US514814A

US514814A - Feed-water heater and purifier

Info

Publication number: US514814A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1894-02-13
Anticipated expiration: 1911-02-13

Description

(N0 Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. G. COOPER. FEED WATER HEATER AND PURIFIER.

No. 514;8-14. Patnted Feb. 13,1894. .FWJ,

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No. 514,814. Patented Feb. 13, 1894.

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J. G. COOPER. FEED WATER HBATER- AND PURIFIBR.

No. 514,814. Patented f'eb. 13, 1894.

6%. Chavez we mmomu. LITHOGRAFHING carhPhNY JAMES G. COOPER, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

FEED-WATER HEATER AND PURIFIER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 514,814., dated February 13, 1894.

Applicationfiled March 30, 1893- Serial No. 468.356- (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES G. COOPER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Feed-Water Heaters and Purifiers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an economical and reliable apparatus for heating, purifying and filtering water to be used in steam boilers and for other purposes.

The objects of my invention are to provide in the base of a feed-waterheater an oil extracting chamber having an inlet for exhaust steam and inclosing a number of curved vertically arranged deflecting plates so disposed in upper and lower alternating series as to cause the incoming current of exhaust steam to be whirled around, over, under and between said plates in such manner that the cylinder oil will be rapidly and thoroughly extracted from the exhaust steam and will drop to the bottom of the extracting chamber; while the cleansed exhaust steam will whirl upward into a substantially annular space or heating chamber surrounding the settling and filtering chambers and thence pass in direct contact with or into the body of water in the.

settling chamber through a seal at its top, after which the steam is permitted to escape in a circuitous course in contact with superposed and alternately arranged concave and convex deflecting plates over which the cold feed water is introduced in thin strata into the settling chamber.

My invention has for a further object to combine with afloat operated valve-mechanism for automatically controlling the supply of water to the settling chamber, a float chamber or casing so constructed that it will serve at the same time as an overflow device or passage for preventing an over accumulation of water in the settling chamber and as a trap against escape of exhaust steam except in contact with the deflecting plates over which water is supplied to the settling chamber.

Other objects of the invention are to provide for partly surrounding the settling and filtering chamber or inner shell with an outer jacket or shell so constructed and arranged as to inclose and support the water deflecting plates above the open top'of the settling chamber; afford a nearly annular space for passage of exhaust steam in contact with and into the settling chamber; prevent or. greatly lessen loss of heat from radiation; and at the same time permit all necessary pipe connections with the settling and filtering chambers to be made directly with the inner shell, requiring no cutting or pipe jointing of the outside shell for such connections, thereby greatly lessening the expense and enabling a better joint to be made.

It is a further purpose of my invention to improve and simplify the construction and arrangement of the several parts of a feed water heater and purifier in such a manner as to wholly avoid the objections usually incident to employment of exhaust steam as a heating medium.

To these ends my invention consists in the features of construction and novel combinations of parts in a feed water heater and purifier as hereinafter described and claimed.

In the annexed drawings illustrating the invention-Figure l is a sectional elevation of my improved feed water heater and purifier. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the settling and filtering chambers, taken at a right angle to Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is ahorizontal section of the upper portion of the settling chamber. Fig. 4 is a plan of the oil extracting chamber or base section of the heater and purifier. Fig. 5 is an elevation of said base section. Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional elevation of an automatically operated valve. and its chamber, for controlling the supply of water to the heater and purifier. elevation on the line 7-7 Fig. 8, of a cornbined float chamber, overflow and steam trap,

showing the float by which the water supply valve is automatically operated. Fig. 8 is a horizontal section of the same on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a transverse vertical section of the same on the line 99 of Fig. 8.

