US504883A - James lyall - Google Patents

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{No Model.) I 2 Sheets-5he't 1.

J. LYALL. WOVEN FABRIC FOR WHEEL TIRES. No. 504,883. Patented Sept. 12,1893.

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J. LYALL. WOVEN FABRIC FOR WHEEL TIRES.

No. 504,883. Patented Sept. 12, .1893.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES LYALL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

WOVEN FABRIC FOR WHEEL-TIRES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 504,883, dated September 12, 1893.

Original application filed December 27, 1892, Serial No. 456,327. Divided and this application filed July 11,1893. Serial No. 480,138. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES LYALL, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Woven Fabrics for Wheel-Tires, of which the following is a specification.

This application is a division of my application, Serial No. 456,327, filed December 27, 1892.

Wheels for bicycles and other vehicles have been made containing an inflatable tube, and in many instances there has been a rubber tire outside of the inflatable tube, and in constructing the tires or elastic portions of such wheels, strips of canvas have been employed in connection with the india rubber and either permanently attached thereto or forming coverings for the interior or inflatable tube, and such coverings of canvas or similar material have in many instances been of woven fabric cut on the bias with the edges folded over and inclosing ribs of india rubber, wires or similar devices by which the covering or fabric has been permanently connected to the folly of the wheel. Difficulty has been experienced in making and applying these fabrics because the material out upon the bias was liable to stretch and not to' hold the parts reliably in position, and if an ordinary strip of fabric was employed the same could not easilybe caused to assume the form of the circular tube, because one portion of such fabric had to be longer than another portion.

In my present invention the fabric for the Wheel tire is woven with pockets for the reception of wires, ribs or other similar devices by which the fabric is permanently connected I with the felly of the wheel, and a flap is provided at one or both of the. edges of the fabric to pass within such felly, and in weaving this fabric the middle portions of the strip are woven longer than the edge portions, so that the fabric is capableof being easily applied in the form of a hollow tube around the periphery of the wheel. Y L

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a cross section illustrating the tubular form that the strip of fabric assumes, showing also the pockets and the flapsof the same. Fig.2 is a;port ion of the fabric illustrating the lines of weavmgby which the increased length may be given to the middle portions of the strip. Fig. 3 is a to move the warp threads in such a mannerthat the weft threads are laid in as hereinafter described, and the. warp threads are mounted upon separate spools or short beams so that the middle warps can be drawn off faster than the edge warps of the fabric, and

more tension is applied to the edge warps than to the center warps, so that the warps" may all be under a similar strain when the strip surrounds the wheel and in a form approximating a tube sectionally. The warp threads are exposed to difierent tensions or fed into the loom so that the middle warps of the strip are under less tension than the warps near the edges. Hence the middle warps in the strip will be longer than the edge warps, and the intermediate warps have tensions lessening from the edge toward the mid dle. Any desired or known devices may be usedfor varying the tension on these warps, so that they will be taken up in weaving in the desired proportions for forming the strip so that it can be coiled to correspond to the wheel and assume a tubular form or nearly so sectionally. I have illustrated this in Fig. 3 by representing heavier friction weights (1 to the tension straps of the edge warps than the weights d used with the middle warps.

If desired the weft threads may be laid in as shown in Fig. 3 with the weft threads going from edge to edge of the strip.

In Fig. 2 I have shown the fabric in the curved form it would assume if folded in the middle, in consequence of there being a greater number of wefts in the middle portion, there being threads 2 which pass entirely across and other weft threads that only pass part of the way across and return, as shown at 3, and the weft threads are to be so roo disposed that when the fabic has been woven' the middlepart of the fabricwill be of greater upon the diameter of-the pipe or inflatable tube around which the fabric-is to pass -in making up the wheel.

