US4824705A - Insulated pipe - Google Patents
Insulated pipe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4824705A US4824705A US06/899,014 US89901486A US4824705A US 4824705 A US4824705 A US 4824705A US 89901486 A US89901486 A US 89901486A US 4824705 A US4824705 A US 4824705A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- pipe
- rubber
- surrounding
- layers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
- F16L59/028—Composition or method of fixing a thermally insulating material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
- F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
- F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
- F16L58/10—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics
- F16L58/1054—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics the coating being placed outside the pipe
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
- F16L59/143—Pre-insulated pipes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
- Y10T428/1355—Elemental metal containing [e.g., substrate, foil, film, coating, etc.]
- Y10T428/1359—Three or more layers [continuous layer]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
- Y10T428/1386—Natural or synthetic rubber or rubber-like compound containing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
- Y10T428/24983—Hardness
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/3167—Of cork
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
- Y10T428/31692—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31696—Including polyene monomers [e.g., butadiene, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31826—Of natural rubber
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31924—Including polyene monomers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31931—Polyene monomer-containing
Definitions
- This invention relates to an insulated pipe especially but not exclusively intended for subsea pipelines for transport of oil, gas and similar products, which pipe comprises a steel pipe, a corrosion protection, a thermally insulating layer surrounding this and a protective layer surrounding the insulating layer.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a pipe according to the invention
- a layer 3 of thermally insulating material consisting of a mixture of rubber and cork with a % by volume of cork lying between 30 and 70, preferably between 40 and 65.
- the modulus of elasticity of the rubber material enclosing the cork granules can vary between 1 and 1000 MPa. A break elongation between about 5 and 150% is obtained within this range and the rupture limit is between 2 and 15 MPa and the density between 0.8 and 1.0.
- the heat conductivity varies as a function of the % by volume of cork and as an example it can be mentioned that the lambda-value is about 0.14 with 50% by volume of cork in the insulating material.
- the rubber included in the insulating material is preferably a polychloroprene, but can also be a polydiene.
- the insulating layer 3 is intimately connected with the interior protective layer 2 as well as the outer protective layer with the insulating layer 3, and the connection between the different layers is accomplished by vulcanization.
- the layers 2, 3 and 4 can be built-up in that strips of material included in the respective layers are wound in turn onto the steel pipe 1 and then vulcanized.
- the pipe ends 5 are left free to enable welding of several insulated pipes according to the present invention to a pipeline of a desired length.
- the interspace or joint between two pipes is built up in the same way as indicated above, i.e. it is provided with an interior protective layer, an insulating layer 3 surrounding this and finally an outer protective layer 4, after which vulcanization takes place, an intimate connection also being obtained longitudinally and no longitudinal or transversal joints being obtained.
- the insulating layer can be built in sections with more or less narrow layers of merely rubber, preferably polychloroprene, placed in the very insulating layer 3.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE8504115A SE453939B (en) | 1985-09-04 | 1985-09-04 | INSULATED PIPE FOR UNDERWATER USE |
SE8504115 | 1985-09-04 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US4824705A true US4824705A (en) | 1989-04-25 |
Family
ID=20361292
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/899,014 Expired - Fee Related US4824705A (en) | 1985-09-04 | 1986-08-22 | Insulated pipe |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4824705A (en) |
DK (1) | DK420386A (en) |
GB (1) | GB2180032A (en) |
NL (1) | NL8602144A (en) |
NO (1) | NO863502L (en) |
SE (1) | SE453939B (en) |
Cited By (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4938527A (en) * | 1988-03-12 | 1990-07-03 | Keiper Recaro Gmbh & Co. | Plastic body for vehicle seats |
GB2326687A (en) * | 1997-06-23 | 1998-12-30 | British Steel Plc | Double walled pipe structure |
US5972450A (en) * | 1995-10-10 | 1999-10-26 | Bundy Corporation | Metal tubing coated with multiple layers of polymeric materials |
