US498878A

US498878A - Electric illuminating apparatus

Info

Publication number: US498878A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1893-06-06
Anticipated expiration: 1910-06-06

Description

(No Model.)

- E. A. COLBY.

ELECTRIC ILLUMINATING APPARATUS. No. 498,878. Patented June 6, 1893.

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L A TTORNE Y.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDlVARD A. COLBY, OF NEWVARK, NEIV JERSEY.

ELECTRIC ILLUMINATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 498,878, dated June 6, 1893. Application fild February15,l893. Serial No.462,404-.. (No model.)

.To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD A. COLBY, of Newark, Essex county, New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Electrio Illuminating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification. The principle of my invention consists in, first, constructing and organizing the filament of an incandescent or glow lamp so that it shall constitute a closed circuit, and, second, in causing said closed filament to be rendered incandescent by the induced current caused therein when brought into a varying field of force. This principle I preferably carry into eifect by placing said lamp so that said filament becomes substantially the secondary of an induction coil or transformer, in the primary coil of which a varying (alternating pulsating or intermittent) current is established. The filament is thus directly in the field of force generated by the varying current, and thus, in accordance with well-known laws, a current is produced in said filament by induction, and hence without the use of Wires leading into said receiver and without direct connection with any source of electricity.

In another application for Letters Patent simultaneously filed herewith, Serial No. 462,405, I have fully described and claimed my method based upon the foregoing principle; and I have therein stated that said method may be carried into effect in many ways and by diflerent forms of apparatus; and I have also described, in said application, the same form of apparatus which is herein shown, by means of which said method may be used to produce beneficial result. My present application relates more particularly to the construction of said apparatus and to the various combinations included therein, which are hereinafter more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows the lamp of Fig. 2 in vertical section mounted upon the primary of an induction coil and provided with means for moving it longitudinally upon said coil. Fig. 2 shows the lamp in vertical section separately. Fig. 3 shows the inner glass tube of the lamp which carries the filament; the said filament here being a series of rings surrounding the tube. Figs.4,5and 6 illustrate modifications of the device for adjusting or moving the lamp longitudinally upon the induction coil.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts.

The lamp proper consists of an annular I glass vessel, A, Fig. 2. The said vessel may be regarded as consisting of an inner tube, B, Fig. 3, and an outer tube, C, which are united attheir extremities. This construction is adopted for convenience, as in practice I shall probably make the tube B and all portions of the glass vessel A separately, and then unite the tube B to the remainder of the vessel A, so as to produce a closed glass chamber. Before the tube B is connected to the rest of the vessel A, I seal into it a wire, D, which may be of platinum. The'wire D is sealed into the tube B at its ends. or more rings,E,of carbon suitable for the filamentor"aglow1amp,andlconnect theseringsto the wire D, so that the wire serves as a support for the rings upon the tube B. I only show one supporting wire, D, here, butI may use other similarsupporting wires to D, if they be found desirable. After the tube B carrying the wire D and rings E is connected to the tube 0 and the lamp A thus completed, I exhaust the air from the interior of said lamp through an opening which may be located, anywhere convenient; as, for example, at F, Fig. 2, for which purpose I use any of the known means now employed for the exhaustion of the bulbs of electric lamps. When this exhaustion is completed, I hermetically seal the opening F in the usual way. It' will be observed that the rings E and wire D are completely inclosed within the exhausted vessel A and that there are no leading-in wires of any sort passing into the vessel A and communicating with the wire D or rings E. The filaments or rings E constitute each a circuit closed on itself, and each and every one of these rings becomes the secondary coil of an induction coil or transformer when placed in suitable inductive proximity to the primary coil thereof, or, in other words, in the field of the transformer. When the chamber A containing the rings E is so placed in inductive proximity to a primary coil through whicha varying (alternating, or intermittent, or pulsating) current of electricity is passing, then, if the induced currents in the rings E be of Upon the tube B I place one a which G is a primary coil inclosing the usual core, H, made up preferably of a bundle of straight iron wire and secured to a base, I.