The heater and purifier comprises a base section 1, of cylindrical form, mounted on screw studs 2 by which the apparatus can be leveled. The interior of this base section 1 constitutes an oil extracting chamber 3 into which exhaust steam from an engine cylinder is admitted through an inlet t in one side. Extended across the chamber 3 nearly from side to side and in front of the steam inlet 4 Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional is a series of vertically projecting and laterally curved deflecting plates 5 the concaved faces of which are preferably turned toward the steam inlet. These plates are secured to the bottom of the chamber 3 or may be cast integral therewith.

On the upper edge of the base section 1, at a point opposite the steam inlet 4, is formed a segmental inwardly projecting flange G that aifords a point of attachment and support for an open top cylindrical shell 7, as shown in Fig. 1, the bottom of said shell being provided with a corresponding flange 8 through which it is secured bybolts 9 tothe flange 6 of the base section. Theshell 7 is of less diameter than the base section 1 and does notextend wholly across the same. On the bottom or" the sh ell 7 and dependingtherefromisaseriesot'laterallycurved deflectingplates 10 that alternate with the corresponding deflecting plates 5 in the bottom of the oil extracting chamber. The

deflecting plates

5 and 10 lap by each other as shown in Fig. 1 and are gradually increased in height or width from the steam inlet 4 to the opposite side of the base section. One of the plates 10 may have its ends extended down to the bottom of the oil extracting chamber to assist in supporting the shell 7, as shown in Fig. 1. To the top of the base section 1 is securely bolted an outer shell 11 which surrounds the inner shell 7, at a distance there from, except at the rear where said inner shell is connected to the flanged portion of the base section. Between the inner shell 7 and outer shell 11 is thus formed a nearly annular space 12 which communicates with the base section 1 into which steam is first admitted. The outer shell 11 is extended some distance above the inner shell 7 and is provided with a cover 13 which may be removable. Near the top of the shell 11, at a convenient point, is a steam outlet 14 and at another point is located a water inlet pipe 15 having a perforated water distributor or spray device 16 on its inner end which projects within the space inclosed by the upper part of the shell.

Supported in any convenient manner within the upper part of the outer shell 1l,above the open top of the inner shell 7 and below the perforated water distributer 16, is a series of alternately arranged cones or convex deflecting plates 17 and concaved rings orannular concaved deflecting plates 18 all of which are preferably made of thin sheet metal. By means of these deflecting plates 17 and 18 the water which escapes in a spray from the perforated distributer 16 is spread out in thin sheets and thus while passing downward from plate to plate is better enabled to absorb the heat of the exhaust steam with which said plates are surrounded. The

under sides of the several deflecting plates being bathed with exhaust steam it is obvious that said plates will themselves become heated and thus assist in raising the temperature of the water flowing over them.

The

lowermost annular concaved deflecting plate 18 has suspended from its under side one or more rings 19 which project downward into the upper portion of the inner shell. There are preferably two of these rings 19, arranged concentrically and at different elevations, and the lowermost or inner ring is partly submerged in the water contained in the shell 7 so as to form a water seal.

The shell 7 is divided by a central vertical partition 20 having an opening 21 in its upper part. By means of this partition the space inclosed by the shell 7 is divided into a settling chamber 22 located on one side of the partition and a filtering chamber 23 on the other side. The partition 20 does not extend the entire height of the shell 7, but only about two-thirds, more orless. At its top the partition 20 is provided with an inclined flange 21 and a similar flange 25 is formed on the inside of the shell 7 above the filtering chamber. These flanges support an inclined hood 26, Fig. 2, which forms a top or cover for the filtering chamber and may be made of light sheet metal. The lower edge of the hood or cover 26 has its central portion formed into a guard ordefiector 27 which projects downward into the settling chamber 22 in front of the opening or passage 21, the said guard or deflector being closed in front and on both sides but open at the bottom to establish communication between the settling chamber and filtering chamber through the opening 21 in the intervening partition. l/Vithin the filter ing chamber 23 is a vertically arranged guard or deflector 28 which is extended nearly to the bottom of the shell 7 and is secured at the top to the under side of the hood or cover 26 and on each side to the partition20 in such a manner as to occupy a position immediately opposite the opening 21 so that water entering the filtering chamber will be caused to pass downward through and beneath said guard or deflector before passing through the filtering material 29 with which the chamber 23 is supplied.

