US481313A - Process of making malleable-iron castings - Google Patents
Process of making malleable-iron castings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US481313A US481313A US481313DA US481313A US 481313 A US481313 A US 481313A US 481313D A US481313D A US 481313DA US 481313 A US481313 A US 481313A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- castings
- iron
- carbon
- metal
- malleable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 229910001296 Malleable iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 6
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910001037 White iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000499 pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/08—Manufacture of cast-iron
Definitions
- the cupola itself may be employed, after the manner of a converter, in operating by suitable tuyeres on the charge of carburized and siliconized metal within it, the cupola in such case acting, first, as a melting and carburizing apparatus, and, second, as a desiliconizing apparatus, it being understood that the silicon is put into the metal for the very purpose of being later oxidized. It is of course to be understood that I make no claim to the mere use of ferro-silicon in the cupola, as that has long been done for the purpose of improving the metal.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
BENJAMIN TALBOT, OF OHATTANOOGA, TENNESSEE, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- FOURTH TO JAMES MEEHAN, OF GOVINGTON, KENTUCKY.
PROCESS OF MAKING MALLEABLE-IRON CASTINGS.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 481,313, dated August 23, 1892.
Application filed February 12, 1892. Serial-No. 421,327. (No specimens.)
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, BENJAMIN TALBOT, a subject of the Gueen of Great Britain, but having declared my intention of becoming a citizen of the United States, and residing at Chattanooga, Hamilton county, Tennessee, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Process of Making Iron for Maileable-Iron Castings, of which the following is a specification.
It is custoniaryin the manufacture of malleable-iron castings to charge gray pig-iron into an air-furnace, where it is desiliconized, producing a White iron, from which the castings are made, the castings being subsequently annealed, whereby the combined carbon is eliminated, no effect being had upon the graphitic carbon. If white iron were charged to the furnace, it would during the process become too low in combined carbon to lend itself to the annealing process. By my improved process I am able to use white iron or even decarhonized metal, as old malleable scrap, steel-scrap, or even tin-scrap, and from these cheap materials I am able to get castings sharply filling the molds and adapted in the highest degree for the annealing process.
Into an ordinary cupola, melting with coke, I charge low-carbon metal to be dealt with and with it I charge ferro-silicon. The melted metal tapped from the cupola is high in carbon; but the carbon is too highly graphitic. It is too low in combined carbon and too high in silicon for the purposes of malleable castings. I therefore put the metal into an ordinary air-furnace or converter and oxidize the silicon, thus reducing the silicon and changing the carbon to combined form, giving the desired composition of metal, and the oxidation of the silicon gives the high heat and fluidity requisite to the making of the castings in sharp correspondence with their molds.
Instead of withdrawing the metal from the cupola and oxidizing it in an air-furnace the cupola itself may be employed, after the manner of a converter, in operating by suitable tuyeres on the charge of carburized and siliconized metal within it, the cupola in such case acting, first, as a melting and carburizing apparatus, and, second, as a desiliconizing apparatus, it being understood that the silicon is put into the metal for the very purpose of being later oxidized. It is of course to be understood that I make no claim to the mere use of ferro-silicon in the cupola, as that has long been done for the purpose of improving the metal.
I claim as my invention- That improvement in the art of making iron for malleable-iron castings which consists in melting metal deficient in carbon, together with added ferro-silicon, in the presence of and by means of solid carbonaceous fuel, and subsequently sufficiently oxidizing the silicon to properly change the graphitic carbon to combined carbon.
BENJAMIN TALBOT.
itnesses:
O. L. HURLBUT, HA. CLUTTON.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US481313A true US481313A (en) | 1892-08-23 |
Family
ID=2550165
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US481313D Expired - Lifetime US481313A (en) | Process of making malleable-iron castings |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US481313A (en) |
-
0
- US US481313D patent/US481313A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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