Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
  • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
  • C08J5/06—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
  • C08J5/08—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials glass fibres
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
  • C03C25/10—Coating
  • C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
  • C03C25/40—Organo-silicon compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
  • C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
  • C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
  • C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
  • C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
  • C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
  • C08K5/549—Silicon-containing compounds containing silicon in a ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes

Definitions

• the instant invention relates to a novel class of N-silyl substituted 1-silyl-2-azacyclopentanes.
• a novel class of N-silyl substituted 1-sila-2-azacyclopentanes is represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein Y and Z individually are selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, alkyl groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and dialkylamino groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and X individually is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, alkoxy groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and dialkylamino groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
• novel N-silyl substituted 1-sila-2-azacyclopentanes represented by the formula (I) above are produced through a catalyzed or uncatalyzed condensation reaction between an aminoalkyl silane and a substituted silane, such as an alkoxy silane, both of which are commercially available, followed by a thermally induced cyclization reaction.
• the starting materials used in Reaction (A) above are known materials produced by known processes.
• Reaction (A) above is preferably conducted in the presence of a catalyst.
• a catalyst useful in the reaction are platinum, rhodium, palladium, and iridium.
• a platinum catalyst is employed in Reaction (A).
• the term platinum catalyst is used to define and encompass the metal platinum (supported or unsupported), platinum compounds and platinum complexes.
• Such catalysts are well known in the art as seen for example by U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,823,218, 2,851,473 and 3,410,886.
• Illustrative of the above catalysts are platinum, platinum-on-alumina; platinum-on-charcoal; chloroplatinic acid, platinum black; platinum olefin; platinum cycloalkane; bis(benzonitrile)-dichloroplatinum (II); and bis)phenyl butyronitrile)-dichloroplatinum (II).
• Chloroplatinic acid is the preferred catalyst.
• the amount of catalyst may vary over a wide range. Generally the catalyst is employed such that about 5 to about 1000 parts by weight of metal per million parts by weight of total reactants is employed, while the preferred range is from about 20 to about 500 parts by weight of metal per million parts by weight of total reactants.
• Reaction temperatures for Reaction (A) may vary from about 50° C.to about 125° C. Preferably, reaction temperatures should range from about 80° C. to about 110° C. Most preferably, reaction temperatures should range from about 90° C. to about 100° C.
• Reaction (A) is preferably carried out with agitation and at or near atmospheric pressure.
• the reaction is further typically conducted in the presence of an inert solvent, such as toluene.
• the solvent should be present in amounts ranging from about 10 to about 90 wt. %.
• the solvent is present in amounts ranging from about 20 to 80 wt. %, while, most preferably, it is present in amounts of between 30 and 70 wt. %.
• Reaction times depend upon other variables, such as reaction temperature and catalyst concentration. Typically, reaction times vary between about 30 minutes and 300 minutes.
• Reaction (B) does not require the use of a catalyst.
• Reaction temperatures for Reaction (B) may vary from about 85° C. to about 145° C.
• reaction temperatures range from about 100° C.to about 130° C.
• reaction temperatures range from about 115° C. to about 125° C.
• Reaction (B) is preferably carried out with agitation and at or near atmospheric pressure.
• the reaction is further typically conducted in the presence of an inert solvent such as toluene.
• the solvent should be present in amounts ranging from about 10 to about 90 wt. %.
• the solvent is present in amounts ranging from about 20 to 80 wt. %, while, most preferably, it is present in amounts of between 30 and 70 wt. %.
• Reaction times depend upon other variables, such as reaction temperature and catalyst concentration. Typically, reaction times vary between about 90 minutes and 180 minutes.
• the claimed compounds may then be recovered from the product mixture through conventional techniques, such as distillation.
• the compounds of the present invention are useful in the RRIM process.
