US535659A - Joseph bedford - Google Patents
Joseph bedford Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US535659A US535659A US535659DA US535659A US 535659 A US535659 A US 535659A US 535659D A US535659D A US 535659DA US 535659 A US535659 A US 535659A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- per cent
- chromium
- iron
- tungsten
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 36
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 36
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 10
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 10
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000754 Wrought iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- NKTZYSOLHFIEMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(dioxo)tungsten;lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O NKTZYSOLHFIEMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
Definitions
- My invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of steel, and is designed to produce a steel of great hardness having also toughness and self-hardening properties.
- the steel which may, like ordinary steel contain carbon, silicon, and manganese, the following composition: sulphur, phosphorus, tungsten, chromium, and iron, so that the finished steel may contain, say from three to 3.50pm cent. each of tungsten and chromium.
- the composition may be added to the steel, while the latter is in a fluid condition, or it may be added to a charge of steel scrap, con verted bar, or bar iron, or other of the well known materials used in the manufacture of steel, while the said steel, steel scrap, or the like, is in the crucible, melting pot, or otherw1se.
- composition of a good self-hardening tool steel manufactured according to my invention tungsten, three to 3.50 per cent; chromium, three to 3.50 per cent; carbon, 1.50 to 1.90 per cent., manganese, 0.50 to 1.50 per cent., silicon, 0.10 to 0.20 per cent; sulphur, 0.02 to 0.04 per cent., phosphorus, 0.03 to 0.04 per cent., iron, (difference,) 91.85 to 89.32 per cent.
- the manganese and the carbon and metalloids, viz: silicon, sulphur, and phosphorus, in the above list are, or may be, such as are added to, or acquired by, the steel in the ordinary manufacturing processes to which it is subjected prior-to the addition of the alloy.
- I can, l1owever,if desired, add the carbon and manganese during the melting operations in making the iron, tungsten and chromium alloy, or they may be added to the steel making charge at the time of melting.
- the charge of tungsten, chromium and iron used in manufacturing steel according to my invention may be formed in any suitable way.
- I may form it by melting together tungsten ore and ferrochromium with the required addition of iron and carbonaceous material; orI may first mix an ore of tungsten, such as Wolfram or scheelite with a reducing agent, such as carbon (for instance powdered coke or charcoal) and with iron, and melt the whole in a furnace to form an alloy which is cast into molds, and afterward combined with ferro-chromium by melting it therewith, and casting it into molds. The resulting alloy forms the tungsten,chromium, and iron alloy which is added to the steel, steel-scrap or the like as aforesaid.
- ferro-chromium above referred to may be the ordinary ferro-chromium of commerce, or I may use that which has been treated or purified in the manner describedin the specification of my United States Patent No. 477,490, granted the 21st day of June, 1892.
Description
JOSEPH B'EDFORD, OF SHEFFIELD, ENGLAND.
MANUFACTURING STEEL.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 535,659, dated March 12, 1895.
Application filed March 13, 1894:. Serial No. 503,470. (No specimens.)
To aZZ whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, JOSEPH BEDFORD, a subject of theQueen of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Sheffield, in the county of York, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Steel; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.
My invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of steel, and is designed to produce a steel of great hardness having also toughness and self-hardening properties.
For this purpose, I combine with the steel, which may, like ordinary steel contain carbon, silicon, and manganese, the following composition: sulphur, phosphorus, tungsten, chromium, and iron, so that the finished steel may contain, say from three to 3.50pm cent. each of tungsten and chromium.
The composition may be added to the steel, while the latter is in a fluid condition, or it may be added to a charge of steel scrap, con verted bar, or bar iron, or other of the well known materials used in the manufacture of steel, while the said steel, steel scrap, or the like, is in the crucible, melting pot, or otherw1se.
I prefer to add the charge to the steel, or steel scrap, converted bar, bar iron, or the like, in a proportion depending on the known composition of the charge.
The following gives the composition of a good self-hardening tool steel manufactured according to my invention: tungsten, three to 3.50 per cent; chromium, three to 3.50 per cent; carbon, 1.50 to 1.90 per cent., manganese, 0.50 to 1.50 per cent., silicon, 0.10 to 0.20 per cent; sulphur, 0.02 to 0.04 per cent., phosphorus, 0.03 to 0.04 per cent., iron, (difference,) 91.85 to 89.32 per cent.
The manganese and the carbon and metalloids, viz: silicon, sulphur, and phosphorus, in the above list are, or may be, such as are added to, or acquired by, the steel in the ordinary manufacturing processes to which it is subjected prior-to the addition of the alloy.
I can, l1owever,if desired, add the carbon and manganese during the melting operations in making the iron, tungsten and chromium alloy, or they may be added to the steel making charge at the time of melting.
The charge of tungsten, chromium and iron used in manufacturing steel according to my invention, may be formed in any suitable way. For instance, I may form it by melting together tungsten ore and ferrochromium with the required addition of iron and carbonaceous material; orI may first mix an ore of tungsten, such as Wolfram or scheelite with a reducing agent, such as carbon (for instance powdered coke or charcoal) and with iron, and melt the whole in a furnace to form an alloy which is cast into molds, and afterward combined with ferro-chromium by melting it therewith, and casting it into molds. The resulting alloy forms the tungsten,chromium, and iron alloy which is added to the steel, steel-scrap or the like as aforesaid.
The ferro-chromium above referred to may be the ordinary ferro-chromium of commerce, or I may use that which has been treated or purified in the manner describedin the specification of my United States Patent No. 477,490, granted the 21st day of June, 1892.
Having fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
Steel containing the following composition, tungsten, chromium, carbon, manganese, silicon, sulphur, phosphorus and iron, in substantially the following proportions, tungsten three per cent., chromium three per cent., carbon 1.50 per cent., manganese 0.50 per cent., silicon 0.10 per cent., sulphur 0.02 per cent., phosphorus 0.03 per cent., and iron 91.85 per cent., as set forth.
In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
JOSEPH BEDFORD.
Witnesses:
N. ASHBY NORRIS,
7 8 Fleet Street, London. THOMAS LAKE,
17 Gracechurch Street, London.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US535659A true US535659A (en) | 1895-03-12 |
Family
ID=2604420
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US535659D Expired - Lifetime US535659A (en) | Joseph bedford |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US535659A (en) |
-
0
- US US535659D patent/US535659A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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