US532209A - Beenaed moebius - Google Patents
Beenaed moebius Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US532209A US532209A US532209DA US532209A US 532209 A US532209 A US 532209A US 532209D A US532209D A US 532209DA US 532209 A US532209 A US 532209A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- silver
- cathode
- anodes
- bath
- moebius
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 56
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 56
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 56
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 24
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 20
- 210000000188 Diaphragm Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 241000681094 Zingel asper Species 0.000 description 10
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 10
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- -1 platinum metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052571 earthenware Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000428352 Amma Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- YADSGOSSYOOKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxolead Chemical compound O=[Pb]=O YADSGOSSYOOKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/20—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of noble metals
Definitions
- Myinvention relates to an improved method and apparatus for separating metals by electrolysis, its principal object being to withdraw the silver or other deposited metal from the apparatus as fast as it is deposited and to prevent short circuiting caused by the formation of bridges between the anodes and cathodes.
- my invention consists essentially in passing the cathode through the bath in close proximity to the anode or anodes, depositing the silver on the cathode in a loose, spongy or crystalline form, collecting the silver carried 01f by the cathodeand discharg- 'ing it continuously outside of the bath and preventing the anions and cations from being mixed with each other.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional elevation of the apparatus, part being broken away.
- FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-section on the line a:y, Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a detail view of the contact lever for the anodes.
- Fig. his a'detail view showing modified forms for the diaphragm and frame.
- the letterA represents a tank of the usual construction for the electrolytic bath.
- This-endless apron is the cathode and is for this purpose formed entirely of sheet metal, by preference silver, or it may be made of sheet metal with a non-metallic silver. As seen in the drawings, the entire,
- E, E arev frames and G anode plates supported by said frames E.
- the bottom of the frames consists of diaphragms of muslin. or other suitable material such as porous earthenware, or the whole frame together with the bottom may be a dish of porous earthenware as shown in Fig. 4; where E, G is the porous dish.
- the framesE are removably supported upon the sides of the tank A.
- D is an endless apron or conveyor formed of rubber cloth, canvas,or other suitable material. It is stretched between rolls d and d, the roll (1 being rotated inthe direction of the arrow: by suitable means, such as the chain at and wheels N and O. a
- K is a conductor, supplied, with positive current from a dynamo-machine, and connected with the anodes G (formed of the bullion to be separated), by contact arms M. y
- L is the conductor for the negative current connected with the movable cathode C- by brushes F.
- the contact arms M are by preference made of copper and theends protected by rubber sleeves 'r and thin platinum caps m, as shown in Fig. 3.
- the receptacle R is provided with a strainer for filtering off the liquid carried over with the deposit.
- the bullion to be separated is cast into anode plates G which are placed into the frames E so as to be immersed in the exciting liquid and the anions and cations are thus separated by the diaphragms and prevented from being mixed.
- an exciting liquid I use by preference a strong solution of sodium or potassium nitrate sufficientlyacidulated with nitric and sulphuric acid to keep some silver andall the copper in solution, such a bath being a. very good conductor of electricity.
- the cathode By slowly moving the cathode past the anodes, collecting the deposit therefrom and again presenting fresh surfaces of the cathode to the anodes, short circuiting, such as generally caused by bridges formed between the anodes and cathodes, is prevented.
- the cathode may pass very close to the anodes, thus reducing resistance.
- the crystals depositedupon the cathode form part of the same, increase the surface and likewise reduce resistance.
- the work goes on continuously without interruption for cleaning.
- the silver is delivered ready for the melting pot, instead of being blocked up in the apparatus and requiring the investment of large capital.
- the apparatus is very simple and requires but little repair and attention.
- the gold and the platinum metals are re: tained upon the diaphragms, together with lead peroxide, some peroxide of silver and other impurities. Whenever any one of the anode plates is exhausted its contact lever is raised up and a fresh anode plate put in. The residue uponthe diaphragms is collected in rotation, so that there is no interruption in the process. This residue, containing gold and other metals is treated in the usual well known manner.
- the entire anode is subjected to the action of the current, andpo scraps are left, which have scribed are designed particularly for separating alloys containing silver, they may be used for other purposes, as for instance for the electrolytic deposition of copper in a loose, spongy state.
- the herein described method of refining alloyscontainingsilver which consists in placing the alloys as anodes into a bath suitable for dissolving silver and copper therefrom; subjecting the anodes to an electric current of small electromotive force, slowly passing a silver cathode through the bath beneath the anodes and in close proximity to the same; preventing the mixing of anions and cations, depositing the silver in a loose, spongy or crystalline form upon the cathode and continuously carrying the same out of the bath gydmechanical means, substantially as speci- 3.
- the herein described method of refining alloys containing silver which consists in placing the anodes into a bath of nitrates sufficiently acidulated to keep the copper in solution; subjecting the anodes to an electric current of small electromotive force, slowly passing a cathode through the bath beneath the anodes and in close proximity to the same, preventing the mixing of anions and cations, depositing the silver upon the cathode in a loose spongy or crystalline form, leaving the gold, platinum metals and impurities at the anodes, collecting the silver from the cathode and discharging it, substantially as specified.
