US523793A

US523793A - Steam-generator

Info

Publication number: US523793A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1894-07-31
Anticipated expiration: 1911-07-31

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

- W. E'. KELLY.

STEAM GENERATOR.

m5254393. *Patented July 31, 1894.

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(No Model.) l 3 sheets-sheet 2.

W. E. KELLY. y STEAM GENERATOR. 'N0..523,793. Patented July 3'1, 1894.

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W. E. KELLY. vSTEAM GENERATOR. No. 523,793. Patented July 31,1894.

UNITED STATES WILLIAM E. KELLY, OF NEW BRUNSWICK, NEW JERSEY.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPEQILCTONOrming part of Letters Patent No. 523,793, dated July 31, 1894. Application iled December 8,1892. Serial No. 454,438. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.- Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. KELLY, of New Brunswick, county of Middlesex, in the State of New Jersey, have invented a certain Ivo new and useful Improvement in Steam-Generators, of which the following is a specifica tion.

I will describe a steam generator embodying my improvement and then point out the novel features in claims.

In the accompanying drawings Figure l is a side elevation, partly in section, of a steam generator embodying my improvement. .l Fig. 2 is a rear elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation showing a modification. Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional detail of a steam separator employed. Fig. 5 is a section 'on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a plan view of a plate upon which certain supporting beams rest. Fig. 7 is a side View of the same. Fig. 8 shows a modified lform. of supporting the water and steam drum and the water tubes. Fig. 9 is a section on an enlarged scale of a hanger plate and rod.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Referring by letter to the drawings, A designates a number of water tubes, which are arranged upon an incline in a suitable furnace. These tubes Aare connected at their front ends by headers A and at their rear ends by headers A2. municate one with another and have connection through a pipe a with asteam and'water drum B. The rear end of the drum B communicates with the rear headers A2, which also communicate one with another, through downtakes B.

B2 shows a mud drum connected by nipples in the ordinary manner to the lower series of the rear headers A2.

In the ordinary practice of supporting boilers the mud drumand water tubesrest upon a solid foundation, consequently they are:

stationary and there will necessarily be a difference in the expansion and contraction between the steam and water drum and the inclined tubes, owing to the fact that they are made of dierent thicknesses of metal and subjected to different degrees of heat. This difference of expansion and contraction causes a more or less forward and backward move- The headers A com-A ment of the downtake tubes. The movement of the downtake tubes will be the greater at the upper ends and the constant oscillationl -v tends to loosen the joints and cause leakage.

I overcome this objection by suspending the steam and water drum from anoverhead support and also suspending the mud drum and the rear end of the water tubesindependently of the steam and water drum. I willv now describe the means for suspending these parts. C designates uprights consisting as here shown of metal I beams seated in the side walls of the furnace. The lower ends of these supports rest upon plates c which have ribs c cast on them and embracing the sides of the supports to prevent a lateral movement. .Chan-nel beams O, arranged above the steam and water drum B, are attached to the upper ends of the supports C. yI have shown them so attached by means of cap pieces c2, placed over and secured to the ends of the beams C', by means of rivets `or bolts, and resting on the top of the supports C. Preferably the caps c2 have -downwardly extended boxshaped portions cs to engage around the ends of the supports. It will be seen thatthere is a space between each pair of channel beams C. The steam and water drum B is suspended from the channel beams C by means of bolts D engaging atthe` lower ends by means of hooks with catches d secured to the sides vof the steam and'water drum. The upper ends of the hook-bolts D are shown as screw-threaded and passed through holes in suspension plates Df. Above the suspension plates each hookbolt is provided with arnut. i

The suspension plates D have downwardly extended side flanges d to engage the outer.

edges of the'channel beams C and a central rib d2 engaging between the channelbeams. These flanges `and ribs prevent the lateral displacement of the plates and the flanges also prevent spreading of the beams.

The mud drum B2 and the rear ends of the` tubes A are suspended from the beams C by means of suspension rods D2, the upper ends of which are connected to suspension plates D like those before described.'

Preferably the top of each plate D', aro-und f y the hole, will have a concave recess d5 anda hemi-spherical washer d will surround theY link or rod below the nutat the end and have its seat in the concavity. This forms a ball and socket joint so that the parts may move easily.

The lower ends of the suspension rods D2 have loops or rings engaging loosely with trunnions or similar devices d3 extending from the ends of the mud drum. These trunnions are preferably cast integral with the ends of the mnd drum.

While it is not absolutely necessary, and I do not wish to be confined thereto, the front ends of the tubes A may be suspended. At the forward portion of the furnace I have shown supporting beams C, the channel beams C,the hook bolts suspending the steam and water drum, and the suspension rods D2 like the same parts heretofore described.

The forward suspension rods D2 engage with trunnions d4 or similar devices on the ends of a drum B2. This drum B3 may be connected to the under side of the front head4 ers by means of nipples having their ends expanded, or it may be connected with some other part of the boiler or with a feed water pipe so that water may circulate through it and prevent its being burned by the heat of the furnace.

It will be seen that all of the suspension rods D2 are seated loosely in vertical channels in the side walls of the furnace.

Another feature of my improvement con- Sists in arranging the downtake tubes in a cluster as it facilitates inserting and cleaning, as will hereinafter appear, and in employing a cross saddle or header on the top of both the rear and front headers, whereby space is economized and provision is made for an extra horizontal row of tubes. y

In certain figures the downtake tubes B are shown as connected at their upper ends to a pad or plate E, secured to and opening into the steam and water drum B. The ends of the downtakes are expanded in the openings of the pad or plate E.

