolt in the forward movement thereof. At its rear end the magazine is furnished with a forwardly-inclined box-like guideway K, adapted to receive the heads of the cartridges and also preventing the cartridges from being displaced while they are being fed upward, the forward edges of the said guideway being turned inward at a right angle to form retaining-flanges 7c.

Iwill next describe myv improved ejector L, which is located in a longitudinal groovef, Fig.

11, formedinthe left-hand side of the breech-' cartridges for the ejection of the same, and

upon its outer face with an operating-shoulder Z, which is located to the rear of the shoulder 1, and which engages with the extreme inner corner of the abutment face I, as shown in Fig. 10, for arresting the rearward movement of the ejector with the breech-bolt F, and therefore bringing the shoulder Z into play for. ejecting the cartridge, as indicated in that figure. that it will be understood that shortly before the breech-bolt reaches its fully-open position the ejector is virtually shot forward suddenly and its shoulderl impinged against the head of the cartridge in such a manner as to cause thesame to be projected from thearm. I

In this connection I may say.

IIO

bolt slide, which is located at one side of and in the same horizontal plane with the breechbolt and connected with an action-bar F extending rearwardly from a sliding supporting-handle F located forward of the action mechanism of the arm.

I do not now enterinto any detailed description of the construction just referred to, inasmuch as it forms no part of my present invention. The said ejector L is longitudinally bowed, so that its rear end has a constanttendency to spring inward, and is constructed at its extreme rear end with a retracting-shoulder Z and with a lifting-shoulder Z respectively extending outward and inward. The extreme rear end of the groovef, Fig. 10, in the breech-bolt is recessed, as at f, for the reception of the lifting-shoulder Z of the ejector and constructed with a bevel face f located at the forward end of the recess, for coactioniwiththe said lifting-shoulder Z just referred to. I In the normal position (shown vin Fig. 9) of the ejector the lifting-shoulder? islocat'ed in the'rece ss f in the breech-bolt. When, however,the breech-bolt is drawn back, and just before it reaches the limit of its rearward movement, its operating-shoulder Z engages with the abutment-face I, as shownin Fig. 10, causing the'arrest of the ejector and the ejection of the cartridge, the breech-bolt continuing to move rearward for a short distance. The said movement of the breech-bolt, after the ejector has been stopped, as, shown in Fig. 10, causes the lifting-shoulder Z at the rear end of the ejector, to ride up out of the recess f and over the bevel f whereby the rear end of the ejector is sprung outward, as shown in Fig. 10, so as to bring its retractingshoulder Z into position to engage with the frame of the gun at the point 1', Figs. 9 and 10, during the closing movement of the breechbolt. When thesaid engagement takes place, the ejector will be arrested until the continuing forward movement of the breech-bolt has brought the lifting-shoulder Z of the ejector into line with the recess f of the breech-bolt, at which time the rear end of the ejector will spring back into its normal position, whereby the retracting-shoulder Z will be cleared from the point z'of the frame. This operation permits the breech-bolt to move forward with respect to the ejector for a distance represented by the separation of the ejectingshoulder Z and the operating-shoulder Z, so that the real effect of temporarily stopping the ejector by means of the retracting-shoulder l is to permit the forward face of the breech-bolt to catch up, so to speak, with the ejectingshoulder Z. The object of this is to insure a right position of the ejector prior to the elevation of the head of the cartridge, being fed squarely in front of the breech-bolt, with the forward face of which the ejectingshoulder Z must then be practically flush; for, if the ejector were in the position in which it is shown in Fig. 10 at the time of lifting the head of the cartridge being fed, into its highest position, in which it is squarely in front of the breech-bolt, the ejector would interfere with the feeding of the cartridge, either making its feeding impossible or cooking it off one way or the other. In this connection I may say that although the ball end of the cartridge is elevated at about the time the breechbolt begins to move forward the head of the cartridge is not released and allowed to assume a position squarely in front of the breech-bolt until the same has moved forward for something like half its length. In this connection I may say that the use of myimproved ejector is not limited to a breech-bolt constructed and operated in the particular manner shown and described.

The last feature of my invention consists in a sliding lock M, arrangedto play up and down in a suitable opening M, formed for it in the tie M of the frame I. The extreme upper end of the lock is constructed with a locking-rib m, taking into a transverse'locking-notch in, formed in the under face 'of the rear end of the slide F At its lower end the lock is slotted, as at MP, to receive a guiding and supporting pin m while a spring m resting at its lower end upon the pin and extending thence upward into the lock, is provided for exerting a constant effort to lift the lock and snap its locking-rib into thelockingnotch in the slide. The upward movement of the lock is limited by its stop shoulder m The rear face of the lock is cut away, as at m to receive a shoulder m which enters it from the forward edge of the hammer D which is constructed and arranged so that, just before it reaches the limit of its down or fired position, the shoulder m engages with the bottom of the notch m and depresses the look so as to disengage its ribm from the notch m, and thus release the slide. By means of the lock the breech-bolt slide, and hence the breech-bolt, is locked in its closed position, from which it cannot be unlocked except by firing the gun or letting the hammer down, which is sometimes done for the particular purpose of unlocking the slide, and hence the breech.