In one side of the upper portion of the filtering chamber is an opening for connection with the suction pipe 30 of a pump, not shown,

through which purified and filtered water can be supplied to a steam boiler or be conveyed to a suitable receptacle for any required purpose. At its lower portion the shell 7 may be provided with a suitably closed man-hole or cleaning opening 31 communicating with the settling chamber and filtering chamber each of which may be also provided with blow off pipes 32 and 33 for cleansing purposes. All these connections are made directly with the inner shell 7 without intervention of the outer shell 11 which is attached to vertical flanges 34, Fig. 3, on the rear of the inner shell in such manner as to afford the necessary extent of exposed surface and yet permit the outer shell to constitute a practically complete surrounding jacket and heating chamber for the inner shell and its contents. It

is obvious, also, that by this construction the making of the required joints for pipe connections is greatly simplified and the expense lessened.

.The supply of water to be heated, purified and filtered is automatically controlled by means of a vertically movable valve 35, Fig. 6, inclosed in a suitable casing 36 which; communicates with the interior of the upper portion of the heater and purifier. The valve casing 36 is divided into two chambers by a horizontal centrally porforated partition 37 which supports a\vertical cylindrical guideway 38 that is extended the entire height of the upper chamber and projects downward partly into the lower chamber. In the upper-portion of this cylindrical guideway 38 are lateral openings or ports 39 for passage of water into and through the valve 35 by which said ports are controlled. The valve 35 is cylindrical, open at both ends, and suitably connected at its lower end with a rod or stem 40 through which it is operated. The upper portion or chamber of the valve casing 36 has a lateral inlet neck 4l for connection with a pipe or coupling 42, Fig. 1, through which water is supplied to the valve; and the lower portion or chamber of said casing is provided with a laterally projecting outlet neck 43 which is suitably coupled, through a perforation in the upper part of the shell 11, with the inlet pipe 15 to which the perforated water distributer or spray device 16 is connected.

In the upper portion of the shell 7, at one side, is a laterally projecting recess or pocket 44 having two

openings

45 and 46, one above the other, through which the upper portion of the settling chamber 22 communicates with the float chamber 47, Figs. 7, 8, and 9, of a trapped overflow device through which the position of the valve 35 to control the supply of water is governed by the level of the water in the settling chamber. The fioat chamber 47' contains a ball float 48 that is secured to the lower end of the valve rod or stem 40 which rod is extended through stufling boxes 49 and 50 at the bottom of the valve casing and top of the float chamber respectively. As shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9 the float chamber 47 is surrounded on threesides by a trap or overflow chamber 51 having a central vertical partition 52 that is extended from the top of said chamber nearly to its bottom. In one side of the upper portion of the float chamber 47 is an overflow opening 53 through which water passes into the trap chamber 51 and beneath the lower edge of its partition 52 and thence to an overflow pipe or nozzle 54 leading from an elevated part of the outer casing 55 of the trapped overflow device. A glass water gage 56, Figs. 1 and 8, may be attached to a convenient part of the overflow device as shown.

When the apparatus is in operation water is admitted through the valve 35-and its casing 36 to the inlet pipe 15 of the perforated distributer 16 by which it is sprayed onto the deflecting plates 18 and 19 so as to be sprayed out thereon in thin sheets and descend gradually in a circuitous course into the settling chamber. Meanwhile either live steam or exhaust steam is admitted through the inlet 4 into the cylindrical base section 1 which, as before described, is so constructed as to constitute an oil extracting chamber and trap for anycylinder oil in the exhaust steam. By means of the curved interior walls of the cylindrical base section a whirling motion is imparted tothe incoming steam and in passing around and between the alternating

