US483826A - Hermann brxngger - Google Patents
Hermann brxngger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US483826A US483826A US483826DA US483826A US 483826 A US483826 A US 483826A US 483826D A US483826D A US 483826DA US 483826 A US483826 A US 483826A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- boiler
- solution
- lining
- salt
- digesters
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 70
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 38
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 16
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulphite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(0) Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000002939 deleterious Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 231100000078 corrosive Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 231100001010 corrosive Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LVGQIQHJMRUCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium bisulfite Chemical compound [Ca+2].OS([O-])=O.OS([O-])=O LVGQIQHJMRUCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium sulfite Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])=O GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000004907 Glands Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010260 calcium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010261 calcium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004295 calcium sulphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100001004 fissure Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MREMJHYQJRDZII-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium;hydrogen sulfite Chemical compound [Sr+2].OS([O-])=O.OS([O-])=O MREMJHYQJRDZII-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VTBSJEPGLHXIIS-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium;sulfite Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]S([O-])=O VTBSJEPGLHXIIS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- -1 sulphurous oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C3/00—Pulping cellulose-containing materials
- D21C3/22—Other features of pulping processes
- D21C3/226—Use of compounds avoiding scale formation
Definitions
- Figure 1 is a longitudinal axial section of a revoluble jacketed boiler.
- Fig. 2 is a like View of a boiler inclosed within a heaterchamber, and
- Fig. 3 is a vertical axial section of a stationary boiler inclosed within a heaterchamber.
- the invention has for its object to provide digesters or boilers with a lining that is insoluble in the fluid with which such digesters or boilers are or may be charged-as, for instance, in that class of digesters or boilers employed in the disintegration of fibrous materials by the sulphite process-or other processes in which solutions are employed that have a deleterious or corrosive effect upon the metallic surfaces of the digester or boiler 45 brought in contact therewith.
- the invention consists in the mode or process of forming such linings, substantially as hereinafter fully described, and as set forth in the claim.
- various salts or combinations of salts may be employed from the solution of which the boiler-lining may be produced by decomposition or partial decomposition of the solution or by separation in conjunction with heat to form a hard incrustation.
- linings of a more or less strong nature may be produced from solutions of sulphate of calcium, barium 8o sulphite, or sulphite of strontium and similarly of other salts soluble in water that will separate or precipitate from their solutions by decomposition or partial decomposition of the latter or simply by separation, so that boilers or digesters may be provided with a lining that may be insoluble in the solution of the salt from which such lining has been derived or insoluble in some other fluid or chemical solution that would act corrosively 0 upon bare boiler-walls.
- I am not able at the present time to positively determine the reactions that take place or may take place under the influence of heat upon any particular salt or combination of salts; but from experiments made with some of the salts of the alkaline earths I may state that in the case of a bisulphite, as of a bisulphite of calcium, the salt is converted into a monosulphite which by the further action of the heat is decomposed into calcic sulphate and sulphide with evolution of water, sulphurous oxide, and sulphur, which calcic sulphate and sulphide with some of the monosulphite that remains undecomposed are insoluble in the bisulphite solution.
- Such linings may also be produced from a barium or strontium sulphite, in fact from any salt or salts that are more or less soluble in water and which can be separated therefrom by the agency of heat to form a lining to protect the boiler or di gester provided therewith against the deleterious action of afluid.
- Such linings may also be obtained from a calcium-sulphate solution, such sulphate being sufficiently soluble in water, especially when obtained by neutralizing a weak solution of sulphuric acid with carbonate of lime.
- thelining obtained is enamel-like, hard, compact, and adheres to the boiler-walls with exceeding tenacity, and should such lining crackor fissure from any cause it can be readily repaired by deposition from a solution of asalt or salts, from which such lining has originally been produced.
- the degree of saturation of the solution is, so far as I have been able to determine, immaterial, as the separation of the salt from its solution will take place under the influence of heat, whether the soludigester or Whether the walls of the latter in contact with the solution are heated after the introduction of the solution.
- Fig. 1 I have shown a convenient means for heating the solution in the digester or boiler with a view to its decomposition or partial decomposition to separate the salt there from and produce or form a crust or lining within the boiler.
