US478782A - Charles erwin - Google Patents

Description

(No'Model.)

C. E.. GANDEB.

LOCK.

Patented July 12, 1892.

aww/mbo@ m 6W m m M m ma o -L m W N n UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES ERWIN OANDEE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 478,782, dated J' uly 12, 1892.

Application iiled February 4, 1891. Serial No. 380,142.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES ERWIN CAN- DEE, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Door-Locks, (for foreign Letters Patent whatever,) of which the following is a specification.r

My invention relates to a reversible doorlock, in which the catch-bolt is also a lockbolt, and in Which anti-friction lieve the bolt in its operative movements in catching and in uncatching and also in locking.

The objects of my improvement are, rst, to provide an anti-frictional bolt that is either a catch-bolt or a spring lock-bolt atV will, the bolt to be operated only by the door-knob, spindle, and spindle-arm, whether acting as a catch-bolt or as a lock-bolt; second, to provide for such a catch and lock bolt a locking device to be operated by a key from one side of the lock or by a lifting-cam from the other side at will; third, to provide means for permanently lockingsuch a lock-bolt, and, fourth, to provide a bolt for a lock which is both a catch and a spring lock-bolt, provided with an anti-friction roller on its front end for contact with the jamb-escutcheon in closing and in opening the door, and so related to the bolt that when in place in the es'cutcheon-socket a solid part of the bolt at one or both sides of the roller will engage the escutcheon. tain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying' drawings, in which- Figure l represents a front end View of the lock; Fig. 2, a side view with the cap or cover removed; and Fig. 3 a sectional view on lines 3 3, Fig. 2, of the lock; Fig. 4, a detail view, in part sectional, of a part of the locking device with the lifting-cam. Fig. 5 is a detail view of a part of the cap or cover of the lock, which is removed, as the same is shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a part sectional View of the lock in position both in the doorand in relation to the door-jamb, and also the door-knob,

key, and inside finger-piece, cut, as to the lock, on the lines 6 6, Fig. 2; and Fig. 7 is a showing the relaroller to the front lines 7 7, Fig. 2.

horizontal sectional view tions of the anti-friction end of the bolt, cut on the which I have obtained nov The bolt B is provided at its recessed front end with the roller R and is at all times pushed into its foremost position by the spring S, except when the spring is overcome either by the spindle-arm A, by the jamb-escutcheon in opening or in closing the door, or by some other application of force upon the roller R; or the front end of the bolt itself has on one side a notch H for the engagement of the spindle-arm A, on the other side a shoulder O for the engagement of the locking-lever L, and is held in position in the lock-frame F in the manner shown or by guidesain any usual way. The locking'lever L is pivoted at one end P and is provided with a spring S', so located as to force the locking-lever toward or upon the bolt B continuously, with a shoulder or stop N to engage the shoulder O, with a key seat or bearing C,With a lifting, locking, and freeing cam seat D, and with a double-acting detaining-spring S2.

The lifting, locking, and freeing cam E is provided with an extension or steln, which passes through the frame F and has secured thereon a thumb or ating the same.

G is a stop for the spindle-arm A. The function of the spindle-arm A is to retreat the -bolt B, and also to furnish a stop to limit the forward motion of the' bolt B, being itself held bythe stop G. It can retreat the bolt B only when the bolt is not locked, and when either in closing or opening it is retreated far enough for the escutcheon to bear on the roller R outside of its horizontal diameter a pull or push on the knob 0r door will alone retreat the bolt Without any action of the spindle-arm. ln retreating the bolt B the spring S is counteracted; but when not overcome in some way the bolt B is thrust forward under the control of the spring S and into its extreme or locking position.

The lifting, locking, and freeing cam E has, practically, three functions to perform: first, to lift the locking-lever out of function and action by overcoming the action of thespring S', as shown, with the cam in full lines, in Fig. 2; second, to lock the locking-lever and the bolt B in the locking position, in which case the cam E is held in place by the spring S2, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 and in solid lines in Fig. 4, and, third, to free the lockingfinger pieceT for oper- IOO lever L, so as to leave the same in the control of the key K, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4, in which position it is held by the curved portion of the spring S2, upon which it rests, as to one side, or by the upper side of its seat as to the other side, which resists the upward movement of the cam by its own gravity, aided by the gravity of the cam itself, and also by the pressure exerted upon the cam by the spring S.