deflecting plates

5 and 10 the steam is rapidly separated from any cylinder oil that it may carry. The oil thus extracted from the steam collects in a circular groove 57, Figs. 1 and 4, by which it is conducted to a drain pipe 58 leading from the bottom of the base section. The steam, thus freed from oil, ascends in whirling currents through the annular heating space 12 between the inner shell 7 and outer shell 11, thereby imparting its heatto the apparatus and raising the temperature of the water in the settling and filtering chambers. At the top of the shell 7 the farther ascent of the steam is obstructed by the lowermost annular concaved deflecting plate 18 and depending rings 19 in such manner as to cause a portion of the steam to enter the water in the settling chamber while another'portion takes a circuitous course outward between the rings 19 and deflecting plates 17 and 18, thereby heating said plates, and finally escapes at the outlet 14 leading from the upper part of the apparatus. As the water in the settling chamber 22 rises to the level of the opening 21 in the partition 20 it passes downward through the deflector guard 28 to the bottom of'the filtering chamber. By means of the guard or deflector 27 depending in the settling cham ber 22 in front of the opening 21 any floating impurities are thrown down and prevented from entering the filtering chamber 23, while the guard 28 affords a passage through which the water is conducted first to the bottom of the filtering material so as to ascend through the filter before escaping. When the level of the water in the settling chamber is sufficiently high to cause a flow through the opening 45 into the float chamber 47 and lift the float 48 the connected valve 35 willbe thereby carried into operative position to automatically cont'rol the supply of water according to its varying level in the settling chamber. As the water attains the level of the

overflow openings

46, 53 and 54 the trap or overflow chamber 51 will receive a supply of water that will prevent any escape of steam in that direction and at the same time assist in maintaining a proper water level in the apparatus.

The outlet pipe 30 of the filtering chamber the three way valve 59 isin theposition indicated in Fig. l the boiler, not shown, will receive water from the filtering chamber 23 of the heater and purifier; but it is obvious that the valve may be turned in such direction as tocut off the heater and purifier and give a direct feed of cold water to the boiler; or it may be so turned as to cut off the boiler and admit cold water through the pipe 30 into the heater and purifier for flushing purposes.

The advantage resulting from the construction and relative arrangement of the several parts of the apparatus will be obvious. It will be observed that ample provision is made for freeing the exhaust steam, when used as a heatingmedium, from any cylinder oil that it may contain; the feed water is heated both by indirect contact and direct contact with steam, thereby eifecting a large saving of heat; and the water is very thoroughly relieved from impurities before being allowed to pass from the apparatus to its intended use in feeding steam generators or for other purposes.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. In a feed water heater and purifier, the combination of a cylindrical base section having a steam inlet, a settling chamber of less diameter than said base section and supported thereon, means for supplying water to the settling chamber, an outer shell or jacket surrounding the settling chamber or inner shell and forming an annular unobstructed heating chamber or space that communicates with the cylindrical base section below and with the settling chamber above, and alternating plates located in the base section and constituting an oil extractor, whereby steam admitted to the base section will traverse a horizontally tortuous course over the plates of the oil extractor and ascend in whirling currents through the heating chamber and enter the top of the settling chamber, substantially as described.

2. In a feed-water heater and purifier, the combination of a base section having a steam inlet at one side, an open top settling chamber of less diameter than the base section and supported thereon, means for supplying water to the settling chamber, an outer shell or jacket surrounding the settling chamber and separated therefrom to provide an intervening heating chamber or space in open communication at its lower end with the base section, and upper and lower alternating curved plates located in the base section and constituting an oil extractor, whereby steam admitted to the base section will traverse a horizontall y tortuous course over the plates of the oil extractor and ascend in whirling currents through the heating chamber or space into the top of the settling chamber, substantially as described.