• Articles manufactured through the RRIM process in which compounds of the present invention are incorporated demonstrate increased strength. While not wishing to be bound by the following hypothesis, it is believed that the increase in strength is attributable to an increase in bonding sites available on the glass fibers after treatment with the claimed compounds. Therefore, subsequent application of conventional coupling agents results in an increased amount of coupling agent bound to the glass fibers.
• RRIM technology is well known as shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,581,470; 4,585,850; 4,582,887; 4,549,007; 4,610,835; 4,601,936; and 4,607,090. Generally, it involves the reaction between a filler material, a polyol, an organic polyisocyanate, a coupling agent and a catalyst within a mold under pressure at a temperature selected to provide the desired reactivity, followed by removing (or de-molding) the molded product.
• Filler materials useful in the manufacture of RRIM articles include glass fibers, flaked glass, wollastonite, mica or other mineral fillers.
• the polyols useful in the practice of RRIM technology are well known. This includes:
• polyols from natural oils such as castor oil, and the like.
• Illustrative alkylene oxide adducts of polyhydroxyalkanes include, among others, the alkylene oxide adducts of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-dihydroxypropane, 1,3-dihydroxybutane, 1,4-dihydroxybutane, 1,4-, 1,5- and 1,6 dihydroxyhexane, 1,2-, 1,3 1,4-, 1,6-, and 1,8-dihydroxyoctane, 1,10-dihydroxydecane, glycerol, 1,2,4-trihydroxybutane, 1,2,6-trihydroxyhexane, 1,1,1-trimethylolethane, 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, caprolactone, polycaprolactone, xylitol, arabitol, sorbitol, mannitol, and the like.
• a further class of polyols which can be employed are the alkylene oxide adducts of the nonreducing sugars, wherein the alkylene oxides have from 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
• the nonreducing sugars and sugar derivatives contemplated are sucrose, alkyl glycosides such as methyl glucoside, ethyl glucoside, and the like, glycol glycosides such as ethylene glycol glucoside, propylene glycol glycoside, glycerol glucoside, 1,2,6-hexanetriol glucoside, and the like, as well as the alkylene oxide adducts of the alkyl glycosides as set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 3,073,788.
• a still further useful class of polyols is the polyphenols, and preferably the alkylene oxide adducts thereof wherein the alkylene oxides have from 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
• the polyphenols which are contemplated are, for example, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, condensation productions of phenol and formaldehyde, and novolac resins; condensation products of various phenolic compounds and acrolein; the simplest member of this class being 1,2,3-tris(hydroxyphenyl) propane, condensation products of various phenolic compounds and glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, and other dialdehydes, the simplest member of this class being the 1,1,2,2-tetrakis (hydroxyphenol) ethane, and the like.
• alkylene oxide adducts of phosphorus and polyphosphorus acids are another useful class of polyols.
• Ethylene oxide, 1,2-epoxypropane, the epoxybutanes, 3-chloro-1,2-epoxypropane, and the like are preferred alkylene oxides.
• Phosphoric acid, phosphorus acid, the polyphosphoric acids such as tripolyphosphoric acid, the polymetaphosphoric acids, and the like are desirable for use in this connection.
• any material having an active hydrogen as determined by the Zerewitinoff test may be utilized as the base polyol.
• amine terminated polyether polyols are known and may be utilized, if desired.
• the polyols useful in RRIM applications also include the poly(oxypropylene) glycols, triols, and higher functionality polyols, and the like that are capped with ethylene or propylene oxide as dictated by the reactivity requirements of the particular polyurethane application. Generally, the nominal functionality of such polyols will be in the range of about 3 to 4 or so. These polyols also include poly(oxypropylene-oxyethylene) polyols; however, desirably, the oxyethylene content should comprise less than 80 percent of the total and preferably less than 60 percent.
• the ethylene oxide when used, can be incorporated in any fashion along the polymer chain. Stated another way, the ethylene oxide can be incorporated either in internal blocks, as terminal blocks, or may be randomly distributed along the polyol chain.