Pockets B O are made in the fabric and they are wovenby causing one shot of-the weft; thread :to pass belowthe pocket and the other; shotof theweft thread topass above the; pocket, the warp threads being manipulated, to effect this object, and these pockets are to;

receive wires, rubber strips or other devices that are to be clamped by theifelly andmovable portions of the wheel in constructing or applying the tire to such wheel; andI remark that the distances between these pockets will vary according to the character of the inflatable or elastic tire of the wheel, andas wheels of .this character are well vknown it is not nee-1 essary herein to describe the wheels with;

which myfabric may be used.

In cases where a flap i-s requiredat one edge ofthe fabric to passwithin the felly of the;

wheel or to wrap around any of the rubberor other attaching devices, the hereinbefore described fabric isto be woven with the flap 1D projecting at one edge of such fabric beyond the woven pocket, or there may be a flap at both edges of thestrip of fabric, as illustrated by the dotted lines at D, Fig. 1,-and fulllines in Fig. 6.

The present invention, it will now be apparent, relates to the new fabric which when woven in.the manner aforesaid is very strong and itis not liableto become displaced, to stretch or to assume a different form inuse, an'dthence it is not liable to become disconnected from the clamping parts of the wheel, and it is much better than the devices heretofore made, because it has been woven to the shape desired and has selvages or open pockets or flaps or both in the right places for the connecting devices.

If the warps thatoccupy the central portions .of the strip are elastic, the increased length required in such warps will be obtained by the stretching of such warps when thestri p is employed in the tire and the increased length will be obtained in an equivalent manner to that before described of applying less tension .to the central warps.

The flaps may receive eyelets, hooks or other attaching devices, and when desired heavier warp threads or cords 8 may be introduced and heldby the weft threads, such cords 8 runninglongitudinally and preferably being at one or both edges, to give additional strength to-the fabric and to receive or become part of the fastening devices that secure the fabric to the wheel. The warp threads may be omitted in any portions of the strips, as illustrated at 9, in Fig. 3, when so desired. I have shown the warp threads omitted in the central portions of the strip.

Itwill be observed that the fabric has nearly the same appearance throughout and is not woven with a diiferent character of weaving at oneplace from another and hence such fabric is nearly uniform throughout.

. My aforesaid application Serial No. 456,327 relates broadly to the woven strip with the middle warp threads the longest so that the same is adapted to conform: to the tire when drawn around the same. The presentdivisi'on relates to the-additional featuressuch asthesecuring devices,:&c.

- at or near the edges for. t-herecept-ionof wires, strips orsimi-lar devices employed in connecting the elastic tire to the wheel 'felly, the warps in the middle of the strip being longer than those near the edges,-substa-ntial ly asset forth.

2. Asa newarticle of manufacture, a woven fabric in theiform of a stripforwheel tires, the-same havinglongitudinal warp threa'dsto pass around thewheel, weft threads passing transversely ofrthewoven strip, pockets at or near the edges for the reception of wires, strips or similar devices employed in connecting the elastic tire to the wheel fellyyand flaps at one or both edges of: the strip andadjacent to the pockets, substantially as set forth.

3. .As a new article of manufacture,a fabric for-elastic wheel tires woven in the form of a strip with longitudinal warp threads and transverse weft threads, some of which transverse weft threads cross only a part of the entire fabric and are doubled upon themselves in the'middle portions of such fabric to increase the length of the center of thefabric, so that such fabric is adapted tosurrounding ICC the tubular or elastic tire and'to the circular and longitudinal pockets woven in such fabric near the edges of the same, substantially as set forth.

5. Asa new article of manufacture, a strip of canvas or duck for elastic wheel tires, woven with longitudinal warp threads that are longer near the middle of the strip than those near the edges, and weft threads, so that the fabric is adapted to pass around a wheel and to surround the tubular or other tire, and heavier warps at or near the edge or edges of the strip held in place by the weft threads, substantially as set forth.

6. As a new article of manufacture, a strip JAMES LYALL.

Witnesses:

GEO. T. PINoKNEY, A. M. OLIVER.

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