US478510A

US478510A - Electric-arc lamp

Info

Publication number: US478510A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1892-07-05
Anticipated expiration: 1909-07-05

Description

(No Model.)

B. M. HUNTER, ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

N0.'478,510. Patented July 5, 1892.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RUDOLPH M. HUNTER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE THOMSONIIOUSTON ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF CONNECTICUT.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

QPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 478,510, dated July 5, 1892. Application filed November 12, 1891. Serial No. 411.671. (N model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RUDOLPH M. HUNTER, of the city and county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement in Electric-Lighting Apparatus, of

which the following is a specification.

My invention has reference to electric-lighting apparatus; and it consists of certain improvements which are fully set forth in the {0 following specification and shown in the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.

This application (Case No. 211) has particular reference to improvements in arc lamps es- 5 pecially designed forsearch-lights, projectors, stereopticans, and other similar apparatus where the light is to be reflected. It is also applicable to cases where an are light is required at intervals of time and which may be hand-regulated.

One of the important features of my improved lamp and regulator consists in arranging the two carbons at an angle to each other and feeding one of said carbons at an angle to the other, so as to compensate for the com bined consumption of both carbons. This feeding of the carbons may be performed by hand regulation. In connection with this mechanism I may employ an automatic regulater for maintaining the same brilliancy of the arc, notwithstanding the irregularity in the hand-feeding.

Another feature of my invention lies in the adaptation of the lamp above referred to to 3 5 a casing and support, and whereby a reflector may be fed along automatically so as to follow the are during the consumption of the carbons.

By the construction of my improved lamp I am enabled to have the carbons arranged at an angle to each other, so as to maintain an are between their extreme ends, causing the crater formed in the end of one of the carbons to be presented toward the object to be illuminated, whereby it acts as a reflector to project most of the rays directly toward the object, and I maintain this are by employing means to move one of the carbons in the direction of the length of the other carbon with a speed commensurate with the consumption of the carbons. The brilliancy of the arc may be maintained during this manipulation by proper regulation of the relation between the ends of the carbons to control the arc.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation through a search-light orprojector embodying my improvements, and Fig.

2 is a diagram illustrating the electric circuits thereof.

A is the main frame of the lamp and is provided with a horizontal carbon-holder B, in which the negative carbon C is supported in a horizontal position.

D is a screw arranged obliquely to the carbon C and its holder and is journaled in the main frame A. This screw may be rotated by means of a hand-wheel K and worm j, meshing with a worm J upon the shaft of the said screw D.

E is a carriage through which the screw D passes and with respect to which it acts as a nut. This carriage or movable part Eis provided with two vertical guides e, in which the holder F for the vertical carbon Gis adapted to move vertically. The angle that the screw D makes with the carbon C is preferably thirty degrees, so that each of the carbons C and Gwill be wholly consumed about the same time. Of course this angle will change So with any diiference in the relative size of the carbons C and G. It will be observed that by turning the hand-wheel K the carbon G will be moved down and at the same time move horizontally, thereby producing a resultant oblique movement. This movement causes the feeding of the carbon G downward to compensate for its own consumption and horizontally toward carbon C to compensate for the consumption of the said carbon C. As the hand adjustment is somewhat uncertain and requires a manipulation of the wheel K to maintain an arc of the given brilliancy, I provide an automatic regulator to adjust the carbon C, so as to maintain the proper are. 5 This is accomplished by means of a lever h, connecting at one end with the holder F of the carbon C and at the other end with the vertical armature 1 of the solenoids II and I. The solenoid II is in the main circuit 0, as [00 shown in Fig. 2, while'the solenoid I, which is of fine wire, is in the shunt-circuit b about the arc. WVhen the carbons become consumed to such a degree as to make the resistance in the are too great, the armature I rises and lowers the carbon 0, and vice versa. This method of regulation is well known,and consequently need not be further dwelt upon. This regulator in my improvement is carried by the carriage C, so that it and carbon G move together.

It is immaterial to my invention what the character of regulator employed to maintain the brilliancy of the arc may be so long as it causes the proper relation between the two carbons O and G to maintain the arc of a substantially-constant size.

It is immaterial to my invention how the relative movement between the carbons is preformed so long as their ends may be moved farther apart or nearer together automatically and under the control of the current passing between them to form the arc.

L is a reflector, preferably of the parabolic cross-section, and is supported by a frame M on guide-rods m, arranged parallel to the carbon O and secured to the main frame A. The focal point of the reflector L is at the arc of the two carbons. As the carbon C is consumed, the reflector L must be moved backward, and this is automatically accomplished by means of the rod 0, extending down from the carriage E and passing through the vertical guides Z in the frame M, carrying the reflector. The reflector L may be adjusted vertically by means of the hand-screw N, so as to insure the focal point being at the proper elevation.