US6000438A (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-12-14 | Mcdermott Technology, Inc. | Phase change insulation for subsea flowlines |
US6183825B1 (en) | 1996-06-24 | 2001-02-06 | Fulton Enterprises, Inc. | Protective material for preventing microbiologically-influenced corrosion in buried conduits |
US6196272B1 (en) * | 1999-02-12 | 2001-03-06 | Mary Maureen Davis | Modular insulated pipe |
US6213157B1 (en) * | 1997-10-10 | 2001-04-10 | Doris Engineering | Submarine pipeline for transporting petroleum products |
WO2002034809A1 (en) * | 2000-10-27 | 2002-05-02 | Atofina | Polyurethane elastomer gel insulating composition and use thereof |
US6382259B1 (en) * | 1998-06-22 | 2002-05-07 | Corus Uk Limited | Insulated pipework systems |
US6397895B1 (en) | 1999-07-02 | 2002-06-04 | F. Glenn Lively | Insulated pipe |
US6488998B1 (en) | 1996-06-24 | 2002-12-03 | Fulton Enterprises, Inc. | Pipe wrap for preventing microbiologically influenced corrosion in buried conduits |
US6660350B1 (en) * | 1997-03-03 | 2003-12-09 | Itt Automotive, Inc. | Electro-optical removal of plastic layer bonded to a metal tube |
US20050184191A1 (en) * | 2004-02-25 | 2005-08-25 | Sonoco Development, Inc. | Winding core and associated method |
US20060163420A1 (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2006-07-27 | Sonoco Development, Inc. | High-stiffness winding core |
US20060169344A1 (en) * | 2004-10-14 | 2006-08-03 | Kenneth Toole | Pipe assembly |
US20100112260A1 (en) * | 2006-09-11 | 2010-05-06 | Jagdish Ramaniel Patel | Thermal insulating material |
US7823643B2 (en) | 2006-06-05 | 2010-11-02 | Fmc Technologies Inc. | Insulation shroud with internal support structure |
US20120056070A1 (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2012-03-08 | The Pullman Company | Compact coulomb damper |
US20120055746A1 (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2012-03-08 | The Pullman Company | Compact coulomb damper |
CN102943934A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-02-27 | 盘锦中际特种管材制造有限公司 | Composite nanometer aerogel anti-corrosion insulation oil tube |
US20140014870A1 (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2014-01-16 | Francois-Regis Pionetti | Rigid Material For Heat-Insulation and/or Buoyancy For An Underwater Pipe |
CN106151772A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2016-11-23 | 江苏省绿岛管阀件有限公司 | A kind of novel protected pipe |
US20170175946A1 (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-22 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Apparatus, systems and methods for thermal management of subsea pipeline |
CN112145803A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-29 | 中建六局水利水电建设集团有限公司 | Construction method of thermal pipeline with on-site foamed heat-insulating layer |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1989012199A1 (en) * | 1988-06-07 | 1989-12-14 | Regal Technology (U.K.) Ltd. | Material for and method of pipeline insulation |
FR2670862B1 (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1993-06-11 | Coflexip | FLEXIBLE PIPE WITH IMPROVED THERMAL PROTECTION. |
CN108006370A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-08 | 大连美宸特环保节能产品有限公司 | A kind of pipelines and petrochemical pipelines anticorrosion insulating layer implementation |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1668635A (en) * | 1926-03-29 | 1928-05-08 | Liquid Carbonic Co | Draft arm for soda fountains |
US4219173A (en) * | 1977-10-05 | 1980-08-26 | Forbes George A | Insulated pipe supports |
US4590971A (en) * | 1982-12-23 | 1986-05-27 | Webco Industrial Rubber Limited | Insulated pipeline |
US4632865A (en) * | 1985-11-13 | 1986-12-30 | Mediavault Inc. | Multi-layer intumescent-ablator endothermic fire retardant compositions |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB309662A (en) * |
-
1985
- 1985-09-04 SE SE8504115A patent/SE453939B/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1986
- 1986-08-11 GB GB08619557A patent/GB2180032A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1986-08-22 NL NL8602144A patent/NL8602144A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-08-22 US US06/899,014 patent/US4824705A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-09-02 NO NO863502A patent/NO863502L/en unknown
- 1986-09-03 DK DK420386A patent/DK420386A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1668635A (en) * | 1926-03-29 | 1928-05-08 | Liquid Carbonic Co | Draft arm for soda fountains |
US4219173A (en) * | 1977-10-05 | 1980-08-26 | Forbes George A | Insulated pipe supports |
US4590971A (en) * | 1982-12-23 | 1986-05-27 | Webco Industrial Rubber Limited | Insulated pipeline |
US4632865A (en) * | 1985-11-13 | 1986-12-30 | Mediavault Inc. | Multi-layer intumescent-ablator endothermic fire retardant compositions |
Cited By (33)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4938527A (en) * | 1988-03-12 | 1990-07-03 | Keiper Recaro Gmbh & Co. | Plastic body for vehicle seats |
US5972450A (en) * | 1995-10-10 | 1999-10-26 | Bundy Corporation | Metal tubing coated with multiple layers of polymeric materials |
