US481039A - Mortising-machine - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) v `3 Sheets-Sheet l.

, W. F. LARISH.

MORTISING MACHINE.

No. 481,039. Patented Aug. 16, 1892.

(No Model.) W F LARISH BShets-Sheet 2.

MORTISING MACHINE.

PatentedAug. l16, 1892.

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(No Model.) 3 sheetssheet 3.

W. F. LARISH. MORTISING MACHINE.

No. 481,039.. Patented Aug. 16, 1892.

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VILBUR F. LARISH, OF OSHKOSI-LIVISOONSIN.

MORTISING=IVIACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 481,039, dated August 16, 1892.

Application filed October 30, 1891. Serial No. 410,379. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern/.-

Be it known that I, WILBUR F. LARIsH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oshkosh, in the county of NVinnebago and State of Visconsimhave invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mortising-Machines; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

It is the object of my invention to provide a mortising-machine especially adapted for use in 'the manufacture of door and blind stiles and capable of being employed for other useful purposes by which labor is lessened and the turning out of work of a better and more uniform character is accelerated.

My improvements relate to the means for supporting and actuating the mortising-tools, to the devices for adjusting them to meet the requirements of different pieces of work as to the situation of the mortises, to the means for determining the length of the mortises, to the appliances whereby the work is held adjusted and presented to the mortising-tool, to auxiliary cutting devices whereby the stile or other piece of work may be slotted at one or both ends during the mortising operation, and to other features hereinafter fully explained.

My invention, having such general objects in View and relating principally to said parts of the machine, consists in the mechanical devices and combinations thereof hereinafter particularly set forth and claimed.

In order to -make my improvements more clearly understood, I have shown in the accompanying drawings means for carrying the same into practical eect without, however, intending to limit myself to the particular construction which, for the sake of illustration, I have delineated. Y

In said drawings,Figure l is a side view of a gang mortising-machine embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the saine. Fig. 3 is a plan view of a portion of the same. Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional View on line 4 4 of Fig. l. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are detail views illustrating the finishing-chisels and the means for securing and adjusting them.

Referring to the drawings,l 1 indicate side frames of suitable construction and material to support the Working parts of the machine. They are connected at suitable points by crossrails 2. At or near the top of the machine the longitudinal rails of the frame are provided with guiding edges or ways 3,upon which are mounted in such manner as to be adapted for longitudinal reciprocation frames 4. The latter are provided with bearings 5,in which are mounted one or more transverse shafts 6, the ends of which have suitable tool-holders 7, Fig. 5, adapted to receive mortising-tools. The latter may be twist-bits of the form shown at 8. The number of frames 4 and shafts 6 in each frame may be varied in accordance with the number and situation of the mortises to be produced.

Each of the shafts 6 is provided with a pul ley 9, over which passes a driving-belt. Iprefer to employ a single belt l0 for all of the pulleys, arranging it as best seen in Fig. 2, where the belt is shown as passing around two main pulleys ll and l2, one of which is the driving-pulley for the machine, thence under idler-pulleys 13, mounted on the frames 4, and from said idler-pulleys over the shaftpulleys 9. The shafts 6 may thus be rotated in the same direction, and the arrangement of the belt l0 is such that the frames 4 may be longitudinally reciprocated without taking up or slackening said belt.

le indicates shafts passing transversely through the frames 4 and mounted in bearings l5, which are adjustably secured upon the longitudinal slotted frame-rails 16 by clam p-screws 17 and nuts 18. The shafts 14 are provided each with one or more eccentrics 19, which engage the opposite sides of the frame 4, and are adapted when the shafts are rotated to reciprocate said frames upon the guides 3. It will thus be understood that if the rail to be mortised be presented to the ends of the tools 8 and moved gradually toward the latter while they are rotated and reciprocated by the means above described a mortise Will be produced in the rail by each tool of a width equal to the diameter of the tool, each IOO mortise also being of a length equal to the length of reciprocation of the tool and its carriage 4.

l have further provided for an adjustment' of each eccentric 1S) independently of the others, whereby each tool may produce a mortise of the length desired and all of the mortises in the rail made of different lengths when necessary. I prefer to effect such adjustment by means of internal eccentrics 20, rigidly secured to the shafts 14 and fitting within the eccentrics 1f). :ly turning the eccentrics 19 upon eccentrics 20 and then securing them in place any desired length of reciprocation for the frames 4 and mortising-tools may be secured-say from naught to three and one-half inches.