The wires J K connect the coil G with any suitable source of alternating current. The lamp A is placed upon the platform I and receives in its inner tubular opening the coil G. In this way the rings E are brought in close inductive proximity to the coil G.

It is to be understood that I do not limit myself to this precise construction, because there are other ways of arranging the rings E so that they will operate practically as secondary coils to a primary coil carrying the current; but the foregoing is sufficient to exhibit to any person skilled in the art one way in which this result .can be operatively and usefully accomplished; and this being shown, itis within the knowledge of the electrical workmen at the presenttime to arrange other ways of producing the same result without the exercise of anything more than mechanical and ordinary electrical skill.

I have stated that the intensity of the light of the rings E can be varied by moving them into stronger or weaker parts of the field of force. Thus, I may move the rings into a region where they are traversed by a greater or less number of lines of force, or into a region where, generally speaking, the inductive effect is greater or less than in some other. One mode of accomplishing this is exhibited in Fig. 1 of the drawings, and other equivalent means are represented in Figs. 4-, 5, 6. In Fig. 1 the primary coil G has an envelope, L, the exterior periphery of which is threaded to receivethe nut M. The lamp A, which surrounds coil G, rests on the nut M and thus may be supported in any desired position longitudinally the coil, as indicated by the dotted lines. The position of the rings E is thus changed with relation to the field of force produced by the coil G. When the lamp A is in the position shown by full lines, Fig. 1, so that it embraces the whole of the coil G, then its rings will receive the strongest inductive effect and will glow most brightly; but when thelamp A is lifted or moved along the primary coil G, as indicated in dotted lines Fig. 1, then,.as is obvious, the rings E will include less of the field, and hence will be subjected to a reduced inductive influence, so that the brilliance of their glow will be diminished. With a given Varying current, the light-giving capacity of the rings may thus be regulated by moving the lamp A upon the primary coil G. The particular device for moving the lamp A is not at all essential to my invention, because the lamp A may be moved by hand, and held in adjusted position by any suitable means; as, for example,

by the interposition of washers, or supports between the bottom of said lamp and platform I, as indicated in Fig. 5 at N, or I may arrange adjusting screws passing through the platform I and bearing against the lower side of the vessel A, as shown at 0, Fig. 6. Or, extending across the upper part of the lamp A there may be a bar, P, through which passes a screw, Q, the lower end of which bears upon the end of core Hand the upper end of which is provided with a milled head, R; so that by turning the screw Q I can vary the position of the lamp A on the coil G.

It is to be distinctly understood that I do not herein limit myself to varying the intensity of glow of the lamp by moving the lamp only with reference to the field, because I may move (1) the lamp, leaving the support and inducing coil stationary, or (2) the coil, leaving the lamp and support stationary, or (3) the support, leaving the lamp and coil stationary. To illustrate (l), the lamp in Fig. 1 may, as already described, be moved on the supports, as indicated by dotted lines, or (2), the lamp may be held fixed in any suitable clamp or bracket and the core H and base I may also be so held. Then the coil G within the lamp may be moved to slide longitudinally upon the core, or (3), the lamp being held fixed in any suitable clamp or bracket and the coil G also being so held, the core l-I may be slid longitudinally within the coil G. The candle power of the lamp can obviously be altered in either of these three ways.

I claim- 1. The combination in an electric glowlamp, of a filament in ring or closed coil form, and a means of producing avarying field of force: the said filament being located in said field and receiving a current by induction therefrom, substantially as described.

2. The combination of an electric glow lamp having a filament in ring or closed coil form, a coil and a source of varying electric current connected with said coil: the said filament and said coil being disposed in inductive proximity, substantially as described.

3. The combination of an electric glow lamp containing a filament in ring or closed coil form, a coil, a source of varying electric current connected with said coil and means for altering the relative proximity of coil and filament whereby the inductive effect of said coil upon said filament may be modified, substantially as described.

