US4865326A - Optical brightners in golf ball clear coatings - Google Patents
Optical brightners in golf ball clear coatings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4865326A US4865326A US07/100,771 US10077187A US4865326A US 4865326 A US4865326 A US 4865326A US 10077187 A US10077187 A US 10077187A US 4865326 A US4865326 A US 4865326A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- golf ball
- optical brightener
- clear coat
- derivatives
- amount
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B43/00—Balls with special arrangements
- A63B43/06—Balls with special arrangements with illuminating devices ; with reflective surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0041—Optical brightening agents, organic pigments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2102/00—Application of clubs, bats, rackets or the like to the sporting activity ; particular sports involving the use of balls and clubs, bats, rackets, or the like
- A63B2102/32—Golf
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S273/00—Amusement devices: games
- Y10S273/08—Urethane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S273/00—Amusement devices: games
- Y10S273/22—Ionomer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S273/00—Amusement devices: games
- Y10S273/24—Luminescent, phosphorescent
Definitions
- the present invention relates to improvements in clear coats and, more particularly, to the improved appearance of golf balls which have clear coats containing optical brighteners, especially those selected from the group consisting of stilbene derivatives, styryl derivatives of benzene and biphenyl, bis(benzazol-2-yl) derivatives, coumarins, carbostyrils, naphthalimides, derivatives of dibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide, pyrene derivatives, and pyridotriazoles.
- optical brighteners especially those selected from the group consisting of stilbene derivatives, styryl derivatives of benzene and biphenyl, bis(benzazol-2-yl) derivatives, coumarins, carbostyrils, naphthalimides, derivatives of dibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide, pyrene derivatives, and pyridotriazoles.
- golf balls were finished by applying a series of coats of paint or the like to the outer surface thereof.
- a typical finishing operation involved the applying of an opaque primer followed by a second opaque layer, usually white, commonly called a "top coat.”
- identifying indicia such as a trademark, an identifying number, a model number, and the like were stamped on the ball. Because these stampings are by their nature non-durable, one or two "clear coats" were typically applied to the top of the golf ball. Where two clear coats are used, the first is usually a primer. The final clear coat, the outermost coating on the ball, is referred to as the finish coat.
- the clear coats are characterized by being glossy, transparent and free or substantially free of pigment. In addition to protecting the indicia stamped or otherwise affixed to the outer surface of the top coat, they also imparted a glossy finish to the ball which substantially improved its appearance.
- the finish coat in some instances contained a trace amount of optical brightener, i.e. below 0.01% by weight of the resin solids of the finish coat. However, this trace amount of optical brightener has little effect on the brightness of the golf ball.
- the British patent teaches the use of a range of 0.001% to 0.5% optical brightener based on the weight of the cover stock. In actual practice, in order to have a ball of relatively bright appearance, it is necessary to use about 0.10%-0.15%. This requires the use of approximately 10 to 15 grams per 1000 golf balls.
- an optical brightener such as a fluorescent material
- an optical brightener such as a fluorescent material
- one or more clear coats are still applied to the outermost surface of the golf ball. While these balls have a very pleasing and bright appearance, they are also comparatively expensive to manufacture. The reason for this is that fluorescent materials and other optical brighteners are expensive as compared to most other components in a golf ball.
- the applicant has now discovered that a golf ball with a very bright finish can be made at substantially less cost than has hereto been possible.
- the applicant accomplishes this by incorporating a substantial amount of an optical brightener into the outermost clear coat.
- an optical brightener By incorporating at least 0.3% optical brightener by weight of resin solids into the outermost clear coat, the need for an optical brightener in the cover stock is eliminated.
- Economic advantage is obtained because only a small amount of optical brightener per ball is required when the optical brightener is applied in the clear coat; results comparable to those obtained with optical brightener incorporated in the cover stock at a level of 10 grams per 1000 balls have been obtained with as little as 0.25 grams (0.2%) of optical brightener per 1000 golf balls when the optical brightener is incorporated in the finish clear coat. While the economic saving is small on a per ball basis, it is quite substantial when applied to the many millions of dozens of golf balls sod today.
- clear coat means a coating applied to the outer surface of the golf ball which is transparent and imparts gloss to the ball.