3. In a feed water heater and purifier, the combination of a cylindrical base section having a steam inlet and an oil outlet or drain pipe, alternating upper and lower series of deflecting plates supported in said base section, a settling chamber supported above the base section and having an open top, an outer shell or jacket surrounding said settling chamber and forming an annular heating chamber or space which communicates with the base section and with the open top of the settling chamber, said outer shell being extended above the settling chamber and proyided near the top with a water inlet and a steam outlet, and deflecting plates supported within the outer shell above the settling chamber or inner shell, whereby the descending water and ascending steam are caused to pass in circuitous courses, substantially as described.

4. In a feed water heater and purifier, the combination of a cylindrical base section pro vided with a steam inlet, a settling chamber or inner shell of less diameter than said base section and having a flanged portion whereby it is supported thereon at one side, and an outer shell or jacket attached to the base section and to a vertically flanged portion of the inner shell, whereby a heating chamber is provided around the inner shell and in communication with the base section and a portion of the settling chamber or inner shell left exposed for making pipe connections without tapping the outer shell, substantially as described.

5. In a feed water heater and purifier, the combination with a base section and an outer shell, of an inner open top shell havinga vertical partition whereby the said inner shell is divided into a settling chamber and a filtering chamber that communicate through an opening in the upper part of the partition, a hood covering the filtering chamber, a guard or deflector depending from said hood into the settling chamber in front of the opening in the partition, and a guard or deflector depending from the hood into the filtering chamber in rear of said opening, substantially as described.

6. In a feed water heater and purifier, the combination with a settling chamber or inner shell, and an outer shell or heating chamber surrounding and extended above the inner shell, of a perforated water distributor supported within the upper part of the outer shell, and alternating series of conical deflecting plates and concaved annular deflecting plates supported intermediate the water distributor and the open top of the inner shell or settling chamber, substantially as described.

7. In a feed water heater and purifier, the combination of a base section having a steam inlet, an open top inner shell or settling chamber supported above said base section, an outer shell forming a heating chamber around the inner shell and in communication with the base section and settling chamber, a water distributer supported within the upper part of the outer shell, alternating series of conical deflecting plates and concaved annular deflecting plates supported intermediate the water distributer and open top of the settling chamber, andrings depending from the lowermost deflecting plate into the water in the settling chamber to form a water seal, substantially as described.

8. In a feed water heater and purifier, the combination with a settling chamber or inner shell, and an outer shell extended above the inner shell and inclosing a heating chamber,

of a water inlet pipe, a valve casing communicating with said pipe and inclosing a valve for automatically controlling the supply of water to the settling chamber, a trapped overflow chamber communicating with the settling chamber at its water level and inclosing a float chamber, and a ball float placed in said chamber and attached to the stemof the valve, substantially as described.

9. In a feed water heater and purifier, the combination with the settling chamber and a water'inlet pipe, of a trapped overflow chamber composed of a casing containing a float chamber communicating with the settling chamber,

and an overflow chamber separated for a part of its height from the float chamber by a par- ,tition having an opening which places the upper portions of the float and overflow chambers in communication, a valve casing communicating with the water inlet pipe, a valve inclosed in said chamber to automatically control the supply of water to the settling chamber, said valve provided with a rod or stem extended into the float chamber of the trapped overflow, and a float attached to said rod or ,valve stem, substantially as described.

10. In a feed water heater and purifier, the combination of an inner open top shell inclosing a settling chamber and a filtering chamber which communicate at or near the top, an outer shell or jacket forming a heating chamber around the inner shell and extended above the same, a water inlet pipe leading into the upper part of said outer shell, a valve casing communicating with said pipe and inclosing a valve to automatically control the supply of water, a trapped overflow chamber communicating with the upper part of the settling chamber and inclosing afloat chamber, a float placed in said chamber and attached to the rod or stem of the water supply valve, a pipe leading from the filtering chamberand vprovided with athree-Way valve, and a pipe connecting said three-way valve with the water supply pipe, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES e. COOPER Witnesses:

JAMES J. MUIR, LIZZIE WELSH.