The key seat or bearing C has on its under side the lip M, which engages with the opposite side of the key to that which lifts the locking-lever L, and thus aids in controlling the movement of the key, when in position, back and forth with the locking-lever, so that 1t is always in position to act upon the same. lVhen the cam E is in the third position, which is, strictly speaking, an intermediate position between its other two positions, the locking-lever must engage and lock the bolt Bl when it is advanced and can only unlock the same either through the lifting action of the cam E or of the key K, and, whichever device does lift the locking-lever L, the bolt B is left entirely in the control of the spindle-arm A and knob J.

W is the jamb-escutcheon on which the roller R strikes and rolls in opening and closing the door, except when the knob is turned so as to retreat it fully.

The relations of the roller R, the forward end I of the bolt B, and the jamb-escutcheon WV remain to be described. As shown in end view, Fig. l, in side view, Fig. 2, in top view, Fig. 6, and in horizontal sectional view, Fig. 7, the roller R is secured in the recessed front end of the bolt B by the pin Y, wh ich, passing through the center of the roller, is held at each end by the ears Q Q, formed by recessing the front end of the bolt B in the form shown in Figs. l, 2, 6, and 7, the final relation of the bolt and the roller being such that the diameter of the roller is practically the same as the corresponding diameter of the bolt. The two sides of the bolt B, however, cover a part of the adjacent sides of the roller R, but do not extend beyond nor, preferably, quite to a line drawn through the center of the pin Y yat right angles to the bolt, while the ears Q extend beyond it. The result of this construction is that, while the roller only and not the bolt itself can strike the bevel of the jambescutcheon when the door is being closed and the bolt is thrust into the recess of the jambescutcheon bythe spring S, a solid part of the bolt on either side of the roller is opposed to and heldby thecorrespondingside of thejambescutcheon, as shown in Fig. G, and thereby the roller R is relieved of the strain of holding the door both when the bolt is used as a cato bolt and also when it is used as a lock-bolt. If only the roller R were thus opposed to the escutcheon, comparatively slight pressure upon the door on one side would retreat the bolt and open the door; but because of the construction shown the bolt must be retreated far enough to bring the roller in contact with vthe escutcheon before any such effect will be produced. In effect, then, when the door is closed it is held by a solid and continuous part of the bolt, while in closing the lock has the advantage of roller and anti-frictional action upon the jamb-escutcheon instead ot sliding and frictional action, as in the ordinary bolt,. and also in part in opening. It is evident that a lock with such a bolt can be used on a door swin gin g in either direction at will when the jamb and jamb-escutcheon are completed, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 6, and yet when in position the door will be held in place by the bearing of the solid bolt against the sides or side of the recess in the escutcheon. The outline or prole of the outer end of the bolt B, or rather of the edges of the ears Q, may be varied from that shown in the drawings without avoiding rnyinvention; but these ears mustextend farenough to hold and give support to the pinY and roller R, yet not far enough to interfere with the action of the roller in and upon the jamb-escutcheon. Since the sides of the bolt do not extend beyond or, preferably, to or opposite the center of the pin Y, resistance made by the sides of the escutcheon-recess upon the roller within the line of the roller center toward the bolt or opposite the center will not cause the bolt to retreat, and in order to retreat theboltby pressing the roller against the escutcheon the pressure must be brought to bear at a point on a line beyond the center of the pin Y. vWhen pressure is so exerted, the bolt will be retreated as the roller rotates upon the escutcheon. 1

I do not desire to limit my invention to the case where the sides of the bolt extend exactly to the point and cover the sides of the roller R to the exact extent shown, since the relations of the parts may be varied slightly without avoiding the principle of the invention and the working of the lock in substantially the same manner.