- Clear coats are generally free of pigmentation and have the appearance of water. However, they can contain small amounts of dye or pigment so long as they are still transparent.
- Clear coat materials are well known in the golf ball art. They are generally either epoxies or urethanes. Where a clear primer is used, it is usually an epoxy or a one pack urethane.
- the finish clear coat is generally a two pack polyurethane, consisting of separate packages of the polyol and the diisocyanate. We prefer to admix the optical brightener in the polyol before the polyol and the diisocyanate are combined.
- optical brightener as used herein is generally the same as that set forth in Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 3d Edition, Volume 4, page 213. As there stated, optical brighteners absorb the invisible ultra-violet portion of the daylight spectrum and convert this energy into the longer-wavelength visible portion of the spectrum. Kirk-Othmer describes typical optical brighteners, including stilbene derivatives, styryl derivatives of benzene and biphenyl, bis(benzazol-2-yl) derivatives, coumarins, carbostyrils, naphthalimides, derivatives of dibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide, pyrene derivatives, and pyridotriazoles.
- any of these or other known optical brighteners may be used, alone or in combination, so long as they are compatible with each other and with the clear coat in which they are used.
- specific optical brighteners are derivatives of 4,4'-diamino stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid, 4-methyl-7-diethylamino coumarin and 2,5-bis(5-tert-butyl)-2-benzoxazolyl) thiophene, of which the latter is the preferred optical brightener for use in the present invention.
- the amount of optical brightener to be included in the outermost coating on the ball is largely a matter of choice.
- the amount can range anywhere from the minimum 0.3% level to 2% or more by weight of the resin solids in the clear coat. We have found an amount of about 0.6-0.8% by weight resin solids to be a very desirable amount and most prefer an amount of about 0.75%. With 0.75%, a very bright ball is obtained. While the brightness can be made even a little greater by adding a greater amount of optical brightener, the cost-benefit ratio decreases rapidly above 0.8%.
- optical brightener which can be used is limited by the amount of optical brightener which can be dissolved in the clear coat resin system. Because these resin systems are typically high in solids content, i.e. on the order of 35-60% solids with the balance being a carrier therefor, the amount of optical brightener which can be added is typically quite small. In our experience, the maximum amount that has been found soluble has been less than 2% by weight of the solids in the resin system, and is generally about 1% or lower.
- the golf ball cover material which dominates the market today is Surlyn. While other cover materials such as balata and polyurethane are sometimes used, Surlyn is by far the most widely used. Except as otherwise indicated in a specific example, the golf ball had a cover of a Surlyn ionomer resin.
- the golf ball color is incorporated directly into the cover of the golf ball and, importantly, no opaque coating is applied to the surface of the golf ball (this distinction is made since painted golf balls may also have coloring material, notably titanium dioxide, incorporated into the cover stock).
- the coloring material used was titanium dioxide where the color is white, a fluorescent dye where the color is yellow and a fluorescent pigment where the color is orange.
- the golf balls had one or more clear coats on the outer surface thereof.
- These clear coats typically were a primer and a finish coat, each of which was a clear, transparent polyurethane.
- the clear coats had a 50% by weight resin solids content.
- the outermost clear coat also included an optical brightener. Where present, the amount of optical brightener is set forth as a percentage by weight of the solids content of the optical brightener.
- the optical brightener was Ciba-Geigy's Uvitex O.B., which is a butyl-benzoxazole derivative chemically known as 2,5-bis(5-tert-butyl-2-benzoxazolyl) thiophene.
- SIVR an internal comparative test which it employs.
- a visual comparison of golf balls is made and the balls are compared on an arbitrary scale of 0 through 10, with 0 being the least bright and 10 being the most bright.
- the 0 value was assigned to a standard commercial golf ball which was pigmented white and clear coated in standard manner and contained no optical brightener. It will thus be appreciated that a rating of 0 is not an indication of no brightness or no gloss; it is simply a value arbitrarily assigned as just described. It will also be appreciated that, since there is no assigned value below 0, balls with a 0 rating can range from very dull to quite glossy.