4.. An elongated body (such as a coil) capa ble of producing in its vicinitya field of force, and a glow lamp having an annular receiver and a filament in ring or closed form concentric therewith: said lamp being received upon and surrounding said body, substantially as described.

5. The combination in an electric glow lamp of a receiver of translucent material and a filament without leading-in wires in the form of a ring or closed coil inclosed therein, sub stantially as described.

6. The combination in an electric glow lamp of a receiver of translucent material in annular form and a filament without leading in wires in the form of a ring or closed coil disposed concentrically with and inclosed in said receiver, substantially as described.

7. The combination in an electric glow lamp of a glass receiver in annular form, a support therein, and a filament without leading in wires in the form of a ring or closed coil carried by said support and disposed concentrically with and inclosed in said receiver, substantially as described.

8. The combination in an electric glow lamp of a glass receiver in annular form and two or more filaments without leading in wires in the form of rings or closed coils disposed concentrically with and inclosed in said receiver, substantially as described.

9. The combination in an electric glow lamp of a glass receiver in annular form,a support therein and two or more filaments without leading in wires in the form of rings or closed coils, carried by said support and disposed concentrically with and inclosed in said receiver, substantially as described.

10. In an electric illuminating apparatus, a support, a means of producing a variable field of force combined therewith, a glow lamp receiver adapted to be held upon said support, and a filament in ring orclosed coil form inclosed within said receiver: the aforesaid parts being constructed and arranged so that when said receiver is held upon said support said filament shall be in said variable field, substantially as described.

11. In an electric illuminating apparatus a primary coil, a glow lamp receiver adapted to be supported thereon, and a filament in ring or closed coil form inclosed within said receiver: the aforesaid parts being constructed and arranged so that when said receiver is supported on said primary coil, said filament shall become a secondarytheretoand be caused to glow by the induced current, substantially asdescribed.

12. In an electric illuminating apparatus a primary coil, a glow lamp receiver adapted to be supported thereon, a filament in ring or closed coil form inclosed within said receiver, and means for varying the position of said receiver with reference to said primary coil: the aforesaid parts being constructed and arranged so that when said receiver is supported on said primary coil said filament shall become a secondary thereto and be caused to glow by the induced current, and also so that by the movement of said receiver as aforesaid said induction efiect, and hence the intensity of the glow, may be varied, substantially as described.

13. In combination with an electric glow lamp having an annular receiver and a filament in ring or closed form concentric therewith and inclosed therein, a coil constructed to be received in the cylindrical space surrounded by said receiver, substantially as described.

14. The combination of a fixed coil and surrounding said coil an electric glow lamp having an annular receiver and a filament in ring orglow form concentric therewith and inclosed therein: the said lamp being movable longitudinally said coil, substantially as described.

15. The combination of a fixed coil and, surrounding said coil, an electric glow lamp having an annular receiver and a filament in ring or glow form concentric therewith and inclosed therein, and means for adjusting the lamp upon said coil, so that more or less of said coil will be received in the cylindrical space surrounded by said lamp, substantially as de-. scribed.

16. The combination of a fixed coil, having an inclosing threaded envelope, a nut on said envelope, an electric glow lamp having an annular receiver and a filament in ring or glow form concentric therewith and inclosed therein, the said lamp surrounding said coil having a bearing upon said nut whereby it may be adjusted in a longitudinal direction upon said coil, substantially as described.

17. The combination of a core, a coil thereon and an annular glow lamp having a filament in ring or closed coil form upon said coil, the said core being movable longitudinally within the coil, substantially as described.

18. The combination of a core, acoil thereon and an annular glow lamp having a filament in ring or closed coil form upon said coil, the said coil being movable longitudinally upon said core, substantially as described. a

. EDWARD A. COLBY.

Witnesses:

H. A. MOLLER, M. Boson.