US487176A - Per-coles - Google Patents
Per-coles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US487176A US487176A US487176DA US487176A US 487176 A US487176 A US 487176A US 487176D A US487176D A US 487176DA US 487176 A US487176 A US 487176A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- silver
- metals
- alloy
- per
- coles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 30
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 22
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 18
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 6
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005494 tarnishing Methods 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
Definitions
- This invention relates to the coating by electro-deposition of articles of metal orother 1o suitable material with a new metallic alloy; and its object is to produce upon the said articles a brilliant coating or plating resembling silver, but which is better adapted than silver to resist the tarnishing influences of the atmosphere.
- I deposit upon the said articles by electrolysis an alloy of zinc and silver, or cadmium and silver, or zinc, cadmium, and silver, I find that to protect the silver from being rapidly targo nished by the atmosphere about from thirtyfive to twenty-five per cent, or even less, of zinc or cadmium is sufficient.
- I desire to produce less costly coatings I employ, say, from forty per cent. to ninety per cent. of the baser metal or metals.
- My said invention moreover, comprises a method or process of electro-depositing the aforesaid alloy, whereby I am enabled to obtain a homogeneous coating-that is to say, a coating which consists throughout of a perfect intermixture of the metals constituting the alloyinstead of asuccession of layers havin g a different composition.
- I proceed as follows-that is to say: I prepare an electrolytic bath by dissolving a suitable quantity of cyanide of zinc or cadmium in a solution of cyanide of potassium, so as to form a double salt having a slight excess of cyanide of potassium. To this solution I add a smallquantity of the double salt of the cyanides of potassium and silver, the two together forming the electrolyte or electrolytic bath, which is introduced into any suitable electroplating or electrotyping apparatus. I employ an anode com- Serial No.412,813. (No specimens.)
- the electrolytic bath may be used either hot or cold, and I can increase or diminish the hardness of the deposit by varying the proportions of the metals in the alloy.
- What I claim is The method of depositing by electrolysis an alloy of silver and any known metal or metals other than the rare metals, which has or have a specific gravity between 6.5 and 9.0 at 15 centigrade and boils or boil at a temperature between 710 Centigrade and 1045 centigrade under the ordinary atmospheric pressure on metals and other suitable articles, wherein the articles to be coated are placed in a bath of the dggble cyanides of such metal or metals and silver and' 'p'otassium, and an anode is employed consisting of an alloy of the metals to be deposited in approximately the proportions of the required deposit, substantially as herein described.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
SHERARD OSBORN COWPER-OOLES, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TO THE LONDON METALLURGICAL COMPANY, LIMITED, OF SAME PLACE.
PROCESS .OF ELECTRO-DEPOSITING ALLOYS.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 487,176, dated November 29, 1892.
Application filed November 18, 1891.
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, SHERARD OSBORN Cow- PER-OOLES, engineer, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, and aresident of London,
England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electro-Depositing Alloys, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to the coating by electro-deposition of articles of metal orother 1o suitable material with a new metallic alloy; and its object is to produce upon the said articles a brilliant coating or plating resembling silver, but which is better adapted than silver to resist the tarnishing influences of the atmosphere. For this purpose I deposit upon the said articles by electrolysis an alloy of zinc and silver, or cadmium and silver, or zinc, cadmium, and silver, I find that to protect the silver from being rapidly targo nished by the atmosphere about from thirtyfive to twenty-five per cent, or even less, of zinc or cadmium is sufficient. When, however, I desire to produce less costly coatings, I employ, say, from forty per cent. to ninety per cent. of the baser metal or metals.
My said invention, moreover, comprises a method or process of electro-depositing the aforesaid alloy, whereby I am enabled to obtain a homogeneous coating-that is to say, a coating which consists throughout of a perfect intermixture of the metals constituting the alloyinstead of asuccession of layers havin g a different composition.
In carrying on my improved method of electro-deposition I proceed as follows-that is to say: I prepare an electrolytic bath by dissolving a suitable quantity of cyanide of zinc or cadmium in a solution of cyanide of potassium, so as to form a double salt having a slight excess of cyanide of potassium. To this solution I add a smallquantity of the double salt of the cyanides of potassium and silver, the two together forming the electrolyte or electrolytic bath, which is introduced into any suitable electroplating or electrotyping apparatus. I employ an anode com- Serial No.412,813. (No specimens.)
posed of an alloy of zinc and silver or cadmium and silver in the same or approximately the same proportions as are desired in the alloy to be deposited. For example, for the deposition of an alloy composed of equal. parts, by weight, of silver and cadmium I use an anode composed of equal or about equal parts of the said metals. After the cathodesthat is to say, the articles upon which it is desired to form the deposithave been placed in the electrolytic bath and the current caused to flow the metals are deposited thereon as an alloy of the desired composition. 1
The electrolytic bath may be used either hot or cold, and I can increase or diminish the hardness of the deposit by varying the proportions of the metals in the alloy.
I wish it understood that I do not limit myself to any special proportions of the metals, as such proportions may be varied according to the purpose for which the alloy is required Without departing from the nature of my invention.
What I claim is The method of depositing by electrolysis an alloy of silver and any known metal or metals other than the rare metals, which has or have a specific gravity between 6.5 and 9.0 at 15 centigrade and boils or boil at a temperature between 710 Centigrade and 1045 centigrade under the ordinary atmospheric pressure on metals and other suitable articles, wherein the articles to be coated are placed in a bath of the dggble cyanides of such metal or metals and silver and' 'p'otassium, and an anode is employed consisting of an alloy of the metals to be deposited in approximately the proportions of the required deposit, substantially as herein described.
In testimonywhereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
SHERARD OSBORN OOWPER-COLES. Witnesses:
GEORGE HARRISON, ARTHUR HENRY DEATH.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US487176A true US487176A (en) | 1892-11-29 |
Family
ID=2556025
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US487176D Expired - Lifetime US487176A (en) | Per-coles |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US487176A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2555375A (en) * | 1948-11-13 | 1951-06-05 | Battelle Development Corp | Process of plating bright silver alloy |
| US2757134A (en) * | 1953-08-17 | 1956-07-31 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Zinc cyanide electrolyte |
| US20100090400A1 (en) * | 2008-10-13 | 2010-04-15 | Rosen Lawrence I | Multi-dimensional puzzle |
-
0
- US US487176D patent/US487176A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2555375A (en) * | 1948-11-13 | 1951-06-05 | Battelle Development Corp | Process of plating bright silver alloy |
| US2757134A (en) * | 1953-08-17 | 1956-07-31 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Zinc cyanide electrolyte |
| US20100090400A1 (en) * | 2008-10-13 | 2010-04-15 | Rosen Lawrence I | Multi-dimensional puzzle |
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