- an electrolytic apparatus for the separation of metals the combination of an anode formed of the metals to be separated, a horizontal endless cathode in the form of an endless apron, diaphragm frames suitable for receiving and submerging anode plates, placed horizontally in close proximity to the upper part of the endless cathode and adapted to prevent the mixing of anions and cations, and mechanical means for collecting the deposit from the endless cathode, substantially as described.
- An electrolytic apparatus consisting of the vat A, anode frames E with diaphragms,
- endless cathode O stretched on rolls means for slowly moving the endless cathode bethe same; proper electric connection for the anodes and the cathode and a conveyer adapted to collect the deposit from the endless cathode within the bath and to deliver it 5 outside the bath, substantially as specified.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
(No' Model.)
- B. MOEBIUS.
PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATION OF METALS. N0. 532,209.
Patented Jan. 8, 1895.
INVENTOR: amma; Nmmws TORNEY n4: NORRIS PETERS co. vnmuumu, WASHINGTON. n a
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
BERNARD MOEBIUS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.
PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATION OF METALS.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 532,209, dated January 8, 1 895.
Application filed February 28,1894- Serial No. 501|854=. (No model.)
To all whom/it may concern:
Be it known that I, BERNARD MOEBIUS, a citizen of theUnited States, anda resident of New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful lmprovementsin Processes of and Apparatus for the Separation of Metals, of which the following is a specification.
Myinvention relates to an improved method and apparatus for separating metals by electrolysis, its principal object being to withdraw the silver or other deposited metal from the apparatus as fast as it is deposited and to prevent short circuiting caused by the formation of bridges between the anodes and cathodes.
For this purpose my invention consists essentially in passing the cathode through the bath in close proximity to the anode or anodes, depositing the silver on the cathode in a loose, spongy or crystalline form, collecting the silver carried 01f by the cathodeand discharg- 'ing it continuously outside of the bath and preventing the anions and cations from being mixed with each other.
In carrying out, my invention 1 use by preference apparatus of the nature shown in the annexed drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the apparatus, part being broken away. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section on the line a:y, Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a detail view of the contact lever for the anodes. Fig. his a'detail view showing modified forms for the diaphragm and frame.
. Referring now to the drawings the letterA represents a tank of the usual construction for the electrolytic bath.
' B, B are rolls placed within the tank, one of which, B, is rotated in the direction of the arrow by suitable means, such as the pulley P.
O is an endless apron stretched between the .rolls' B and B and supported by intermediate rolls b, b. This-endless apron is the cathode and is for this purpose formed entirely of sheet metal, by preference silver, or it may be made of sheet metal with a non-metallic silver. As seen in the drawings, the entire,
endlesscathod'e iscontained within the bath and is stretched horizontally. V
E, E arev frames and G anode plates supported by said frames E. The bottom of the frames consists of diaphragms of muslin. or other suitable material such as porous earthenware, or the whole frame together with the bottom may be a dish of porous earthenware as shown in Fig. 4; where E, G is the porous dish. The framesE are removably supported upon the sides of the tank A.
D is an endless apron or conveyor formed of rubber cloth, canvas,or other suitable material. It is stretched between rolls d and d, the roll (1 being rotated inthe direction of the arrow: by suitable means, such as the chain at and wheels N and O. a
K is a conductor, supplied, with positive current from a dynamo-machine, and connected with the anodes G (formed of the bullion to be separated), by contact arms M. y
L is the conductor for the negative current connected with the movable cathode C- by brushes F. The contact arms M are by preference made of copper and theends protected by rubber sleeves 'r and thin platinum caps m, as shown in Fig. 3.
S is a scraper bearing against the lower part ofthe apron D, and Rareceptacle into which the silver or other deposit is discharged. The receptacle R is provided with a strainer for filtering off the liquid carried over with the deposit.
The bullion to be separated is cast into anode plates G which are placed into the frames E so as to be immersed in the exciting liquid and the anions and cations are thus separated by the diaphragms and prevented from being mixed. As an exciting liquid I use by preference a strong solution of sodium or potassium nitrate sufficientlyacidulated with nitric and sulphuric acid to keep some silver andall the copper in solution, such a bath being a. very good conductor of electricity.-'
hen parting bullion containing silver, gold, copper, and other metals, a current of small electromotive force is used, and the dis solved silver is precipitated upon the cathode O in aloose spongy state or in crystalline form. It is slowly carried by the cathode C over the roll B and either collected in the tank near its end, whence it maybe removed, or by preference collected upon a conveyerD, which at once takes it out of the tank and discharges it into the receptacle R, whence it is taken to the melting pot. The copper is dissolved but remains in solution, provided the exciting liquid be properly acidulated and not too poor in silver and too rich in copper.