The cross-headers or saddles E are boxlike structures, each preferably cast in one piece, and communicating with the headers upon which they are mounted. The crossheader or saddle E for the rear headers has` a series of holes e arranged in a circle or oval to receive the lower ends of the cluster of downtakes B', and each cross-header or saddle has its inner wall perforated to receive the ends of the upper water tubes A. This provides for an extra row of tubes A.

The steam and water drum B has in its upper side, directly in line with the downtakes B a manhole E2 provided with a suitable cover e. This provides for the easy insertion and cleaning of the downtakes.

In Fig. 3 I have shown the downtakes B" as arranged in a straight row connected at` the lower end with a cross-header or saddle E having a straight row of perforations in its upper wall, and the upper ends of the downtakes are connected to a saddle E3 secured to and communicating with the drum B. In this example the. central downtakes are arranged inline with the manhole E2, and the saddle E3 has manholes e2 provided with suitable covers in its upper wall directly above the outer downtakes. By this construction the outer downtakes may be easily inserted and cleaned.

In Fig. 3 I have shown a modiiication in the manner of suspending the steam and water drum B. In this example only two suspension hook-bolts D are employed, one at each end, connected to an eye or loop e4 secured to the top of the steam and Water drum.

In Fig. 8 I have shown a modied form of suspending the drum B and the water pipes. In this example the channel beams C are arranged closer together and are braced by a stay rod F extending from the rear pair of channel beams C to the forward pair of channel beams C', and the lower ends of thesupports C may be braced by a stay rod F. In this example the suspension rods D2 hang at an angle. That is, the rods are deliected outward from the top to the bottom. To main tain the rods in this deflected position I ernploy brace rods F2 extended from the lower end of the forward supports C to the `trunnions of the drum B3.

In connection with the steam and waterA drum B I employ a steam separator which I will now describe.

The steam separator consists of a box like structure or casing G, here shown as substantially rectangular, and having perforations g through its side walls. It is arranged within the drum B and at its top has a communication g with the steam outlet g2. Arranged within and `across the upper portion of the outer casing G is a perforated plate G. Suspended from the plate G is a casing G2 having downwardly and inwardly inclined sides and open at top and bottom. rFhis casing, it will be observed, does not extend 'to the bottom of the outer casing G. Within the casing G2 a funnel G2 is suspended from the plate G and a tube g2 extends from the bottom of the funnel G3 to near the bottom of the outer casing which is shownas inclined toward the center. From the bottom of the outer casing G a tube g4 leads downward and outward to a valve box g5, which has an outwardly opening valve arranged in it. This valve is toal low the return back to the drum B ofthe water extracted from the steam within the separator.

In operation the wet steam is forcedlthrough the perforations g against the outer `side of the casing G2 which will separate some of the moisture from the steam, as it is deflected downward. The steam then passes up through the casing G2 and through the perforations of the plate G', which will separate the remainder of the moisture `from the steam. The dry steam will then discharge throughg, g2, and the water will fall through the funnel G3 and through the tube g3 to the bottom of the outer casing G. Of course the accumulated ICO IIO

water will discharge through the valve seat g5 into the steam and water drum.

The combined area of the perforations in the plate G is less than the'area of the outlet g whereby the plate G retards a too free outlet of the steam and thus causing a complete separation of the water from the steam.

Having described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In a steam generator, the combination with supports, of a steam and water drum, water tubes provided with headers at their ends, a drum communicating with the lower set of rear headers and having trunnions on its ends, suspension rods which engage directly with said trunnions and support the drum and the rear headers, a piece underneath the lower set of lfront headers upon which the front headers rest, suspension rods which engage directly with this piece and support the headers, and suspension rods for supporting the steam and water drum independently of said drum and water tubes, substantially as specitied.

2. In a steam generator, the combination with supports, of a steam vand water drum, water tubes provided with headers at their ends, a drum communicating with the lower set of rear headers and having trunnions on its ends, a piece underneath the lower set of front headers upon which the front headers rest, independent suspension rods engaging directly with said trunnions and said piece, and other rods for supporting said steam and water drum, said rods being so connected with their supports as to permit of their oscillation, substantially as specified.

3. In a steam generator, the combination with supports, ofa steam and water drum, wa-

40 ter tubes provided with superimposed sets of headers at their ends, the headers in each set interlocking with each other, cross headers or saddles connecting thehheaders in the uppermost set of the front and rear headers respectively," tubes connecting the front and rear cross headers or saddles, a drum communicating with the lower set of rear headers and having trunnions on its ends, a p iece underneath the lower set of front headers upon which the front headers rest, independent suspension rods engaging directly with said` trunnions and said piece, and' other rods for supporting said steam drum,'substantially as specified.

4. In a steam generator, the combination with supports, of water tubes provided with headers at their ends, a drum communicating with the lower set of rear headers and having trunnions at its ends, a piece underneath the lower set of front headers upon which the front headers rest, a steam and water drum, cross-headers or saddles connecting the headers in the uppermost set of the front and rear headers respectively, clusters of tubes arranged one on the front and one on the rear saddle and communicating with said steam and water drum, said steam and water drum having an opening or man-hole above and in line with said tube clusters, independent suspension rods engaging directly with said trunnions and said piece, and other rods for supporting said steam and water drum substantially as specified. s

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence ot' two subscribing witnesses. A

' WILLIAM E. KELLY. Witnesses:

CLARENCE R. FERGUSON, ANTHONY GREE.