• Polymer polyols may also be employed in RRIM applications. These materials are well known in the art. The basic technology is disclosed in Stamberger U.S. Pat. No. Re. 28,715 and U.S. Pat. No. Re. 29,118. Generally, in order to produce a conventional polymer/polyol, an ethylenically unsaturated monomer is polymerized in situ in an appropriate polyol. The polymerization produces a stable dispersed polymer in the polyol.
• the polymer dispersion known as a polymer-polyol
• a reactant in a number of reactions (e.g., polyurethane-forming reactions) to introduce into the resultant product, as an integral part thereof, both the polyol and the dispersed polymer.
• conventional polymer-polyols may be produced by the following steps which are known in the art:
• Polymer-polyols may be produced by polymerizing the ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the selected polyol at a temperature of from about 40° C. to 150° C. in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a conventional free radical catalyst known to be suitable for the polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
• the monomers may be fed into the polyol over about three hours while maintaining the polyol at about 80° -130° C., and the reactants are then maintained about 110° -130° C. for an additional hour.
• monomer and polyol are introduced at rates which give an average residence time of about 10 to about 80 minutes, while reaction temperature is maintained in the range of about 110° C. to about 130° C.
• the monomers which may be used are the polymerizable monomers characterized in that they have at least one polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated group of the type, (C ⁇ C).
• the monomers can be used singly or in combination to produce homopolymer/polyol or copolymer/polyol reactive compositions.
• monomers are well known in the art and include the hydrocarbon monomers such as butadiene, isoprene, 1,4-pentadiene, 1,6-hexadiene, 1,7-octadiene, styrene, alpha-methylstyrene, para-methylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, ethylstyrene, isopropylstyrene, butylstyrene, phenylstyrene, cyclohexylstyrene, benzylstyrene and the like, substituted styrenes such as chlorostyrene, 2,5-dichlorostyrene, bromostyrene, fluorostyrene, trifluoromethylstyrene, iodostyrene, cyanostyrene, nitrostyrene, N,N-dimethylaminostyrene, acetoxy
• any of the known polymerizable monomers can be used and the compounds listed above are illustrative and not restrictive of the monomers suitable for use in this invention.
• styrene, acrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride are the monomers used.
• the isocyanate reactants useful in the practice of RRIM include aromatic compounds such as diphenylmethane diisocyanate; phenylene diisocyanate; 2,4-toluene diisocyanate and its isomers; 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate; methylene bis(4-phenylisocyanate); 4,4-biphenylenediisocyanate; 1,3,5-benzene triisocyanate; polymethylene polyphenylisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate and aliphatic polyfunctional isocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate; 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate and methylene bis(4-cyclohexaneisocyanate).
• aromatic compounds such as diphenylmethane diisocyanate; phenylene diisocyanate; 2,4-toluene diisocyanate and its isomers; 1,5-naphthalene diis
• the coupling agents useful in the practice of RRIM technology are also well known. Among those which are most widely employed are the epoxy silanes, chlorosilanes, aminosilanes and isocyanate silanes. Typical examples of these materials include the following: ##STR4##
• Catalysts such as tertiary amines or organic tin compounds or other polyurethane catalysts are used.
• the organic tin compound may suitably be a stannous or stannic compound such as a stannous salt of a carboxylic acid, a trialkyltin oxide, a dialkyltin dihalide, a dialkyltin oxide, etc., wherein the organic groups of the organic portion of the tin compound are hydrocarbon groups containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
• dibutyltin dilaurate dibutyltin diacetate, diethyltin diacetate, dihexyltin diacetate, di-2-ethylhexyltin oxide, dioctyltin dioxide, stannous octoate, stannous oleate, etc., or a mixture thereof, may be used.
• Tertiary amine catalysts include trialkylamines (e.g., trimethylamine, triethylamine), heterocyclic amines, such as N-alkylmorpholines (e.g., N-methylmorpholine, N-ethylmorpholine, dimethyldiaminodiethylether, etc.) 1,4-dimethylpiperazine, triethylenediamine, etc. and aliphatic polyamines such as N,N,N'N'-tetramethyl-1,3-butanediamine.
