US545295A - Air-brake system - Google Patents

Air-brake system Download PDF

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US545295A
US545295A US545295DA US545295A US 545295 A US545295 A US 545295A US 545295D A US545295D A US 545295DA US 545295 A US545295 A US 545295A
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valve
air
cylinder
port
leading
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61H11/00—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types
    • B61H11/005—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types in combination with rail sanding, door opening or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/12—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid
    • B60T13/14—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid using accumulators or reservoirs fed by pumps
    • B60T13/141—Systems with distributor valve

Definitions

  • Fig. 4 is a plan view of the valve-disk
  • Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view of my preferred system.
  • My invention relates to the air-brake systems for use upon electric, cable, and other street-cars, wherein straight air is used, and is designed to provide a valve which may be operated by the conductor from any part of the car, and which shall bring the car to a stop as quickly as possible.
  • 2 represents the valve-casing having an inner flat seat against which is pressed the upper face of the disk-valve 3.
  • this casing are several openings, of which 4 is the supply-port leading air from the reservoir into the lower end of the casin g, and 5 is the port leading to the cylinder which operates the sand-snpply to the wheels of the car, while port 6 leads to a whistle and port 7 to the braking-cylinder.
  • the disk 3 is provided with holes or through-ports 8, 9, and 10 and with a grooved port 11.
  • the valve-seat is provided with a port 13 leading to the whistle-pipe, ports 14.
  • the ports in the valve-seat are so related in position to each other that when the valve is at one extremity of its motion and in its normal position none of the ports in the valve register with those in the seat except the grooved port 11, which connects the ports 14 and 16.
  • the port 8 registers with the port 13, thus sounding the whistle, and at the same time the port 9 registers with the port 14, thus operating the sand-releasing cylinder and supplying sand to the wheels.
  • these ports are cutoff and the port 10 comes into register with the port 15, thus connecting the air-reservoir with the brake-cylinder and setting the brake.
  • a spring is preferably connected with the actuating-lever 18 to force it back to its original position as soon as released, upon which the ports are all thrown out of register, except that the port 11 connects ports 14 and 16, thus exhausting the air from the sand'supply cylinder.
  • the air in the brake-cylinder is exhausted by the motorman by means of the ordinary three-way valve in the cab.
  • the lever 18 is operated by a cord, which preferably extends the entire length of the car, so that the valve may be operated from any point in the car, the valve itself being located beneath the seat or in any other convenient locality.
  • I preferably employ for this emer gency-valve the auxiliary reservoir 2% of Fig. 5, in which figure 25 is the main reservoir, and 26 are check-valves in the supply-pipe to each.
  • 27 is the supply-pipe leading to the reservoir, and 28 the pipe leading from the main reservoir to the motormans valve.
  • the emergency-valve is entirely independent of the usual braking system, and the auxiliary reservoir can never be exhausted except by the emergency-valve itself, and hence is always ready forsuch emergency.
  • a main reservoir, and an auxiliary reservoir having a connection thcrebetween provided with a checkvalve arranged to prevent back flow from the auxiliary reservoir, a supply pipe leading into said connection, a pipe leading from the main reservoir to a valve controlling the brakecylinder and a pipe leading from the auxiliary reservoir to an emergency valve controlling the brake-cylinder; substantially as described.
  • an emergency valve arranged to first admit air to the sanding cylinder and there after to the brake-cylinder, said valve having a port arranged to exhaust the sanding cylinder after the air is cut off from the brakingcylinder; substantially as described.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.
H. E. HUNT. AIR BRAKE SYSTEM (No Model.)
No. 545,295. Patented Aug. 27,1895.
UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.
HERBERT E. HUNT, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.
AIR-BRAKE SYSTEM.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 545,295, dated August 27, 1895.
Application filed December 24, 1894. Serial No. 532,759- (No model? cross-section on the line III III of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of the valve-disk, and Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view of my preferred system.
My invention relates to the air-brake systems for use upon electric, cable, and other street-cars, wherein straight air is used, and is designed to provide a valve which may be operated by the conductor from any part of the car, and which shall bring the car to a stop as quickly as possible.
In the drawings, 2 represents the valve-casing having an inner flat seat against which is pressed the upper face of the disk-valve 3. In this casing are several openings, of which 4 is the supply-port leading air from the reservoir into the lower end of the casin g, and 5 is the port leading to the cylinder which operates the sand-snpply to the wheels of the car, while port 6 leads to a whistle and port 7 to the braking-cylinder. The disk 3 is provided with holes or through- ports 8, 9, and 10 and with a grooved port 11. The valve-seat is provided with a port 13 leading to the whistle-pipe, ports 14. and 14 leading to the sand-supply cylinder, a port 15 leading to the brake-pipe, and an exhaust-port 16 leading into a recess having an opening 17 leading to the atmosphere. Bridges 17' are provided, as shown, between the ports 13, 14, 15, and 16 to cut off inter-communication between these ports. The disk-valve is rotated by a lever 18, applied to a rotary stem 19, which extends through the valve-casing, and to hold the valve in place when there is no pressure in the chamber I provide the light spiral spring 20, pressing against the under face of the disk. There are preferably provided two stopshoulders 21 and 22 on the valve-casing, adapted to engage a lug 23 upon the operating-la ver at the opposite limits of motion of the valve. The ports in the valve-seat are so related in position to each other that when the valve is at one extremity of its motion and in its normal position none of the ports in the valve register with those in the seat except the grooved port 11, which connects the ports 14 and 16. When the valve-lever is moved from this position, the port 8 registers with the port 13, thus sounding the whistle, and at the same time the port 9 registers with the port 14, thus operating the sand-releasing cylinder and supplying sand to the wheels. As the lever passes on, these ports are cutoff and the port 10 comes into register with the port 15, thus connecting the air-reservoir with the brake-cylinder and setting the brake. A spring is preferably connected with the actuating-lever 18 to force it back to its original position as soon as released, upon which the ports are all thrown out of register, except that the port 11 connects ports 14 and 16, thus exhausting the air from the sand'supply cylinder. The air in the brake-cylinder is exhausted by the motorman by means of the ordinary three-way valve in the cab. The lever 18 is operated by a cord, which preferably extends the entire length of the car, so that the valve may be operated from any point in the car, the valve itself being located beneath the seat or in any other convenient locality. I preferably employ for this emer gency-valve the auxiliary reservoir 2% of Fig. 5, in which figure 25 is the main reservoir, and 26 are check-valves in the supply-pipe to each.
27 is the supply-pipe leading to the reservoir, and 28 the pipe leading from the main reservoir to the motormans valve.
By this system the emergency-valve is entirely independent of the usual braking system, and the auxiliary reservoir can never be exhausted except by the emergency-valve itself, and hence is always ready forsuch emergency.
The advantages of my valve and system will be apparent to those skilled in the art, since, in the event of the necessity of a quick stop, the conductor may throw on this valve from any part of the car, and the air is applied immediately, the wheels being sanded to give them a better hold while the brakes are applied.
Many changes may be made in the form, construction, and arrangement of the parts of my device by the skilled mechanic Without departing from the invention, since lVhat I claim is- 1. In an air-brake system, the combination with a whistle, a braking cylinder and a sanding cylinder, of a valve having an inlet from the air reservoir, and ports leading to 'each of said cylinders and Whistle; substantially as described.
2. In an air-brake system, the combination with a braking cylinder and a sanding cylinder, of a valve having an inlet from the air reservoir, ports leading to each of said cylinders, and an exhaust port for the sanding cylinder; substantially as described.
3. In an air-brake system, a main reservoir, and an auxiliary reservoir, having a connection thcrebetween provided with a checkvalve arranged to prevent back flow from the auxiliary reservoir, a supply pipe leading into said connection, a pipe leading from the main reservoir to a valve controlling the brakecylinder and a pipe leading from the auxiliary reservoir to an emergency valve controlling the brake-cylinder; substantially as described.
4. In an air-brake system, the combination with a braking cylinder and a sanding cylinder, of an emergency valve arranged to first admit air to the sanding cylinder and there after to the brake-cylinder, said valve having a port arranged to exhaust the sanding cylinder after the air is cut off from the brakingcylinder; substantially as described.
5. In an air-brake system, the combination with a whistle, a sanding cylinder and a braking cylinder, of a valve arranged to admitair first to the Whistle and sanding cylinder and thereafter to the braking cylinder; substantially as described.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.
HERBERT E. HUNT. Witnesses:
H. M. CoRWIN, W. B. CoRWIN.
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