It is obvious that the several features of my invention shown and described are not necessarily used in combination with each other in one gun, but that they may be used in any combinations and wherever applicable in other situations, as in guns of other construction. I would therefore have it understood that I do not limit myself to the exact construction herein shown and described, but hold myself at liberty to make such changes and alterations as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of my invention.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a box-magazine fire arm, the combination'with a cover or plate, pivotally hung by box-magazine, of a carrier pivotally. mounted its forward end-and closing the bottom of the at. its forward end inthe forward end of the said cover or plate, and a" spring for; lifting,

: the carrier to feed the cartridges upward inthe box-magazine, substantially asset forth.

2. In a box-magazinefire arm,the combinacartridges upward. in the-:box-magazine, and:

substantially as set forth.

3;. In a box-magazinefire-arm,.the'combination with a'cover or-plate, adapted toclose' the open bottom ofithe box-magazine andpivot allyhung by its forward end, .of arcarrieripiv-y -oted in the forward. end of. theisaid cover orplate-andaspringarranged tocoactwith the va said cover or .plate t0 hold it inyboth its closed and open positions and with, the;car-;

q rier to liftithesame, when the cover or plate isclosed, for feeding the cartridges upward.

a in the'box-magazine,substantiallyas set:forth;.

4. In a box magazine fire-,arm ,-the:combination with a coverorplateadapted to close the.'

, open bottom ofthe box magazine, and-pivot'- 1 allyhung by its'fo1-ward1end,which is con-.:. structed with a-shoulder, of a carrier pivot-- ally mounted in the forward-end of thesaid cover or. plate andconstructed at its forward end with a shoulder, anda spring co-acting with the said :shoulders, substantially as set Ming shoulder, substantially as set forth.

forth.

5.- In-aboX-magazinefire arm, the combination with a cover or plate adapted toclos'e the open bottom of the box-magazine, pivotally hung by its forward end and constructed in its inner face with a longitudinal groove, of a carrier pivoted in the forward end of the a cam-surfacewhich coacts with thesaid web,

I or tie in forcing the carrier to follow thetsaid cover or plate-when swung into its open posi tion, anda spring toholdthe cover in its closed position and elevatethe carrier to lift the cartridges upward in the box-magazine, substantially as described. 7

7. In a box-magazine fire arm, the combinationwith a box-magazine having at its forward enda-transverse web or tie, of acoversaid cover or plate and adapted to enter thesaid groove therein when the plate or cover,

or, plate pizvotally hung by its forward-end in theyforwardendof the box-magazine, the open bottom of which it closes when in its closed position,'a carrier'pivoted at itsforward end in the forward end of the said cover or-plate at a point eccentric to the pivot thereof, and constructed with a cam surface arranged to engage with the said web or tie when the plate is: swung into its open positionfor causing the carrier to positivelyswing open with the plate, and a spring coacting with the carrier in theclosed position of the plate to feed the cartridges upward in-the box-magazine, sub- ;stantially assetforth. to at the same time .coact with, thecover-or .plate to hold-the same in its closed position,..

8:. Ina box-magazine fire arm,-the combina .tion with a box-magazine, combined with the lower-tang of. the:arm and constructedwith two spring fingers :arranged to engage with the'ballportions of the cartridges, and with a boxslike,forwardly-inclined guideway to receive-theheads of the cartridges; of a'cover orplate pivotally:hung by its forward end andadapted to close the open bottom of the box-magazine, a carrier pivoted at its forward end in-the forwardend of theplate or cover, and a carrier-spring;coactin g with the carrier to lift; thecartridges upward in ,thebox-maga- ,zine, substantially as setforth.

9; In a fire arm, the combination with a breech-bolt, of, a. longitudinally and laterally .movable ejector, mounted therein and fur- =nished at its forward end with an inwardly :projecting ejecting shoulder, and an outwardly projecting operating shoulder located in the rear of the ejecting shoulder, and at its rear end with. an inwardly projecting lifting shoulder'and an outwardly projecting retract- 10. In a fire arm, the combination with a .frame constructed with a'locking abutment,

of: a breech-bolt adapted to have its rearend swung into engagement with the said abutment, whereby it is locked in its closed position, and constructed with a longitudinal groove-terminating at its rear end in a recess, theforward wall of-which is beveled, and an ejector located in the said groove and constructed at its forward end with an ejecting shoulder whichengages with the heads of the cartridges, and with an operating shoulder which engages with thejsaidabutment face, and at its rear end with a lifting shoulder which enters the recess of the breech-bolt and tcoacts with the beveled forward wall thereof, and with a;retracting shoulder whichtemporarily-engages with the frame of the. arm during-the forward movement of the. breech,

.wherebyithe ejector is virtually retracted so as to bring its ejecting shoulder into substantial alignment with .the forward face of the breech-bolt, substantially as set forth.

, l1. Ina fire:arm,.the combination with a breech-bolt, of abreech-bolt slide located at .oneaside thereof and in the same horizontal plane therewith, a. hammer, a spring-lifted sliding locklocated below the rear end of the breech-bolt slide, and adapted to engage therewith and lock the same and hence the breech in its closed position, and engaged by the hammer for being depressed and retired into its unlocked position just before the hammer reaches its full down or fired position, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN M. BROWNING.

Witnesses:

JOHN E. RAMSDEN, KATE LINEHAN.

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