• trialkylamines e.g., trimethylamine, triethylamine
• heterocyclic amines such as N-alkylmorpholines (e.g., N-methylmorpholine, N-ethylmorpholine, dimethyldiaminodiethylether, etc.) 1,4-dimethylpiperazine, triethylenediamine, etc.
• aliphatic polyamines such as N,N,N'N'
• foam stabilizers also known as silicone oils or emulsifiers.
• the foam stabilizers may be an organic silane or siloxane.
• compounds may be used having the formula:
• R is an alkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; n is an integer of from 4 to 8; m is an integer of from 20 to 40; and the oxyalkylene groups are derived from propylene oxide and ethylene oxide, as shown in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,194,773.
• Average aspect ratio is defined as the length to diameter ratio of the average fiber.
• This glass fiber aspect ratio distribution was prepared by placing about 60 grams of the milled glass fibers in a 105 micron sieve and shaking it onto a 75-micron sieve with the aid of a ROTAP® shaking unit for one minute. The fibers which passed through the 75-micron sieve were collected. This process was repeated several times. After about 60 grams of the fibers were collected, they were placed in the 105-micron sieve and re-shaken for one minute.
• Fibers that remained on the 105-micron sieve had a Gaussian-like distribution slightly skewed to the high fiber aspect ratio side.
• the distribution had an average aspect ratio of 13 and an estimated deviation of ⁇ 20%.
• the fiber aspect ratio distribution was quantitatively determined using polarized light.
• a two step treatment procedure was then employed to treat the fibers for their subsequent use in a RRIM composition.
• This technique involved application of a non-aqueous slurry of the claimed compound produced in Example I above, followed by a step wherein the silazane component of the claimed compound was hydrolyzed to a silanol through the addition of an aqueous solution of aminopropylsiloxane.
• Aminopropylsiloxanes are coupling agents routinely employed in the preparation of RRIM compositions.
• the slurry was filtered using a stainless steel pressure filter.
• the fiber cake at the bottom of the pressure filter, was pressure-rinsed twice with DME to remove any residual Compound Q.
• the rinsed fiber cake (still inside the steel container) was nitrogen dried at about 20 psi for about 30 minutes. At this point, the semi-dry fiber cake was handled outside of the glove box and was then put into a beaker containing 2.4 grams of NH 2 (CH 2 ) 3 Si(OC 2 H 5 ) 3 dissolved in 800 grams of distilled water.
• a RRIM composite was then also prepared with as described above with the exception that the glass fibers employed were not treated with a claimed composition before application of NH 2 (CH 2 ) 3 Si(OC 2 H 5 ) 3 .
• the mechanical performance of glass RRIM composites prepared with the use of compounds of the instant invention showed superior bonding performance.
• the fracture surface morphology shows embedded, well bonded, broken fibers. Further, the polymer is observed to be tenaciously adhered to the fibers.
• the fracture energies of the treated fiber RRIM composites were about 24 ⁇ 1 inch pounds/inch 2 while the fracture energies of the untreated fiber RRIM composites were about 19 ⁇ 1 inch pounds/inch 2 .

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Citations (19)

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• 1987
  • 1987-03-31 US US07/032,768 patent/US4804771A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1988
  • 1988-03-31 CA CA000563136A patent/CA1321397C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1988-03-31 ES ES88105292T patent/ES2043707T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1988-03-31 AT AT88105292T patent/ATE81131T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1988-03-31 EP EP88105292A patent/EP0285167B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1988-03-31 JP JP63080200A patent/JPS63258482A/ja active Pending
  • 1988-03-31 DE DE8888105292T patent/DE3874929T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1992
  • 1992-12-30 GR GR920401644T patent/GR3006694T3/el unknown

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