To describe this part of my invention'niore concisely, the two rearward quadrants of the roller-those presented toward the bolt-are more or less covered and protected by the extension Z of the bolt B and may be entirely so covered and protected, while the two opposite quadrants of the roller-those presented toward the escutcheon at any time-are more or less uncovered and may be entirely uncovered. The concave recessing of the bolt in the manner described gives the roller support and capacity for resistance in any violent shock that may be given to it in slamming the door, since it is so located as to barely clear the bolt in that part of the recess which conforms to the roller, substantially as shown in Fig. 7. The full lines in Fig. 6 show a door opening only in one direction. The dotted lines onv the under side of the figure show the bevel of an escutcheon and the other relations where the door 1s made to swing in either direction, the bevel for the contact of IIO the roller R being shown on the opposite side in solid lines.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the bolt Bis always pressed toward or into its most forward position by the spring, as is the common bevel-pointed catch-bolt and ordinary spring lock-bolt, and that, as in both these cases, the bolt is only retreated by or through devices operated by the hand belonging to the lock proper, as by a spindlearm or slide-biitton. As thus operated it is evident that, as in the other two cases mentioned, when a moderate amount of pressure is brought to bear upon the forward end of the bolt (as, for instance, by the introduction of a wedge or bythe direct pressure of the hand back toward or upon the spring) the bolt maybe retreated to its rearward position, and when retreated in either of these ways in alocked door the door may be opened at once, the locking-lever L being, however, so related to the bolt B that when free it will autoinatically engage and positively lock the bolt B. Being so engaged it cannot be retreated in any of the ways above described, and is therefore positively locked unless or until the locking-lever is disengaged from it. To prevent such disengagement or to make the engagement positive, the cam E is so constructed and related to the locking-lever L that when placed in the locking position it will positively lock the locking-lever in its turn, in which case the locking-lever can only be released so as to retreat the bolt B by turning the cam E out of its locking position, thereby releasing the locking-lever L and permitting it to be disengaged from the bolt by the action of the key or by the cam E itself. The cam E is so constructed and related to the lever LA as to perform the function of lifting the lockinglever out of its function as such and of holding the lever L in that position, in which case the bolt B acts like an ordinary catchbolt under the control of the spindle. It is when the cam E is in its free intermediate position, its outer edge resting on the spring S2, that the lever L performs its locking function in relation to the bolt B automatically, and it is when the locking-lever is lifted either by the cam E or by the key K that it is prevented from so operating. It maybe noticed that in each one of its three acting positions or in its two acting and its intermediate free position the cam E is held by the spring S2.

Is is evidentfrom the foregoing description that the relations of the bolt, the lever L, the

cam E, key K, spring S, and spindle-arm A would be the same if the bolt were provided with the ordinary beveled end. instead of the anti-friction roller R. Such being the case, I do not desire to limit my invention absolutely to a bolt that is provided with the roller R as an element of the combination.

The cam E and spring S2 co-operate more or'less actively in each ofthe three positions and functions of the cam E, and the cam when in the iirst and in the third positions is carried just past the center in order to insure its remaining in position. p

I claim as my inventionl. A spring catch-bolt, in combination with an automatic locking-lever engaging therewith in the manner shown and described and with an independently positive lifting, independently positivelocking,andfreeing cam E.

2. In locks, a positive-locking Aspring-bolt provided on its outer end with a concave recess, in combination with a roller secured in the front end of the bolt and seated in the concave recess, substantially as shown and described, the most forward part of the bolt which forms the recess adjacent to the curved sides of the roller making contact with the jamb-escutcheon, so as to hold the door when in its closed position, and thereby relieve the roller of that function, substantially as set forth. 4

3. In locks, the locking-lever L, pivoted at one end, provided with the springs S S2, the cain-seat D, and the stop or shoulder N, in combination with the lifting, locking, and freeing cam E. p

4. In locks and in combination, the lockinglever L, pivoted at one end, provided With springs S S2, cam-seat D, stop or shoulder N, 9

and the key-seat C, the cam E, the key K, the bolt B, provided with the shoulder O and notch I-I, the spring S, and the spindle-arm A.

5. In locks and in coinbination,the lockinglever L, pivoted at one end, provided with springs S S2, cam-seat D, stop or shoulder N, key-seat C, the cam E, the keyK, and the bolt B, provided with the shoulder O. I

6. In locks and in combination, the lockinglever L, pivoted at one end, provided with springs S S2, cam-seat D, stop or shoulder N, key-seat C, the cam E, and the key K.

7. In locks and in combination, the lockinglever L, pivoted at one end, provided with springs S S2, cam-seat D, stop or shoulder N, the key-seat C, and the cam E.

8. In locks and in combination, theflocking-v lever L, pivoted at one end, provided with springs S S2, cam-seat D, stop or shoulderN, v and key-seat C.

9. In locks and in combination, the bolt B,

IOLl

provided with the notch H and the shoulder O, the spring S, the spindle-arm A, the locking-lever L, pivoted at one end, provided with,V springs S S2, cam-seat D, stop or shoulder N, and key-seat C, the cam E, and the stop G. y

10. In locks, the locking-lever L, lifting, Y

locking, and freeing cam E, cam-seat D, and spring S2, in combination.

Witnesses WM. FORTNAM,

CHARLES. ERwiN cANnEE EDWARD S. BERRALL. i

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