This lamp structure is arranged within a casing P, having a glass front WV, through which the reflected rays are projected. This casing P is pivoted on horizontal trunnions q to the frame Q, having a turn-tableR, which is pivoted upon a vertical axis 1' to a baseplate S, by which the lamp and its connections are supported. The hand-wheel t, operating in connection with a worm and worm- Wheel gearing T, is employed for adjusting the lamp and its casing upon the horizontal trunnions q to insure a proper vertical projection of the beam of light. The horizontal sweeping of the beam of light is accomplished by a rotation of the lamp about the vertical pivot r. v

The details of construction may be greatly modified without in the least departing from the principles of the invention. Consequently I do notlimit myself to the details here shown.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an arc lamp, the combination of a main frame, a holder for one of the carbons, carried by said main frame and having a relatively fixed position, a carriage or movable part mounted to move at an oblique angle to said relatively fixed carbon, a holder for the other carbon, carried by the carriage or movable part and adapted to hold the last-mentioned carbon at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon, and a feeding device for feeding the carriage atan oblique an gleto the first-mentioned carbon and its holder.

2. In an arc lamp, the combination of a main frame, a holder for one of the carbons, carried by said main frame, a carriage or movable part, a holder for the other carbon, carried by the carriage or movable part and adapted to hold the last-mentioned carbon at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon, feeding devices consisting of a screw. for feeding the carriage at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon and its holder, and hand-operated devices for rotating the said screw.

3. In an arc lamp, the combination of a main frame, aholder for one of the carbons, carried by said main frame, a carriage or movable part movable at an oblique angle to both of the carbons, a holder for the other carbon, carried by the carriage or movable part and adapted to hold the last-mentioned carbon at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon, feeding devices for feeding the carriage at an oblique angle to the first-mentioned carbon and its holder, and an electric regulator for moving the carbon'holder carried by the carriage or movable part for the purpose of moving the carbon thereof to or from the other carbon to regulate the arc. y

4. In an arc lamp, the combination of a main frame, aholder for one of the carbons, carried by said main frame, a carriage or movable part, a holder for the other carbon, carried by the carriage or movable part and adapted to hold the last-mentioned carbon at an angle to ICO the first-mentioned carbon, feeding devices for feeding the carriage at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon and its holder, and an electric regulator for moving the carbonholder carried by the carriage or movable part for the purpose of moving the carbon thereof to or from the other carbon to regulate the arc carried by and moving with the said carriage or movable part.

5. In an arc lamp, the combination of a main frame, a holder for one of the carbons, carried by said main frame, a carriage or movable part, a holder for the other carbon, carried by the carriage or movable part and adapted to hold the last-mentioned carbon at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon, feeding devices consisting of a screw for feeding the carriage at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon and its holder, hand devices for rotating the said screw, and an electric regulator for moving the carbon-holder carried by the carriage or movable part for the purpose of moving the carbon thereof to or from the other carbon to regulate the are carried by and moving with the said carriage or movable part.

6. In an arc lamp, the combination of a main frame, aholder for one of the carbons, carried by said main frame, a carriage or movable part, a holder for the other carbon, carried by the carriage or movable part and adapted to hold the last-mentioned carbon at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon, feeding devices IIO for feeding the carriage at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon and its holder, a reflector, guides for the reflector, whereby it is moved parallel to the first-men tioned carbon, and means to move it so as to maintain the focal point coincident with the arc.

7. In an arc lamp, the combination ofa main frame, a holder for one of the carbons, carried by said main frame, a carriage or movable part, a holder for the other carbon, carried by the carriage or movable part and adapted to hold the last-mentioned carbon at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon, feeding devices for feeding the carriage at an angle to the firstmentioned carbon and its holder, a reflector, guides for the reflector, whereby it is moved parallel to the first-mentioned carbon, and means to move it so as to maintain the focal point coincident with the arc, consisting of a connection between the carriage or movable part and said reflector, whereby the latter is moved at a speed commensurate with that of the carriage or movable part.

8. In an arc lamp, the combination of a main frame, aholder for one of the carbons, carried by said main frame, a carriage or movable part, a holder for the other carbon, carried by the carriage or movable part and adapted to hold the last-mentioned carbon at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon, feeding devices for feeding the carriage at an angle to the first mentioned carbon and its holder, a reflector, guides for the reflector, whereby it is moved parallel to the first-mentioned carbon, means to move it so as to maintain the focal point coincident with the arc, and means to adjust the reflector transversely to the direction of its movement, so as to permit the adjustment of the focal pointwith respect to the are.

9. In an arc lamp, the combination ofa main frame, a holder for one of the carbons, carried by said main frame, a carriage or movable part, a holder for the other carbon, carried by the carriage or movable part and adapted to hold thelast-mentioned carbon at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon, feeding devices consisting of a screw for feeding the carriage at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon and its holder, hand devices for rotating the said screw, and an electric regulator carried by and moving with the said carriage or movable part for moving the carbon-holder carried by the carriage or movable part for the purpose of moving the carbon thereof to or from the other carbon to regulate the arc.

