US1368213A - Woven fabric and method of making same - Google Patents

Description

A F. H'. STEWART.

WOVEN FABRIC AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 3, 1920.

1,368,213. Patented Feb. 8, 1921.

2 SHEETSSHEET BEATINQ up Pawnil/w,

F. H. STEWART.

WOVEN FABRIC AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME.

APPLICATION FILED FEB-3.1920.

' "1,368,213. 7 Patented Feb. 8, 1921.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

- fray. Rs ran 7 FRANK H. STEWART, 0F ELKINS PARK, PENNSYLVANIA.

WOVEN FABRIC AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 8, 1921.

Application filed February 3, 1920. Serial No. 355,972.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK H. STEWART, a citizen of the United States, residing in Elkins Park, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Woven Fabrics and Methods of Making Same, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to woven fabrics for use in the manufacture of automobile, and similar, tires for the purpose of supplying a base member about which the rubber, or other resilient material, is formed. Such fabrics as are now used for this purpose are woven as flat web and the purpose of this invention is to weave a fabric of this type in such a way that it will inherently be posscssed of both longitudinal and transverse curvature and thereby accord with the curvature of the tire in which it is to form the foundation.

In the accompanying drawings- Figure 1 is a face view, on an exaggerated scale and diagrammatic, of a flat projection of a piece of fabric woven in accordance with my invention;

F ig. 2 is a diagrammatic view illustrating, in longitudinal section, the fabric as it is being woven upon a radial loom;

Fig. 3 is a corresponding diagrammatic transverse sectional view of the fabric as it is being woven, and

Fig. 4 is a single line view similar to Fig. 1, but not on flat projection, wherein is shown the manner in which the desired curvature is imparted to the fabric.

The fabric shown in Figs. 1 and 4 comprises groups 1, 2 and 3 of warp threads, weft threads 4, 5 and 6 interwoven therewith, and preferably pairs 4*, 5 and 6 of loop locking threads. For purposes of clarity these loop locking threads are omitted from the showing in Fig. 4.

The weft threads 4, 5 and 6 are interwoven with the weft threads in substantially the same manner as in the fabric shown and described in my United States Letters Patent No. 1,324,627, dated December 9, 1919, that is to say, the warp threads are shedded between successive to-and-fro runs of weft thread. In the present invention, however, a plurality of weft threads are utilized, they being inserted, in serial order, in successive sheds of the warp threads. Each weft thread 4, 5 and 6 is shown as employed to provide two to-and-fro runs in adjoining sheds before being taken out of action to permit the introduction of the next weft thread I of the series. It is, of course, however, to be understood that each weft thread may be utilized 'more than twice in succession, or it may be used but once before making way for the next, and it is likewise to be understood that any desired number of weft threads may be employed. It is also to be understood that the diflerent weft threads may be introduced from either side of the fabric or some may be introduced from one side while others are introduced from the opposite side.

To produce the desired longitudinal and transverse curvature of the fabric, the individual warp threads of the various groups 1, 2 and 3 are supplied from independent sources, and controlled by three separate sets of heddles, each set controlling the threads of one of the groups 1, 2 or 3. In a given length of fabric the warp threads of the intermediate groups 2 are progressively shorter than those of the central group 1 and the warp threads of the edge groups 3 are progressively shorter than those of the intermediate groups 2, as shown in Fig. 4. In addition, when it is desired to weave fabric of continuous transverse curvature, the warp threads at the middle of the central group 1 may be the longest, the remainder in that group being progressively shorter toward each edge of the group. Any suitable method of determining the length of wa threads may be employed, that which I prefer being to make use of a take-up roll, on the loom, of substantially globular form. Such a take-up roll will draw out a greater length of warp thread at the center than at the sides and will properly and accurately determine the shape and form of the web bein woven.

o accord with the determined lengths of the warp threads the weft thread 4 is interwoven with but the central group 1 thereof while the weft thread-5 is interwoven with the central group 1 and the intermediate groups 2- as well, and the weft thread 6 is interwoven with all of the warp threads, taking in the central group 1, intermediate groups 2, and edge groups 3.

The dotted lines w-w in Fig. 1 approximately indicate the distortion and exaggeration resulting from showing the fabric in flat projection. As woven, the beating up of the weft threads causes them to lie more closely together, making a compact fabric and according with the curvature produced and maintained by the difference in length of the warp threads. The actual construc tion is more nearly approximated by the showing of Fig. 4.

The loops formed at the end of each toand-fro run of the weft thread 4: are preferably engaged and retained, as shown in Fig. 1, by twisted locking threads fi in the same way that the loops of the fabric shown in my before mentioned patent are engaged, and similar pairs of locking threads-5 and 6 engage and retain the loops formed'by the weft threads 5 and 6. This is, however, but one way in which the loops may be retalned.

I claim:

1. A woven fabric comprising a set of warp threads and a plurality of continuous threads interwoven therewith as wefts, said continuous weft forming threads passing to and fro, in serial order and for different distances, through successive sheds of the warp threads.

2. A woven fabric comprising a set of warp threads and a pluralit of continuous threads interwoven therewit as wefts, said continuous weft forming threads assing to and fro, in serial order and for di erent distances, through successive sheds of the warp threads, and each of said continuous threads forming a longitudinal selvage loop from each shed through which it passes to the next shed through whichit passes.

3. A woven fabric comprising a set of warp threads, a plurality of continuous threads interwoven therewith as wefts, said continuous weft forming threads passing to sheds of the warp threads, and loop locking threads disposed parallel with the warp threads and engaging and retaining the loops formed at the ends of each to-and-fro run of weft forming thread.

4. A woven fabric comprising a set of warp threads, a plurality of continuous threads interwoven therewith as wefts, said continuous weft forming threads passing toand-fro in serial order and for different distances through successive sheds of the warp threads, and a plurality of sets of loop locking threads disposed parallel with the warp threads, each set engaging and retaining the loops formed at the ends of each to-and-fro run of one of said weft forming threads.

5. A woven fabric comprising a set of warp threads and a plurality of continuous threads interwoven therewith as wefts, said weft forming threads passing to and fro, in serial order, and for different distances, through successive sheds of the warp threads, said warp threads being of graded lengths to accord with the number of wefts interwoven with each.

6. The mode herein described of weaving a fabric having a set of warp threads and a plurality of continuous weft-forrning threads, said mode consisting in forming successive sheds of warp threads and passing the weft forming threads to-and-fro in serial order and for difierent distances through such successive sheds of warp threads.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

FRANK H. STEWART.

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