- the boiler A is provided with an inclosing jacket B, such boiler being revoluble on journals or trunnions A Airespectively, said boiler revolving on rolling bearings E.
- the journal or trunnion A has'an axial stem at so constructed as to leave an annular space around it for a stuffing-box gland a said axial stem having two passages 1 and 2.
- the passage 1 is connected with a suitable steam generator or superheater or steam-reservoir and communicates at its inner end with an annular passage 3, that opens into the boilerjacket B.
- a valve L To the outer end of the passage 2 is connected a valve L and to the inner end of such passage a pipe K, that extends into proximity to the inner wall of the boiler and terminates in a bent portion 70.
- This pipe and the valved passage perform the function of a valved vent, whereby the vapors or gases boiler for whatever connected with a pipe F secured in the bore of the tubular journalA through which the steam admitted to the jacket B is allowed to escape.
- such boiler may be contained in a heating-chamber constructed of masonry, as
- a reservoir J for the salt solution may be arranged within the heating-chamber and connected with the boiler, a suitable check-valve V being interposed in such connection, and a pressure regulating valve V may be interposed in the supply-pipe of the reservoir-J, as shown in Fig. 3, for'obvious purposes.
- the jacket or heatingchamber serves, also, to heat the fluid in the purpose such fluid may be used-as,for instance, the sulphite solution in the process of disintegrating fibrous materialsand in the arrangement shown in Fig. 3 either the solution of the salts for forming the incrustated lining in the boiler or the fluid or solution subsequently used in the boiler can be kept at a proper temperature, so that a saving of fuel is eifected.
- the arrows a and a indicate, respectively, the admission and escape of the heating medium, such as heated air or air and other gases. tion is introduced into a preheated boiler or When theboiler is revoluble, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, it is not necessary to completely fill it with the solution of a salt in order to form a protective lining for such boiler by the decomposition or partial decomposition of the solution, since the entire interior surface of the boiler will come in contact with the solution duringthe rotation of such boiler. When, however, the boiler is a stationary one, whether horizontal or vertical, then it becomes necessary to completely fill such boiler with the'saltsolution, as will be readily understood.
- the degree to which the boiler-walls in contact with the solution are heated will vary according to the nature of the solution. 111 the case of a solution of salt of the alkaline earths the temperature may range from about 100 centigrade upward.
Description
(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.
H. BRUNGGER.
PROCESS OF LINING DIGESTBRS. No. 483,826. Patented Oct. 4, 1892.
d e a \& H m
(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.
H.' BRUNGGER. PROCESS OF LINING DIGESTERS.
No. 483,826. 9 Patented Oct. 4; 1892. I
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
IIERMANN BRIINGGER, OF OUNNERSDORF, ASSIGNOR TO FERDINAND SALOMON, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.
PROCESS OF LINING' DIGESTERS.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 483,826, dated October 4, 1892.
Application filed April 26, 1890. Serial No. 349,621. (No specimens.) Patentedin England September 1'7, 1888, Ila-13,396, and December 10, 1888, No. 18,003,- in Norway September 17, 1888, No. 1.087: in France October 19, 1888 No. 193,6371'i11 Belgium November 5, 1888, No. 88,841, and December 1, 1888, No- 84,140; in Germany November 7, 1888, No. 50,789, and
in Switzerland February 5, 1889, N0. 398.
To aZZ whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, HERMANN Bniineonn, a citizen of Switzerland, residing at Gunnersdorf, in the district of Liegnitz, German Empire, have invented a certain new and useful Process of Lining Digesters, (for which I have obtained a patent in Switzerland, dated February 5, 1889, No. 398, and for which I have obtained patents in conjunction with Ferdinand Salomon, LL. D. and manufacturer, a subject of the King of Prussia, rcsiding at 59 Mohrenstrasse, Berlin, who is interested in said invention with me in the following countries, to wit: Great Britain, September 17, 1888, No. 13,396, and December 10, 1888, No. 18,003; Norway, September 17, 1888, No. 1,087; France, October 19, 1888, No. 193,637 Germany, November 7, 1888, No. 50,789, and in Belgium November 5, 1888, No. 83,841, and December 1,1888, No. 84:,1409 and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal axial section of a revoluble jacketed boiler. Fig. 2 is a like View of a boiler inclosed within a heaterchamber, and Fig. 3 is a vertical axial section of a stationary boiler inclosed within a heaterchamber.