10. In an arc lamp, the combination of a main frame, a holder for one of the carbons,

carried by said main frame, a carriage or mov-' able part, a holder for the other carbon, carried by the carriage or movable part and adapted to hold the last-mentioned carbon at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon, feeding devices consisting of a screw for feeding the carriage at an angle to the first-m entioned carbon and its holder, hand devices for rotating the said screw, a reflector, guides for the reflector, whereby it is moved parallel to the firstmentioned carbon, and means to move it so as to maintain the focal point coincident with the arc, consisting of a connection between the carriage or movable part and said reflector, whereby the latter is moved at a speed commensurate with that of the carriage or movable part.

11. In an arc lamp, the combination of two carbons arranged at an angle to each other,a substantially stationary support for one of the carbons, a movable support for the oth of said carbons movable at an angle to the stationary carbon, guides for guiding said movable support at an angle to the stationary carbon, and feed mechanism to feed the obliquely-movable carbon-support obliquely with respect to the length of the other carbon to compensate for the combined consumption of both carbons.

12. In an arc lamp, the combination of two carbons arranged at an angle to each other, a substantially stationary support for one of the carbons, a movable support for the other of said carbons movable at an angle to the stationary carbon, guides for guiding said movable support at an angle to the stationary carbon,feeding mechanism to feed the movable carbon-support obliquely with respect to the length of the other carbon to compensate for the combined consumption of both I carbons, and an automatic regulating device independent of the feeding device for regulating the size of the are maintained between the two carbons.

13. In an arc lamp, the combination of two carbons arranged at an angle to each other, feeding mechanism to feed one of the carbons obliquely with respect to the length of the other to compensate for the combined consumption of both carbons, and a reflector guided along one carbon with a speed commensurate with the horizontal travel of the other carbon, whereby the focal point of the reflector is maintained at the arc during the consumption of the carbon.

14:. In an arc lamp, the combination of a main frame, a holder for one of the carbons, carried by said main frame, a carriage or movable part, a holder for the other carbon, carried by the carriage or movable part and adapted to hold the last-mentioned carbon at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon, feeding devices for feeding the carriage at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon and its holder, a reflector, guides for the reflector, whereby it is moved parallel to the firstqnentioned carbon, means to move it so as to maintain the focal point coincident with the are, a support for the lamp, having horizontal trnnnions, and a base sustaining the said support and upon which it is movable about a vertical axis, whereby the beam of light from the lamp may be projected in all directions.

15. In an arc lamp, the combination of a main frame, a holder for one of the carbons, carried by said main frame, a carriage or movable part, a holder for the other carbon, car- IIO ried by the carriage or movable part and adapted to hold the last-mentioned carbon at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon, feedmg dev ces consisting of a screw for feeding the carnage at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon and its holder, hand devices for rotating the said screw, a reflector to reflect the arc, and means to support the lamp upon a base wlth the provision for vertical and lateral motion.

16. In an arc lamp, the combination of a carbon, a holder for said carbon, a second carbon arranged at an angle to the first-mentioned carbon and adapted to maintain an are between the extreme ends of the carbons, and means to move the last-mentioned carbon bodlly in the direction of the length of the first-mentioned carbon with a speed com mensurate with the speed of the consumption of said carbons.

17. In an arc lamp, the combination of a carbon, a holder for said carbon, at second carbon arranged at an angle to the first-mentioncd carbon and adapted to maintain an are between the extreme ends of the carbons, and means to move the last-mentioned carbon bodily in the direction of the length of the first-mentioned carbon and also feed it transversely to the length of said first-mentioned carbon.

18. In an arc lamp, the combination of a carbon, a holder for said carbon, a second carbon arranged at an angle. to the first-mentioned carbon and adapted to maintain an are between the extreme ends of the carbons, means to move the last-mentioned carbon bodily in the direction of the length of the first-mentioned carbon, and an electric regulator operating upon the carbon independently of its movement parallel to the firstmentioned carbon for the purpose of moving the carbons to or from each other to regulate the extent of the are.

19. In an electric lamp,the combination of two carbons arranged at an angle to each other so as to maintain an are between their extreme ends, a holder for each of the carbons, feeding means to move one of the holders in the direction of the length of the car bon of the other holder with a speed commensurate with the consumption of the said carbon while maintaining the are.

20. In an electric lamp, the combination of two carbons arranged at an angle to each other so as to maintain an are between their extreme ends, a holder for each of the carbons, feeding means to move one of the holders in the direction of the length of the carbon of the other holder with a speed commensurate with the consumption of the said carbon while maintaining the arc, and an electric regulator to cause said carbons to have a relative movement independent of the feeding movement to regulate the extent of the are automatically.

In testimonyot' which invention I have hereunto set my hand.

R. M. HUNTER.

Witnesses:

S. T. YERKES, ERNnsT HOWARD HUNTER.