US502120A - Mortising-tool - Google Patents

Description

[No Model.)

J. HICKS. MORTISING TOOL.

No, 502,120.. Patented July 25, 1 893;

M/VE/VTOH 5; M I BY A TTORNE Y8:-

UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.

SIMEON J. HICKS, OF ENGLEW'OOD, ILLINOIS.

MORTISING-TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 502,120, dated July 25, 1893.

Application filed May 21, 1892. Serial No. 433,838. (No model.)

To all whom it mag concern:

Be it known that I, SIMEON J. HICKS, of Englewood, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and Improved Mortising-Tool, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved mortising tool, which is simple and durable in construction, and arranged to quickly and conveniently form a complete square or rectangular mortise without much danger of breaking the bits or chisel.

The invention consists of certain parts and details, as will be fully described hereinafter and then pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improvement with parts in section. Fig. 2 is an inverted plan view of the chisel; and Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view of the gearing for the bits, on the line 33-of Fig. 1.

The improved mortising tool is provided with the head A, having a reciprocating motion and mounted to slide in suitable guideways B, arranged on the usual mortising machine. On the lower end of the headA is socured the chisel 0, made hollow and having the lower edges of the sides and ends sharpened so as to readily cut into the wood to form a square or rectangular mortise. A series of transversely extending bars D, connect the sides of the hollow chisel with each other, the said bars being chamfered at both sides to form a cutting edge to extend in line with the cutting edges of the sides and ends of the chisel. The bars also .form circular openings E, for the passage of the shanks of the bits F, extending with their cutting ends a short distance below the chisel C, see Fig. 1. The upper ends of the bits F are secured in elongated gear wheels G, mounted to turn in suitable bearings arranged in the head A, the several gear wheels being in mesh with one another, as is plainly shown in Figs. 1 and 3, so that when one of the said gear wheels is rotated all the gear wheels rotate in unison. It will be seen that the adjacent gear wheels rotate in opposite directions, and consequently the bits F held on the corresponding gear wheels are made right and left handed according to the direction in which the gear wheels turn, so that all the bits cut at the same time when the gear wheels are rotated. As shown in Fig. 1, the two outermost gear wheels G receive a rotary motion in opposite directions, the said gear wheels being, for this purpose, provided on their upwardly extending shafts wit-h pulleys H, connected by belts with suitable machinery for imparting a rotary motion in opposite directions to the said outermost gear wheels. Now,

it will be seen that when the head A is fed downward upon the wood, and the bits F are revolved as before described, then the bits cut into the wood in advance of the chisel, which latter, on following, cuts by its sharp sides and ends, as well as the transverse cutting bars D, the remaining portion of the wood not cut by the bits, so that the entire'mortise is formed. It is understood that the chips are confined only to the twist in the lower part of the bit for a very short time, that is, until they pass the upper edge of the cutting bars D; as then the chips are free to pass from the twists into the space formed above the bars in the hollow chisel, and consequently tight packing and clogging up of the bits are prevented. It will further be seen that as the lower ends of the bits are guided in the lower part of the hollow chisel G, the said bits are not liable to break, owing to the bearing they have in the chisel, and also in consequence of the removal of the surplus stock by the cutting edges of the chisel and the bars D. Thus it will be seen that the bits do not clog up with chips, and consequently the said bits are not prevented from revolving o freely, and as all the bits revolve simultaneously it would be very dangerous in case one of the bits should be clogged up as all the others would be affected, on account of the several bits being positively geared together.

Having thus fully described my invention,

I claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. In a mortising tool, a hollow chisel provided at its cutting end with cutting bars extending transversely across the chisel and having their cutting edges flush with the cutting edges of the chisel, substantially as described.

2. A mortising tool, comprising a hollow cutters D,the bitsF passing through the openchisel provided at its cutting end with transings formed by the transverse cutters, the verse cutters extending across the same and elongated gear wheels G to which the bits are having their cutting edges flush with the cutsecured, and the pulleys H on the extended 5 ting edges of the chisel, and bits mounted to shafts of the outermost gear wheels, substanr 5 revolve in unison and passing through the tially as herein shown and described.

openings formed by the transverse cutters, SIMEON J. HICKS. substantially as herein shown and described. Witnesses:

3. A mortising tool, comprising the hollow H. E. HINDMARST, ro chisel C, having at its lower end transverse JOHN SOHNSORIPT.

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