US6488998B1 (en) | 1996-06-24 | 2002-12-03 | Fulton Enterprises, Inc. | Pipe wrap for preventing microbiologically influenced corrosion in buried conduits |
US6183825B1 (en) | 1996-06-24 | 2001-02-06 | Fulton Enterprises, Inc. | Protective material for preventing microbiologically-influenced corrosion in buried conduits |
US6224957B1 (en) | 1996-06-24 | 2001-05-01 | Fulton Enterprises, Inc. | Anti-corrosive material |
US6660350B1 (en) * | 1997-03-03 | 2003-12-09 | Itt Automotive, Inc. | Electro-optical removal of plastic layer bonded to a metal tube |
GB2326687A (en) * | 1997-06-23 | 1998-12-30 | British Steel Plc | Double walled pipe structure |
US6213157B1 (en) * | 1997-10-10 | 2001-04-10 | Doris Engineering | Submarine pipeline for transporting petroleum products |
US6000438A (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-12-14 | Mcdermott Technology, Inc. | Phase change insulation for subsea flowlines |
US6382259B1 (en) * | 1998-06-22 | 2002-05-07 | Corus Uk Limited | Insulated pipework systems |
US6196272B1 (en) * | 1999-02-12 | 2001-03-06 | Mary Maureen Davis | Modular insulated pipe |
US6397895B1 (en) | 1999-07-02 | 2002-06-04 | F. Glenn Lively | Insulated pipe |
US7025093B2 (en) | 2000-10-27 | 2006-04-11 | Atofina | Polyurethane elastomer gel insulating composition and use thereof |
FR2816031A1 (en) * | 2000-10-27 | 2002-05-03 | Atofina | INSULATING POLYURETHANE ELASTOMERIC GEL BASE COMPOSITION AND USE THEREOF |
US20040026653A1 (en) * | 2000-10-27 | 2004-02-12 | Evelyne Bonnet | Polyurethane elastomer gel insulating composition and use thereof |
WO2002034809A1 (en) * | 2000-10-27 | 2002-05-02 | Atofina | Polyurethane elastomer gel insulating composition and use thereof |
US20050184191A1 (en) * | 2004-02-25 | 2005-08-25 | Sonoco Development, Inc. | Winding core and associated method |
US7204451B2 (en) * | 2004-02-25 | 2007-04-17 | Sonoco Development, Inc. | Winding core and associated method |
US20060169344A1 (en) * | 2004-10-14 | 2006-08-03 | Kenneth Toole | Pipe assembly |
US20060163420A1 (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2006-07-27 | Sonoco Development, Inc. | High-stiffness winding core |
US7823643B2 (en) | 2006-06-05 | 2010-11-02 | Fmc Technologies Inc. | Insulation shroud with internal support structure |
US20100112260A1 (en) * | 2006-09-11 | 2010-05-06 | Jagdish Ramaniel Patel | Thermal insulating material |
US20120055746A1 (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2012-03-08 | The Pullman Company | Compact coulomb damper |
US20120056070A1 (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2012-03-08 | The Pullman Company | Compact coulomb damper |
US8794585B2 (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2014-08-05 | The Pullman Company | Compact coulomb damper |
US8794586B2 (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2014-08-05 | The Pullman Company | Compact coulomb damper |
US20140014870A1 (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2014-01-16 | Francois-Regis Pionetti | Rigid Material For Heat-Insulation and/or Buoyancy For An Underwater Pipe |
US9156967B2 (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2015-10-13 | Saipem S.A. | Rigid material for heat-insulation and/or buoyancy for an underwater pipe |
CN102943934A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-02-27 | 盘锦中际特种管材制造有限公司 | Composite nanometer aerogel anti-corrosion insulation oil tube |
US20170175946A1 (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-22 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Apparatus, systems and methods for thermal management of subsea pipeline |
US9863571B2 (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2018-01-09 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Apparatus, systems and methods for thermal management of subsea pipeline |
CN106151772A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2016-11-23 | 江苏省绿岛管阀件有限公司 | A kind of novel protected pipe |
CN112145803A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-29 | 中建六局水利水电建设集团有限公司 | Construction method of thermal pipeline with on-site foamed heat-insulating layer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2180032A (en) | 1987-03-18 |
DK420386D0 (en) | 1986-09-03 |
SE453939B (en) | 1988-03-14 |
NL8602144A (en) | 1987-04-01 |
NO863502D0 (en) | 1986-09-02 |
SE8504115D0 (en) | 1985-09-04 |
DK420386A (en) | 1987-03-05 |
GB8619557D0 (en) | 1986-09-24 |
NO863502L (en) | 1987-03-05 |
SE8504115L (en) | 1987-03-05 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SKEGA AB, S-934 02 ERSMARK, SWEDEN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:PERSSON, STURE;HOEL, LARS;REEL/FRAME:004602/0682 Effective date: 19860808 Owner name: SKEGA AB, SWEDEN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:PERSSON, STURE;HOEL, LARS;REEL/FRAME:004602/0682 Effective date: 19860808 |
|
LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees | ||
FP | Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee |
Effective date: 19930425 |
|
STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |