US541910A - Pinwall - Google Patents
Pinwall Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US541910A US541910A US541910DA US541910A US 541910 A US541910 A US 541910A US 541910D A US541910D A US 541910DA US 541910 A US541910 A US 541910A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- nitroglycerin
- gun
- powder
- parts
- propellant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-propanetrioltrinitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000006 Nitroglycerin Substances 0.000 description 30
- 229940014995 Nitroglycerin Drugs 0.000 description 30
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 description 30
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 20
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 14
- IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Barium nitrate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000735495 Erica <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 2
- QVRVXSZKCXFBTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[4-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)butyl]-2-(2-fluoroethoxy)-5-methylbenzamide Chemical compound C1C=2C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=2CCN1CCCCNC(=O)C1=CC(C)=CC=C1OCCF QVRVXSZKCXFBTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000746181 Therates Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/32—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound
Definitions
- Our invention relates to an improvement in smokeless gun powder in which the relative proportionsof gun cotton and nitroglycerin may be varied within broad limits, at will without materially affecting the propelling efnciency of the powder.
- Smokeless powder considered sense as an explosive, may be used either as a mining powder or as a gun powder. Its value as a mining powder depends simply upon the amount of gas developed and the temperature of explosion and is entirely independent of the rate of combustion.
- a gun powder or propellant to propel a. projectilethrough the bore of a gun the object is to obtain the greatest velocity with the least strain upon the gun.
- the character of the pressure produced in the bore of agun is dependent upon the rate of combustion of the powder.
- the propellant efiiciency of a powder is therefore a result not only of the forceof the powder but also of therate of combustion.
- Our invention consists in combining with the gun cotton and the nitroglycerin from forty per cent. to fifty per cent. of the weight of gun cotton of some nitrate, such for example-as barium nitrate, thereby rendering the rate of combustion of the gun cotton similar .to that of the nitroglycerin and hence rendering itfeasible to vary the relative proportions of gun cotton and nitroglycerin at will, without materially affecting the propellant efficiency of the powder.
- the gun cotton re ferred to is in the form known as t-riuitrocellulose.
- a powder composed of one hundred and fifty parts of nitroglycerin; fifty parts trinitrooellulose, twenty-two and one-half parts of ,ba riurn nitrate and two and one-half parts of urea crystals gives the projectile in the United States thirty caliber rille a velocity of about two thousand two hundred and fifty feet per second with a maximum pressure of thirty-eight thousand pounds persquare inch.
- Asecond powder consisting of seventy-five parts of nitroglycerin, fifty parts of trinitrocellulose, twenty parts of barium nitrate and two parts of urea crystals give, 'in the same forty-five per cent. of the trinitrocellulose and in the lattercase about forty per cent.of
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Description
UNITED ,TAfrEs Erica.-
GARLAND N. WHISTLER, OF FOR'LWADSWORTH, A D HENRY o. AsPiN- WALL, OF WEST NEW BRIGHTON, ASSIGNORS, BY MEs'NE ASSIGNMENTS, TO BENJAMIN s. HARMON, on NEW YORK, N. Y.
SMOKELESS GUNPOWDER.
SFEGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 541,910, dated July 2, 1895..
' Aur ica i n fil October 23, 1894. Serial No. 528.735. (N p im n -l To all whom it ma concern:
Be it known that we, GARLAND N. Wursr LEE, of Fort Wadsworth, and HENRY 0. As- PINWALL, of West New Brighton, in the county of Richmond andState of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Smokeless Gunpowder, of which the tonate and isa good propellant. 4-
following is a specification.
Our invention relates to an improvement in smokeless gun powder in which the relative proportionsof gun cotton and nitroglycerin may be varied within broad limits, at will without materially affecting the propelling efnciency of the powder.
Smokeless powder, considered sense as an explosive, may be used either as a mining powder or as a gun powder. Its value as a mining powder depends simply upon the amount of gas developed and the temperature of explosion and is entirely independent of the rate of combustion. When used as a gun powder or propellant to propel a. projectilethrough the bore of a gun, the object is to obtain the greatest velocity with the least strain upon the gun. The character of the pressure produced in the bore of agun is dependent upon the rate of combustion of the powder. The propellant efiiciency of a powder is therefore a result not only of the forceof the powder but also of therate of combustion.
The rate of combustion of nitroglycerin, so long as it does not detonate is peculiarly suit able for propelling purposes, whereas the rate of'burning of gun cotton is too rapid and produces too great ,pressure. A mixture of these .two explosives in certain proportions produces a safe compound which will not de- The greater the amount of nitroglycerin, the more suitable will be the rate of combustion. In order, however, to obtain the most efficient propellant that thecompound will produce, it is necessary to use an excessive amount of nitroglycerin; which is not only dangerous,but in consequence of nitroglycerin being a liquid, the grain produced by the combination is too soft for practical use in the gun. The decrease of the relative proportion of nitroglycerin, as compared with the gun cotton hardens the grainand renders it better suited in its broad for the purpose of a gun powder, but at the same time decreases the efficiency of the gun powder as a propellant.
,Our invention consists in combining with the gun cotton and the nitroglycerin from forty per cent. to fifty per cent. of the weight of gun cotton of some nitrate, such for example-as barium nitrate, thereby rendering the rate of combustion of the gun cotton similar .to that of the nitroglycerin and hence rendering itfeasible to vary the relative proportions of gun cotton and nitroglycerin at will, without materially affecting the propellant efficiency of the powder. The gun cotton re ferred to is in the form known as t-riuitrocellulose.
We have demonstrated in practice that a powder composed of one hundred and fifty parts of nitroglycerin; fifty parts trinitrooellulose, twenty-two and one-half parts of ,ba riurn nitrate and two and one-half parts of urea crystals, gives the projectile in the United States thirty caliber rille a velocity of about two thousand two hundred and fifty feet per second with a maximum pressure of thirty-eight thousand pounds persquare inch. Asecond powder consisting of seventy-five parts of nitroglycerin, fifty parts of trinitrocellulose, twenty parts of barium nitrate and two parts of urea crystals give, 'in the same forty-five per cent. of the trinitrocellulose and in the lattercase about forty per cent.of
the gun cotton, and His probable that fur ther experience will show that the percentage of the barium nitrate may be varied slightly between these two per cents. as the proportion of nitroglycerin is decreased. It isof the highest importance, however, to observe that in the second instance the amount of nitroglycerin was only half as much again as the amount of trinitrocellulose, while, in the first instance, it was three times as much, and yet the propellent efficiency was about the same in both cases, varying only a few feet. We have shown therefore that, by the addition of a proportion ofa salt, rich in oxygen, to the trinitrocellulose and nitroglycerin,
We can; vary the proportions of the two exploeives, nitroglycerin and trinitrocellulose, at
will, without affecting; the propellant effi-l erioe, trlnitrocelluloso, a nitrate antl a, neutralizer of free acid, such for example as urea crystals, the proportion of nitrate tothe trloitrocellulose being aboutforty-fiv'e parts'ofnitrapet'o one hundred parts of trinitro'cl lulose, so that the combustion of the gun cotton shall be substantially similar to that of the nitr 0-' glycerin, as set forth. 4 I I GARLAND N. 'WHISTLER.
HENRY G. ASPYNNAIL. Witnesses: H IRENE l3. DECKER,
'FREDK. HAYNES.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US541910A true US541910A (en) | 1895-07-02 |
Family
ID=2610665
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US541910D Expired - Lifetime US541910A (en) | Pinwall |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US541910A (en) |
-
0
- US US541910D patent/US541910A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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