- the high value of 10 is the high value of 10. This value was arbitrarily assigned to a golf ball whose outermost clear coat included an optical brightener at the level of 0.75% by weight of the solids content of that coating. Since greater amounts of optical brightener can be used in the clear coat and will, as previously described, enhance brightness even a little more, the 10 value also includes a range of brightness. The 0 through 10 range was selected because it gives a broad differential between the 0 and 10 values as previously specified, and these two values are of primary interest in the present application. Because the values are assigned visually, there may be some variance from observer to observer. However, it is believed that the relative positions of the balls set forth in the examples below will fall in the same relative position regardless of the particular observer.
- White pigmented golf balls were made.
- the cover contained 2% titanium dioxide and 0.017% Ultramarine blue by weight of the cover stock.
- a clear polyurethane primer coat was applied, and on top of that a finish polyurethane clear coat was applied.
- the finish clear coat was the outermost coating applied to the golf ball and contained 0.75% optical brightener.
- the golf balls had a very bright and glossy appearance and had an SIVR of 10.
- Example I was repeated except that the level of optical brightener was 0.3%.
- the ball had a bright and glossy finish and an SIVR of 4.
- Example I was repeated except that the level of optical brightener was 1.0%.
- the ball had a very bright and glossy finish and an SIVR of 10.
- Example II As a comparison, a golf ball was made as in Example I except that there was no optical brightener in the clear coat. While the ball was glossy, it was not bright and had an SIVR of 0.
- Example IV was repeated except that an optical brightener was included in the cover material at a level of 0.14%. This ball was tested both before and after application of the clear coating. Before application of the clear coating, the ball had a very bright, glossy appearance and an SIVR of 10. After application of the clear coating, the golf ball still had a glossy and moderately bright appearance. However, its SIVR had dropped to 3.
- Example VI was repeated except that optical brightener was included in the clear coat in the amount of 0.3%.
- the ball had a bright and glossy finish and an SIVR of 4.
- Example VI was repeated except that optical brightener was included in the clear coat in the amount of 0.75%.
- the ball had a very bright and glossy finish and an SIVR of 10.
- Example I is repeated with Sandoz's Leucopure EGM, a coumarin derivative chemically known as 7-(2h-naphthol (1,2-d)-triazol-2-yl)-3-phenyl coumarin. Comparable results are obtained.
- Example I is repeated with Phorwhite K-2002, a pyrazoline derivative from Mobay. Comparable results are obtained.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/100,771 US4865326A (en) | 1987-09-24 | 1987-09-24 | Optical brightners in golf ball clear coatings |
NZ225930A NZ225930A (en) | 1987-09-24 | 1988-08-24 | A clear coat composition including optical brightener for coating golf balls |
AU21754/88A AU591608B2 (en) | 1987-09-24 | 1988-09-01 | Improvement in clear coats |
ZA886553A ZA886553B (en) | 1987-09-24 | 1988-09-02 | Clear coats |
CA000576922A CA1323948C (en) | 1987-09-24 | 1988-09-09 | Clear coats |
GB8822240A GB2210374B (en) | 1987-09-24 | 1988-09-21 | Improvements in clear coats |
JP63237469A JP2585749B2 (en) | 1987-09-24 | 1988-09-21 | Golf ball |
US07/346,395 US5018742A (en) | 1987-09-24 | 1989-04-28 | Golf ball clear coating with optical brighteners |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/100,771 US4865326A (en) | 1987-09-24 | 1987-09-24 | Optical brightners in golf ball clear coatings |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07/346,395 Continuation US5018742A (en) | 1987-09-24 | 1989-04-28 | Golf ball clear coating with optical brighteners |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US4865326A true US4865326A (en) | 1989-09-12 |
US4865326B1 US4865326B1 (en) | 1991-08-13 |
Family
ID=22281454
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07/100,771 Expired - Lifetime US4865326A (en) | 1987-09-24 | 1987-09-24 | Optical brightners in golf ball clear coatings |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4865326A (en) |
JP (1) | JP2585749B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU591608B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1323948C (en) |
GB (1) | GB2210374B (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ225930A (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA886553B (en) |
Cited By (41)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4991851A (en) * | 1990-05-09 | 1991-02-12 | Ruben Melesio | Reflective golf ball and method |
US5000458A (en) * | 1990-04-20 | 1991-03-19 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Golf ball with optical brightener in the primer coat |
US5007647A (en) * | 1989-12-15 | 1991-04-16 | Sports Glow, Inc. | Golf ball and method of making same |
GB2254792A (en) * | 1991-04-18 | 1992-10-21 | Hogan Ben Co | Multiple-coat clear coat with optical brightener for golf ball. |
US5160536A (en) * | 1991-04-18 | 1992-11-03 | Acushnet Company | Printing ink for golf balls |
EP0640362A1 (en) * | 1993-08-26 | 1995-03-01 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries Limited | Clear paint for golf ball and golf ball coated with the same |
US5409233A (en) * | 1993-07-16 | 1995-04-25 | Lisco, Inc. | Golf ball coating composition |
US5409974A (en) * | 1993-09-22 | 1995-04-25 | Lisco, Inc. | Golf ball containing optical brightener blend |
US5427378A (en) * | 1994-01-10 | 1995-06-27 | Murphy; James A. | Golf ball and method of making same |
US5542680A (en) * | 1996-01-17 | 1996-08-06 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Golf ball with clear cover |
US5785612A (en) * | 1996-04-16 | 1998-07-28 | Wilson Sporting Goods Co. | Golf ball |
US5840788A (en) * | 1997-06-20 | 1998-11-24 | Acushnet Company | Ultraviolet light resistant urethane top coat for golf balls |
US5989135A (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 1999-11-23 | Night & Day Golf, Inc. | Luminescent golf ball |
US6103787A (en) * | 1998-03-03 | 2000-08-15 | Acushnet Company | Golf ball cover compositions |
US6245386B1 (en) | 2000-04-26 | 2001-06-12 | Callaway Golf Company | Method and system for finishing a golf ball |
US6284835B1 (en) | 1999-07-09 | 2001-09-04 | Lilly Industries, Inc. | High impact coatings |
US6340503B1 (en) | 1996-03-01 | 2002-01-22 | Spalding Sports Worldwide, Inc. | Method of coating a game ball with a solvent-based polyurethane cured with catalyst |
KR100338399B1 (en) * | 1998-05-14 | 2002-05-27 | 조지안느 플로 | Compositions for bleaching skin comprising optical brighteners as bleaching agents |
US6395861B1 (en) | 1996-03-01 | 2002-05-28 | Spalding Sports Worldside, Inc. | Quick-cure game ball coating system |
US20020077199A1 (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2002-06-20 | Kazuhisa Fushihara | Golf ball |
US6450900B2 (en) * | 1998-05-14 | 2002-09-17 | Kametani Sangyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Marked golf ball and method for marking a golf ball |
US6528578B2 (en) | 1999-12-17 | 2003-03-04 | Acushnet Company | Golf ball covers including polyurethane and optical brighteners |
US20030050425A1 (en) * | 1996-03-01 | 2003-03-13 | Spalding Sports Worldwide, Inc. | Quick-cure game ball coating system |
US6561923B1 (en) * | 1998-07-07 | 2003-05-13 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Colored golf ball |
US6676543B2 (en) * | 2000-10-25 | 2004-01-13 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Limited | Coated golf ball |
US20040053708A1 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2004-03-18 | Hebert Edmund A. | Radioluminescent golf ball |
US20040142765A1 (en) * | 1998-10-06 | 2004-07-22 | Kennedy Thomas J. | Golf ball |
US20040254032A1 (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2004-12-16 | Lutz Mitchell E. | Golf ball having high surface friction |
US20090023518A1 (en) * | 2007-07-18 | 2009-01-22 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Triboluminescent materials and golf balls made from such materials |
US20100029413A1 (en) * | 2006-09-13 | 2010-02-04 | Gary Matroni | Golf Ball |
US8096899B2 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2012-01-17 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Golf ball comprising isocyanate-modified composition |
US8113966B2 (en) | 2005-01-26 | 2012-02-14 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Golf ball having cross-core hardness differential and method for making it |
US8211976B2 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2012-07-03 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Sports equipment compositions comprising a polyurethane, polyurea or prepolymer thereof and a polyfunctional modifier |
US20130165269A1 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-06-27 | Nike, Inc. | Golf Ball With Indicia Printed Under Topcoat |
US20130210553A1 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-08-15 | Nike, Inc. | Golf Ball With Indicia Printed Under Topcoat |
US8575278B2 (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2013-11-05 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Ionomer compositions for golf balls |
US8629228B2 (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2014-01-14 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Ionomer compositions for golf balls |
US8674023B2 (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2014-03-18 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Ionomer compositions for golf balls |
US8912286B2 (en) | 2005-12-21 | 2014-12-16 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Polymer compositions comprising peptizers, sports equipment comprising such compositions, and method for their manufacture |
US9643059B2 (en) | 2015-05-28 | 2017-05-09 | Acushnet Company | Golf ball incorporating ultra violet light resistant and light stable layer(s) and method of making |
US20220370856A1 (en) * | 2019-10-01 | 2022-11-24 | Acushnet Company | Coatings for golf balls having a thermoplastic polyurethane cover |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2573966B2 (en) * | 1987-09-26 | 1997-01-22 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | Golf ball coating method and pretreatment liquid used therefor |
US5029870A (en) * | 1989-09-19 | 1991-07-09 | Acushnet Company | Painted golf ball |
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GB835719A (en) * | 1955-12-20 | 1960-05-25 | Ciba Ltd | Process for the optical brightening of artificial fibres |
GB862645A (en) * | 1956-03-16 | 1961-03-15 | Ciba Ltd | Method of optically brightening cellulosic materials and polymer based preparations therefor |
GB1014651A (en) * | 1960-11-12 | 1965-12-31 | Hoechst Ag | Process for optically brightening natural or synthetic polymeric materials |
GB1243479A (en) * | 1967-08-03 | 1971-08-18 | Geigy Ag J R | Optical brightening of paper |
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US4679795A (en) * | 1983-08-01 | 1987-07-14 | Spalding & Evenflo Companies, Inc. | Optical brighteners in golf ball covers |
US4798386A (en) * | 1986-12-22 | 1989-01-17 | Acushnet Company | Golf ball with fluorescent cover |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA1206178A (en) * | 1982-05-28 | 1986-06-17 | Acushnet Company | Golf ball with fluorescent cover |
AU555564B2 (en) * | 1983-08-01 | 1986-10-02 | Top-Flite Golf Company, The | Golf ball |
JPS60109647U (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1985-07-25 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | golf ball |
JPS61113475U (en) * | 1984-12-26 | 1986-07-17 | ||
JPH0247980Y2 (en) * | 1985-04-10 | 1990-12-17 |
-
1987
- 1987-09-24 US US07/100,771 patent/US4865326A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1988
- 1988-08-24 NZ NZ225930A patent/NZ225930A/en unknown
- 1988-09-01 AU AU21754/88A patent/AU591608B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-09-02 ZA ZA886553A patent/ZA886553B/en unknown
- 1988-09-09 CA CA000576922A patent/CA1323948C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-09-21 GB GB8822240A patent/GB2210374B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-09-21 JP JP63237469A patent/JP2585749B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (11)
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GB835719A (en) * | 1955-12-20 | 1960-05-25 | Ciba Ltd | Process for the optical brightening of artificial fibres |
GB862645A (en) * | 1956-03-16 | 1961-03-15 | Ciba Ltd | Method of optically brightening cellulosic materials and polymer based preparations therefor |
GB1014651A (en) * | 1960-11-12 | 1965-12-31 | Hoechst Ag | Process for optically brightening natural or synthetic polymeric materials |
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Cited By (56)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5007647A (en) * | 1989-12-15 | 1991-04-16 | Sports Glow, Inc. | Golf ball and method of making same |
WO1991008802A1 (en) * | 1989-12-15 | 1991-06-27 | Sports Glow, Inc. | Golf ball and method of manufacturing same |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4865326B1 (en) | 1991-08-13 |
AU2175488A (en) | 1989-05-25 |
GB8822240D0 (en) | 1988-10-26 |
NZ225930A (en) | 1990-06-26 |
JPH01158976A (en) | 1989-06-22 |
JP2585749B2 (en) | 1997-02-26 |
ZA886553B (en) | 1989-05-30 |
AU591608B2 (en) | 1989-12-07 |
GB2210374A (en) | 1989-06-07 |
GB2210374B (en) | 1991-12-18 |
CA1323948C (en) | 1993-11-02 |
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