The shafts 14 receive their motion from miter-gears 2l upon their outer ends, Figs. 1 and 4, which are engaged by similar gears 22, the latter being fixed upon a longitudinal shaft 23 in suoli manner (as by a groove 24. in the shaft and a pin or other internal projection on the gear) that they will rotate with the shaft, but may be adj usted longitudinally upon it to any desired position. This latter adjustment is effected, to correspond with the adjustment of shafts 14, by the clamps 17 18, already described. By this means the frames 4, with their mortising-tools, may be located at any desired positions in the length of the machine, so as to be capable of producing mortises at any required points in the rails or stiles which are being operated upon. The shaft 23 is driven by any suitable mechanism, such as mitm-gears 25 and 2G, the latter being carried by a transverse or stud shaft 27. The latter also carries a pulley 28, to which eX- tends a belt 29 from and driven by a pulley 30 on the power-shaft 3l.

The stile or other piece to be mortised is to be clamped upon and moved by a suitable carriage adapted to present it. to the ends of the mortisingtools.

I may here remark that while l prefer to provide both ends of the shafts 6 with mortisingtools, (those upon one side having a left-hand twist,) so that two stiles may be operated upon at once, and have illustrated such construction, a simpler machine embodying my improvements in part can be made which will be adapted to operate upon but one stile at a time. The work carriages or tables are indicated at 32 and are mounted so as to be capable of reciprocation in lines transverse to the machine upon verticallyad justablc tables The latter receives such vertical adj nstment by which the mortise can be formed at the proper point between the top and bottom surfaces of the stile as it lies upon the carriage 32, from a screw 34, Fig. 4, and when adjusted is clamped tirmlyin place upon the main frame by bolts 35.

36 indicates a slight flange, against which the inner edge of the stile is held when in proper position to be operated upon, said flange being formed with or attached to the plate of the table 82.

37 indicates angle-pieces mounted upon said table or carriage and having at their inner ends flanges 38, adapted to be placed snugly against the outer sides of the stiles, whereupon said parts 37 may be secured by bolts 39, passing through slots in the parts and engaging the bottom plate of the carriage.

40 is a rock-shaft extending along the carriage from end to end, or nearly so, and mounted in bearings 41 upon the angle-piece 37. rlhis shaft carries spring-clamps 42, having feet 43, adapted to bear upon the top surface of the stile and to force the latter down firmly upon the plate of the carriage, thus not only holding the stile in place, but straightening it and insuring the proper and exact location of the mortises. A handle 44 serves to rock the shaft 40 inward, which movement brings the clamps 42 into operation. A ratchet and pawl 45 46 maintains the adjusted position of the shat't and the clamping-force of the parts 42.

The carriages 32, having the stiles secured upon them in the manner above described, may be caused to approach the mortising-tool by any preferred mechanism. l employ devices whereby the operator can simultaneously actuate both of the carriages.

47 is a longitudinal roek-shaft supported in bearings on the f1amerails 2 and extending from end to end of the machine. This shaft is provided with arms 48, which are connected by links 49 with the lower ends of levers 50, which are fulcrnmed at or near their middle upon brackets 5l, extending from the main frame. One of the levers 50 is situated at each end of each carriage 32 and is loosely pivoted or connected to or with a depending lug 52, which extends downward through a suitable aperture in the table 83, the upper end of the lug being attached to or formed with the carriage 32. The links 49 ofthe levers upon one side of the machine are connected with the lower ends of the arms 48, while upon the other side of the machine said links are connected with the upper ends of the arms. The turning of the shaft 47 will therefore cause the carriages to approach or recede from the mortising-tools simultaneously. rlhe turningof the shaft for this purpose is effected by the hand-lever 53.

54 indicates chisel-shaped cutters attached to the end frames 4 in such position as to cut channels or slots of any desired depth in the edges adjacent to the ends of the stiles. These cutters are adjustably secured upon the frames 4 by bolts 55.

In operation the chisels 54 reciprocate with the mortising-arbors 8, coming up to and moving away from the tools 56 without running against or passing the latter.

ln order to square the ends of the mortises, l provide chisels 56, which are held at each IOO IIO

side of the cutting-tool, Figs. 5, 6, and 7, between clamping-blocks 57 5S, the former being mounted upon a longitudinal rail 59, which may be integral with the guide 8 and which is provided with a longitudinal undercut groove GO. T-headed bolts 6l are adapted to fit said groove and extend upward through the blocks 57 and 58 and are provided on their upper ends with clamping-nuts 62, by which the chisels are secured.