By slowly moving the cathode past the anodes, collecting the deposit therefrom and again presenting fresh surfaces of the cathode to the anodes, short circuiting, such as generally caused by bridges formed between the anodes and cathodes, is prevented. The cathode may pass very close to the anodes, thus reducing resistance. The crystals depositedupon the cathode form part of the same, increase the surface and likewise reduce resistance. The work goes on continuously without interruption for cleaning. The silver is delivered ready for the melting pot, instead of being blocked up in the apparatus and requiring the investment of large capital.
The apparatus is very simple and requires but little repair and attention.
The gold and the platinum metals are re: tained upon the diaphragms, together with lead peroxide, some peroxide of silver and other impurities. Whenever any one of the anode plates is exhausted its contact lever is raised up and a fresh anode plate put in. The residue uponthe diaphragms is collected in rotation, so that there is no interruption in the process. This residue, containing gold and other metals is treated in the usual well known manner.
By the method and apparatus described the entire anode is subjected to the action of the current, andpo scraps are left, which have scribed are designed particularly for separating alloys containing silver, they may be used for other purposes, as for instance for the electrolytic deposition of copper in a loose, spongy state.
By arranging a series of vats in tiers one above the other and discharging all the silver into one and the same receptacle, a great economy in space may be effected.
What I claim as new is- 1. The herein described method of refining alloyscontaining silver, which consists in placing. the alloys as anodes into a bath suitable fordissolving silver and copper therefrom, subjecting the anodes to an electric current of small electromotive force; slowly passing a silver cathode through the bath beneath the anodes and in close proximity to the same, preventing the mixing of anions and cations, depositing the silver upon the cathode in a loose, spongy, or crystalline form, and collecting the silver deposited on the cathode, substantially as specified.
2. The herein described method of refining alloyscontainingsilver, which consists in placing the alloys as anodes into a bath suitable for dissolving silver and copper therefrom; subjecting the anodes to an electric current of small electromotive force, slowly passing a silver cathode through the bath beneath the anodes and in close proximity to the same; preventing the mixing of anions and cations, depositing the silver in a loose, spongy or crystalline form upon the cathode and continuously carrying the same out of the bath gydmechanical means, substantially as speci- 3. The herein described method of refining alloys containing silver, which consists in placing the anodes into a bath of nitrates sufficiently acidulated to keep the copper in solution; subjecting the anodes to an electric current of small electromotive force, slowly passing a cathode through the bath beneath the anodes and in close proximity to the same, preventing the mixing of anions and cations, depositing the silver upon the cathode in a loose spongy or crystalline form, leaving the gold, platinum metals and impurities at the anodes, collecting the silver from the cathode and discharging it, substantially as specified.
4. The herein described method of refining alloys containing silver, consisting in subjecting the alloy as anode to an electric current of small electro motive force in a bath of an alkali nitrate, such as sodium nitrate, sufficiently acidulated with nitric and sulphuric acid to keep the copper in solution, passing a cathode of silver through the'bath beneath the anodes and'in close proximity to the same, depositing the silver upon the cathode in a loose spongy or crystalline form, collecting it and carrying it out of the bath, and preventing the mixing of the anions and cations, substantially as specified.
5. In an electrolytic apparatus for the separation of metals, the combination of an anode formed of the metals to be separated, a horizontal endless cathode in the form of an endless apron, diaphragm frames suitable for receiving and submerging anode plates, placed horizontally in close proximity to the upper part of the endless cathode and adapted to prevent the mixing of anions and cations, and mechanical means for collecting the deposit from the endless cathode, substantially as described. v
6. An electrolytic apparatus consisting of the vat A, anode frames E with diaphragms,
endless cathode O stretched on rolls, means for slowly moving the endless cathode bethe same; proper electric connection for the anodes and the cathode and a conveyer adapted to collect the deposit from the endless cathode within the bath and to deliver it 5 outside the bath, substantially as specified.
In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name, in presence of two witnesses, this 24th day of February, 1894.
" BERNARD MOEBIUS.
Witnesses:
A. FABER DU FAUR, J12, KLAs H. TERNSTEDT.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US532209A true US532209A (en) | 1895-01-08 |
Family
ID=2600981
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US532209D Expired - Lifetime US532209A (en) | Beenaed moebius |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US532209A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2708181A (en) * | 1951-05-17 | 1955-05-10 | Indiana Steel & Wire Company I | Electroplating process |
| US3468782A (en) * | 1965-02-05 | 1969-09-23 | Luigi Bovone | Machine for having glass plates electrochemically copper plated by means of soluble electrodes,in the making of mirrors |
-
0
- US US532209D patent/US532209A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2708181A (en) * | 1951-05-17 | 1955-05-10 | Indiana Steel & Wire Company I | Electroplating process |
| US3468782A (en) * | 1965-02-05 | 1969-09-23 | Luigi Bovone | Machine for having glass plates electrochemically copper plated by means of soluble electrodes,in the making of mirrors |
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