US540860A - Steam-boiler - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

T. GUNNING.

STEAM BOILER.

No. 540,860. Patented June 11,1896.

"GUUGQGQ @UUUQQQ @CDUQQUD UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

THOMAS GUNNING, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM- 'BOlLER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 540,860, dated June 1 1, 1895.

Application filed October 3, 1894. Serial No. 524,774. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS GUNNING, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam -Boilers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. i

This invention contemplates certain new and useful improvements in boilers and has reference to the class employing water-tubes and around which the products of combustion are caused to travel.

' The object of the invention is to provide a boiler in which the full heating capacity of the products of combustion is utilized, and the course of circulation is such that the heat is caused to'come in contact with all portions of the boiler, while the steam in the steamdrums is superheated by the said products of combustion in their passage to .the smokestack.

A further object is to provide a boiler of V increased capacity so constructed that a maxi:

mum water-containing portion will be presented to the. direct action of the fire. These objects I accomplish by employing three (or more) headers, one at the front and one at the rear of the boiler casing and the third a little to one side of the center, or at the rear of the fire-box, and connecting all of said headersby frontand rear series of water-tubes, the front series being extended over the fire box and of greater length than the rear series. The rear header is incased at its sidesfor a portion of its depth, leaving a draft flue or passage-way whereby the entrance to said draft flue is on a line with the fire-bed. The headers are connected by suitable legs with two steam drums over which latter extends a flue or chamber which communicates at its rear endwith the draft-flue, whereby the steam in said drums is thoroughly superheated by the passage of the products of combustion. The upper portions of the steam drums extend up into the due or chamber, while their lower portions project below the latter so as to be subjected to the direct action of the products of combustion. In this way the full heating capacityof the products of combustion is utilized and the latter pass out from the boiler only after having given forth the body of their heat and hence at a very low temperature.

'lheinvention comprises the novel features of construction, substantially as hereinafter fully set forth and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying d rawings,Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of a boiler constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view on the line or at, Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the inclosin'g casing; a, the grate; a the fire-box; a a Wall or bridge in rear thereof, and a the smoke-stack or chimney.

B and B are the two outer end-headers. They are set at an inclination in the front and "rear walls of the boiler-casing. The header B is of greater capacitythan the forward header B so: as to contain a greater amount of water.

A mud-drum b communicates with header B by a leg I), and to said drum is connected a blow-off pipe b .In the outer plates of these headers are plug-covered openings.

O is an intermediate header mounted on wall or bridge 0. and is inclined similarly to the end-headers. A man-head opening 17 in one side of this header is on aline with a similar, normally closed, opening b in the sidewall of the casing. Access may be had through this opening to the interior of the header 0. The headers B and B are connected to the header 0 by front and rear series of watertubes D and D. The tubes of the forward series D extend over the fire-box and are made longer and hence of greater capacity than the tubes of the rear series. The object of increasing the capacity of the forward tubes is to present a greater water-containing portion to the direct action of the fire. The tubes are so'connected to the headers as to preserve the inclinations of the latter. The outer ends of these tubes can be acted upon through the plug-covered openings in the end-headers while access is had to their inner ends through the side-opening in the intermediate header.

E, E, designate two steam-drums or cylin ders arranged parallel and extended from one end of the boiler casing tonear the other.

These steam-d ru ms are connected to the series of headers by legs 6 through which the steam and water pass and at their forward ends project through the front wall of the casin g above the header B, while their rear ends do not extend to the rear walls. The supply-pipe may be connected at 10. Between the steam-dru ms is apartition e, while between said drums and the adjacent side-walls of the inclosingcasing are partitions 6 all of which form a due or chamber F in the upper portion of the boiler casing from a point midway the diameter of each drum-that is, the Water-line in the drums, is on a line with these partitions, and hence the lower half of each drum is subjected to the direct action of the heat, while the upper halves are super-heated by the passage of the products of combustion through the fine 1 or chamber F. This due or chamber at its rear end connects with a draft-flue fwhich extends around the sides of the rear-header B and communicates with the interior of the boiler at the lower end of said header and about on a line with the fire-bed. The space on either side of the water-leg leading from the rear header is closed by a wallf' which extends down on the sides of the header to the lower end of the latter, the same together with the rear wall of the casing forming the 1 draft-fluef. The circulating pipes G open at their upper ends into the steam-drums within the water-line and at their lower ends are connected to the ends of the mud-drum. In this way a continuous circulation and agitation is maintained. The mud can be readily ejected through the blow-off pipe. The steam-dome H is located outside of the boiler casing and is connected to the two steam-drums by legs h.

It will be observed that the intermediate header 0 being arranged at the rear of the fire-box acts as a battle-wall and hence the products of combustion in seeking exit have i to rise up through the tubes of the forward series D and after striking against the under side of the steam-drums pass over the top of the header 0 and along against the bottom of said steam-drums and thence down through the tubes of the rear series on into the draft flue. Thus it will be seen that contact is had with all parts of the boiler before the products of combustion reach the draft-flue. Entering the latter they pass upon either side of the rear header and thence up into the long flue or chamber F and in passing through the latter act directly upon the upper portions of the steam-drums, above the water-lines thereof, thus thoroughly superheating the steam contained therein, and finally escape is bad through the smoke-stack which is at the forward end of said flue or chamber. Thus it will be seen that the products of combustion are forced to travel a circuitous course, com ing in contact with all parts of the boiler and that the steam is thoroughly superheated by the passage through the upper due or chamher. In this way water is thoroughly heated and the steam quickly generated and then superheated after passing into the steam drums. By providing the rear draft-fine it will be seen that the heat is compelled to travel up and then down to a line with the fire-bed before escape is bad. Thus all portions of the boiler are acted upon by the heat and the greater quantity of water being confined in the rear header B the latter is heated by direct contact at nearly every point by the heat pass ing through the draft-flue.

The advantages of my invention are appar' cut to. those skilled in the art to which it appertains and it will be specially observed that there is no waste of heat, the full heating capacity of the products of combustion being utilized before escape is bad through the smoke-stack.

A boiler constructed as herein described is extremely simple and inexpensive and by =meahs thereof a great saving of fuel is effected.

It will be understood, of course, that slight changes may be made in the construction of 1 claim as my invention- 1. The boiler herein-described having for ward and rearward, headers and connecting water-tubes, a steam-drum or drums with which said headers are connected, and a line 1 or chamber extending over said steam-drum 1 or drums from end to end thereof and connecting with the space beneath said drums at 1 theen'd farthest from the fire-box or heating medium, the lower portions of said steamg drum extending beneath said flue or chamber, while their upper portions extend into said fine or chamber substantially as set forth.

2. The boiler herein-described having forward and rearward headers and connecting water-tubes, steam drums with which said headers are connected, an upper flue or chamber extending over said steam-drums and a 'rear draft-flue, opening into the rear end of said upper fine or chamber the lower portions of said steam-drum extending beneath said flue or chamber, while their upper portions extend into said flue or chamber, substantially as set forth.

3. The boiler herein-described having forward and rearward headers, an intermediate header, water-tubes connecting said headers,

upper steam-drums connected to said headers, and the due or chamber extending over said steam-drums from end to end thereof, and connecting with the space beneath said drums at a point in rear of said rearward header, substantially as set forth.

4. The boiler herein-described having fortions of said steam drums being beneath said flue or chamber, and a draft-flue at the rear end of the boiler extending around said rearward header and opening at its upper end into the rear end of said flue or chamber, substantially as set forth.

5. A water-tube boiler having forward and rearward headers, and an intermediate header at the rear of the fire-box, tubes connecting said headers, a draft-flue surrounding said rearward header and opening at its lower end on a line with the fire-bed, and an upper flue or chamber into the rear end of which said draft flue opens, the exit of said fine or chamber being at the forward end thereof substantially as set forth.

6. The combination with the casing, the series of headers and the water-tubes, of the upper steam drums connected to said headers, the series of partitions between whichsaid drums are located, forming an upper fine 'or chamber, and the partition surrounding said rearward header forming a draft-flue which opens at its upper end into said flue or chamber, itslower end being on a line with the fire-bed, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination with the casing having an opening in one side, of the forward and V rearward headers having their outer plates provided with plug-covered openings, the intermediate header having a side opening coincident with said opening in said casing, and

the series of water-tubes connected to said headers, substantially asset forth.

8. The combination with t-he casing having an upper flue or chamber, of forward and rearward headers fitted in the front and rear walls of said casing, respectively, tl1e intermediate header, the two series of water-tubes connecting said headers, the two upper longitudinally-extended steam-dru ms having their upper portions fitted in said flue or chamber, the rear draft-flue surrounding said rearward header and opening into said flue or chamber at the rear end of the latter, the legs connecting said drums to said headers, and the smokestack extended through said casing at the forward'end of said flue, or chamber, substantially as set forth.

.9. The combination with the casing having an upper flue on chamber, of forward and rearward headers fitted in the front and rear vwalls of said casing, respectively, the intering said drums to said headers, the mud-drum connected to said rearward header having ablow-off pipe, and the circulation pipes con nected to said steam-drums and also to said mud-drum, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of'two subscribing witnesses. THOMAS GUNNING.

Witnesses:

J. NOTA MCGILL, WM. S. Honens.

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