The invention has for its object to provide digesters or boilers with a lining that is insoluble in the fluid with which such digesters or boilers are or may be charged-as, for instance, in that class of digesters or boilers employed in the disintegration of fibrous materials by the sulphite process-or other processes in which solutions are employed that have a deleterious or corrosive effect upon the metallic surfaces of the digester or boiler 45 brought in contact therewith.
" In an application for patent of even date withthis, Serial No. 349,623, I have described and claimed a boiler or digester provided with a lining insoluble in the solution from which such lining is formed, and I do not desire to claim this herein.
In my application for Letters Patent of the United States of even date with this, Serial No. 19,622, I have described a process or method of providing a lining insoluble in sulphite solutions by means of the solution itself; but such lining may be formed in boilers or digesters used in conjunction with other fluids or solutions which may have a deleterious action upon the metallic surfaces thereof, such linings being likewise formed by means of a solution of a salt or salts that when precipitated or separated from their solution will be insoluble in the fluid or solution used in the boiler, and thereby protect such boiler against the corrosive action of such fluid or solution.
To these ends the invention consists in the mode or process of forming such linings, substantially as hereinafter fully described, and as set forth in the claim.
In carrying out my invention various salts or combinations of salts may be employed from the solution of which the boiler-lining may be produced by decomposition or partial decomposition of the solution or by separation in conjunction with heat to form a hard incrustation. Thus, for instance, linings of a more or less strong nature may be produced from solutions of sulphate of calcium, barium 8o sulphite, or sulphite of strontium and similarly of other salts soluble in water that will separate or precipitate from their solutions by decomposition or partial decomposition of the latter or simply by separation, so that boilers or digesters may be provided with a lining that may be insoluble in the solution of the salt from which such lining has been derived or insoluble in some other fluid or chemical solution that would act corrosively 0 upon bare boiler-walls.
I am not able at the present time to positively determine the reactions that take place or may take place under the influence of heat upon any particular salt or combination of salts; but from experiments made with some of the salts of the alkaline earths I may state that in the case of a bisulphite, as of a bisulphite of calcium, the salt is converted into a monosulphite which by the further action of the heat is decomposed into calcic sulphate and sulphide with evolution of water, sulphurous oxide, and sulphur, which calcic sulphate and sulphide with some of the monosulphite that remains undecomposed are insoluble in the bisulphite solution. Such linings may also be produced from a barium or strontium sulphite, in fact from any salt or salts that are more or less soluble in water and which can be separated therefrom by the agency of heat to form a lining to protect the boiler or di gester provided therewith against the deleterious action of afluid. Such linings may also be obtained from a calcium-sulphate solution, such sulphate being sufficiently soluble in water, especially when obtained by neutralizing a weak solution of sulphuric acid with carbonate of lime. In the use of a calcium sulphite or bisulphite or'of a barium or strontium bisulphite or of calcium sulphate thelining obtained is enamel-like, hard, compact, and adheres to the boiler-walls with exceeding tenacity, and should such lining crackor fissure from any cause it can be readily repaired by deposition from a solution of asalt or salts, from which such lining has originally been produced. The degree of saturation of the solution is, so far as I have been able to determine, immaterial, as the separation of the salt from its solution will take place under the influence of heat, whether the soludigester or Whether the walls of the latter in contact with the solution are heated after the introduction of the solution.
In Fig. 1 I have shown a convenient means for heating the solution in the digester or boiler with a view to its decomposition or partial decomposition to separate the salt there from and produce or form a crust or lining within the boiler. In this construction the boiler A is provided with an inclosing jacket B, such boiler being revoluble on journals or trunnions A Airespectively, said boiler revolving on rolling bearings E. As shown, the journal or trunnion A has'an axial stem at so constructed as to leave an annular space around it for a stuffing-box gland a said axial stem having two passages 1 and 2. The passage 1 is connected with a suitable steam generator or superheater or steam-reservoir and communicates at its inner end with an annular passage 3, that opens into the boilerjacket B. To the outer end of the passage 2 is connected a valve L and to the inner end of such passage a pipe K, that extends into proximity to the inner wall of the boiler and terminates in a bent portion 70. This pipe and the valved passage perform the function of a valved vent, whereby the vapors or gases boiler for whatever connected with a pipe F secured in the bore of the tubular journalA through which the steam admitted to the jacket B is allowed to escape.