63 is an auxiliary spacing-bolt, which engages by its screw-thread the block 58, bears upon the block 57, and is adapted to co-operate with the bolt 61 in clamping the chisel.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In a mortising-machine, the combination of a series or gang of mortising-tools, independent reciprocating carriages for the same, transverse shafts movable with and having adjustable means for reciproca-ting the carriages, a power mechanism and adjustable connections between the same and said shafts for actuating the latter, and means for rotating said tools, substantially as set forth.

2. In a mortising-machiue, the combination of guides 3, a series of frames adjustable on and adapted to be reciprocated on said guides, a shaft and mortising-tool mounted on each frame, means for rotating said shafts, a common power mechanism for reciprocating the said frames, and power devices for reciprocating the frames movable with said frames and having adjustable connections with said common power mechanism, substantially as t set forth.

3. In a mortising-machine, the combination, with suitable guides, of a series of frames adjustable on and adapted to be reciprocated on said guides, a shaft and mortising-tool mounted on each frame, means for rotating said shafts, transverse adj ustable shafts connected and movable with said frames and having devices for reciprocating the latter, and means for actuating the latter shafts, substantially as set forth.

4. In a mortising-machine, the combination, with a main frame having suitable guides, of a series of Aframes adjustable on and adapted to be reciprocated on said guides, a shaft and mortising-tool mounted on each frame, means for rotating said shafts, transverse shafts 14, connected with and adapted to reciprocate the said frames, bearings l5 for the latter shafts adjustable on the main frame, and a power mechanism having adjustable connections with the latter shafts, substantially as set forth.

5. In a mortising-machine, the combination of a series or gang of mortising-tools, independent reciprocating carriages for the same,

of reciprocat-ion of the carriages independently from each other, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of a series of frames or carriages adapted to support the mortisingtools, shafts connected with and adapted by suitable means to reciprocate said carriages and having gear-wheels, adjustable bearings for said shafts, whereby said tools may be located at any desired point in the length of the work, a longitudinal shaft having gear-wheels adjustable thereon and adapted to engage said first-mentioned wheels, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination of a series of carriages 4, adapted to support the mortising tools, transverse shafts 14, having means for reciprocating said carriagesand provided with miter-wheels 21, adjustable bearings for said shafts, the longitudinal shaft 23, adjustable miter-wheels 22 on the latter shaft, and means forrotating the longitudinal shaftand the mortising-tools, substantially as set forth.

S. The combination of a series of reciprocating frames or carriages, transverse shafts mounted thereon and adapted to carry a mortising-tool, a single belt connected with said shafts for rotating them, transverse shafts having eccentrics adapted to reciprocate said frames or carriages, and means for actuating the latter shafts and said belt, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination, with the frames or carriages 4, having tool holding and actuating devices, of the shafts 14, having the internal eccentrics 20 and external eccentrics 19, adjustable upon the eccentrics 20 and adapted to reciprocate said carriages, substantially as set forth.

10. The combination, with the mortisingangers and reciprocating holders therefor and the rail 59, of the stationary chisels 56 and clamps for holding the same longitudinally adjustable upon said rail, substantially as set forth.

1l. The combination,with the reciprocating frames or carriages 4 and the shafts 6, adapted to carry a mortising-tool, of the Slotting-chisels 54, mounted on said carriages and extending in the direction of movement of the latter, substantially as set forth.

12. The combination, with the duplicate oppositely-directed reciprocating mortising devices, of the work carriages 32 32, situated upon opposite sides of said devices, and an actuating mechanism connected with both of said carriages and adapted to move them toward and from the mortisiug-tools, substantially as set forth.

13. The combination, with the mortising devices, of the carriage 32, the levers 50, the links 49, the rock-shaft 47, connected with said links, and means for operating said shaft, substantially as set forth.

14. The combination, with the carriage 32 and the mortising devices, of the vertically- IIO adjustable table 33, the levers 50, having a, pztwl 4G, engaging said ratchet, and means for 1o slotted conneotonwiththeoarriage,and means turning said shaft, substantially as set forth.

for oscillating said levers and reciprocating In testimony whereof I aix mysgnature in said carriage thereon toward and from the the presence of two Witnesses. inortising devices, substantinllyas described. 7H-BUR F I ARTSH 15. The combination, with the mortising devices, of the Work-holding clamps comprising Vitnesses: the rock-shaft 40, spring-clamps 12, mounted BYRON E. VAN KEUREN, there0n,the ratchet-Wheel 45 on the shaft, the FRANK A. LARISH.

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