Instead of providing the boiler with a heating-jacket, such boiler may be contained in a heating-chamber constructed of masonry, as
shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and, if desired, a reservoir J for the salt solution may be arranged within the heating-chamber and connected with the boiler, a suitable check-valve V being interposed in such connection, anda pressure regulating valve V may be interposed in the supply-pipe of the reservoir-J, as shown in Fig. 3, for'obvious purposes.
In either of the described arrangements or constructions-of boiler the jacket or heatingchamber serves, also, to heat the fluid in the purpose such fluid may be used-as,for instance, the sulphite solution in the process of disintegrating fibrous materialsand in the arrangement shown in Fig. 3 either the solution of the salts for forming the incrustated lining in the boiler or the fluid or solution subsequently used in the boiler can be kept at a proper temperature, so that a saving of fuel is eifected.
In Figs. 2 and 3 the arrows a and a, indicate, respectively, the admission and escape of the heating medium, such as heated air or air and other gases. tion is introduced into a preheated boiler or When theboiler is revoluble, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, it is not necessary to completely fill it with the solution of a salt in order to form a protective lining for such boiler by the decomposition or partial decomposition of the solution, since the entire interior surface of the boiler will come in contact with the solution duringthe rotation of such boiler. When, however, the boiler is a stationary one, whether horizontal or vertical, then it becomes necessary to completely fill such boiler with the'saltsolution, as will be readily understood.
The degree to which the boiler-walls in contact with the solution are heated will vary according to the nature of the solution. 111 the case of a solution of salt of the alkaline earths the temperature may range from about 100 centigrade upward.
It is obvious that by means of the described process the usual expensive linings for the digestersor boilers may be entirely or par tially dispensed with, which hasheretofore not been the case.
The advantages of the described process over the usual mode of lining such boilers with lead or other material will be readily understood.
Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, gester to form a coating or lining insoluble in isthe solution used, substantially as set forth. to
The herein-described process of forming on In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the interior surface of boilers or digesters a presence of two Witnesses.
5 protective coating or lining, which consistsin HERMANN BRl INGGER.
separating a salt from a suitable solution by Witnesses: the agency of heat and depositing the same J. J. KENNEDY,
upon the interior surface of the boiler or di- THOS. I-I. SAVERY.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US483826A true US483826A (en) | 1892-10-04 |
Family
ID=2552676
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US483826D Expired - Lifetime US483826A (en) | Hermann brxngger |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US483826A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5503711A (en) * | 1994-06-14 | 1996-04-02 | Salminen; Reijo | Method of rehabilitating a wood pulp digester |
US20050176521A1 (en) * | 2004-02-05 | 2005-08-11 | Club-Conex, Inc. | Golf club head and shaft connector and method |
DE102012000333A1 (en) | 2012-01-11 | 2013-07-11 | Michael Brillisauer | Left-running Stirling process based heating and air conditioning apparatus for electric car has linear motors for driving power piston, displacement piston and crank mechanism |
-
0
- US US483826D patent/US483826A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5503711A (en) * | 1994-06-14 | 1996-04-02 | Salminen; Reijo | Method of rehabilitating a wood pulp digester |
US20050176521A1 (en) * | 2004-02-05 | 2005-08-11 | Club-Conex, Inc. | Golf club head and shaft connector and method |
US7207897B2 (en) | 2004-02-05 | 2007-04-24 | Eric Burch | Golf club head and shaft connector and method |
DE102012000333A1 (en) | 2012-01-11 | 2013-07-11 | Michael Brillisauer | Left-running Stirling process based heating and air conditioning apparatus for electric car has linear motors for driving power piston, displacement piston and crank mechanism |
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