US477995A - Spark-arrester - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets- Sheet 1.

J. W. OURRAN.

SPARK ARRBSTBR.

Patented JunB Z8, 1892.

INVENTOR} 4Q- furrdfi BY (5% ATTORNEY,

W/TNESSES. s Q

(No Model.) 2 Shets-Shet 2.

J. W. OURRAN.

SPARK ARRESTER.

Patented June 28, 1892.

- INVENTO/i P rram BY 6 W/ T/VE SSE S ATTORNEY,

UNITED STATES P TENT OFFICE.

JOHN WILLIAM OURRAN, OF MARSHALL, TEXAS.

SPA-RK-ARRESTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 477,995, dated June 28, 1892.

Application filed February 18 1892. Serial No. 422,032. (No model.)

- To all whom it may concern:

- means for conveying oif the cinders.

Be it known that I, JOHN WILLIAM CURRAN, of Marshall, in the county of Harrison and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Spark-Arresters; and

I do hereby declare that the following is a full,

clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form part of this specification.

Thisinvention relates to certain improvements in spark-arresters or smoke-stacks for locomotives.

The object of the invention is to provide certain improvements whereby the sparks from a locomotive will be passed directly from the flues through the stack and the outer air will be admitted, which will keep the cinders in motion and force them through fine perforations and against the hard surfaces until they are thoroughly pulverized and all the fire therein is extinguished, and which .will thereby prevent the danger to combustible products by fire thrown from an engine and which will not in any way decrease or interfere with the efficient work of the locomotive.

These and other objects are accomplished byand myinvention consists in certain novel features of construction and in combinations of parts more fully described hereinafter, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section through the front end and smoke-stack of an extension frontlocomotive. Fig. 2 is avertical cross-section through the smoke-stack and smoke-box of the locomotive. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the extension of front end of smoke-box. Fig. at is a cross-section on the line a; as, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a skeleton side elevation of the top of the locomotive not provided with the extension front end, showing Fig. 6 is a rear end elevation.

In the drawings reference-letteraindicates the shell of the locomotive.

1) indicates the fire-fines opening smoke-box c.

d indicates the front extension of the smokeinto the box, closed at its front end by a suitable head provided with the door 0.

f indicates the smoke-stack, preferably provided with the reversely oppositely-tapered shell or casing, as shown.

g indicates the smoke-stack barrel, suitably securedand extending from the smoke-box upwardly into the interior of the smoke-stack and surrounded near its lower portion by the exterior downwardly-tapered annular pocketh, forming the bottom of the smoke-stack, the smoke-stack being securedto and carried by this barrel and pocket. A perforated cylinder extends from the floor of the smoke-box, where it is secured, upwardly throughout the height of the smoke-box and up into the stackbarrel to the upper portion thereof. This perforated cylinder is smaller in diameter than the interior of the stack-barrel, except at its upper end, where it is flared out within the stack-barrel to close the same, so that the smoke, cinders, &c., will have to pass through the perforated cylinder when passing through into the smoke-stack. The perforated cylin-- der within the smoke-box is surrounded by a lift-pipe j, open at the top and bottom, so as to form a passage around the perforated cylinder, flared outwardly at the lower end to catch the products of combustion. This liftpipe is suitably supported above the floor of the smoke-box and does not. extend completely to the top thereof. b

A solid inverted cone or deflector k is suitably secured in the upper part of the smokestack directly and centrally and adistance above the upper open end of the stack-barrel, and the end face of this deflector is so concaved or curved as to deflect the products of combustion passing up from the stock-barrel outwardly. This deflector is circular and preferably about the same in diameter or very little greater in diameter than the stock-bar 'rel, so as to leave plentyof room around it within the smoke-stack. A finely-perforated inverted metal cone Z is located inthestackabove said deflector is, preferably with its apex resting on the deflector.

this deflector are preferablyv turned or curved down, as shown, so as to leave an annular passage m around the edges of the perforated steel cone forthe purposes hereinafter set forth. An annular downwardly -extending' The edges of passage n is formed from the passage on downwardly next to the shell of the stack and around the space surrounding the deflector and perforated cone, and the upper end of this passage opens into the space around the perforated cone and into the passage n.

A netting 0 covers the extreme top of the stack.

Two pipes 19 extend from the lowest portions of the annular pocket h downwardly and forwardly, so that their lower open ends are located in about the lower central portion of the forward extension d of. the smokebox. The front door 8 of this extension d is preferably provided with a series of front openings q, through which the air passes when the locomotive is traveling, and is carried downwardly by plate 1 to the lower portion of the front end of said extension, where it escapes through passage 8, forming a steady and strong current of air rearwardly throughthe lower portion of the said extension into the smoke-box c.

indicates an opening at the bottom of the smoke-box extension into the space a, formed by curved plate '0, extending about half-way around the lower portion of the smoke-box extension, so that the air passes through said opening t into the space at beneath said plate l), which forms the bottom of the smoke-box, and is discharged into opposite sides of the smoke-box near its upper portion, and thereby prevents cinders from accumulating in the upper part of the smoke-box. As the currents of air passing in over the top edges of plate 0 will be drawn downwardly and rearwardly by the stronger current of air passing in through the opening sin thelower part of the smokebox extension, the opening t around the pipe 10 extends down from the bottom of the smoke-box extension and is provided with the suitable cap, so that the cinders which-may remain on said bottom can be drawn off through this pipe.

A small pipe 1) extends up from the exterior of the smoke-box into the interior thereof just in rear of the opening 5 and slightly above or in the same horizontal plane thereof, and this pipe at its outer end is provided with the forwardly-extending funnel of and with the regulating-valve cl. The upper end of this pipe is provided with deflectors to admit air at e e e and deflectit outwardly. Above the upper end of this air-pipe b an arc-shaped rearwardly-extending deflector f is located and secured to the rear side of the plat-e r, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. A portion of the current from the openings e of pipe I) will strike against this deflecting-plate, producing circulation that will further agitate and whirl around the cinders.

The cinders after being drawn through the flues of the boiler by the draft caused by the exhaust are drawn by said exhaust from the flues upwardly at the top and bottom of the lift-pipe and through the perforations of the reticulated or perforated pipe '1; and through pipe before described.

the stack-barrel forcibly against the solid deflector 7a, which directs them downwardly into the pocket h. The cinders are broken by be: ing forced through the perforated cylinder 2 and are again reduced in size by being forcibly struck against the deflector 70. Some of the cinders which are fine and light enough are carried up around the edges of deflector it against the perforated cone Z, through which they will pass if thoroughly pulverized, so as to contain no fire, and they will also pass out through the netting 0. Cinders which will pass through the cone lor netting 0 are so fine and thoroughly pulverized that they cannot contain a spark of fire. Cinders which are too large to pass through the finely-perforated cone Z will pass beneath the upper edges thereof and will be drawn or dropped down the outer passage 71 to the pocket h. The annular passage m is formed around the exterior of the cone 1 to prevent what we term backlash when the engine is doing full duty and is working toits full capacity. This passage m forms an additional outlet when all i of the steam, smoke, &e., cannot pass through the cone l because of insufficient area.

The cinders from the pocket h are conveyed forwardly into the extension of the smoke- ..box, and as they are dropped out of the front ends of this pipe they are carried back'toward the lifting-pipe and through the perforated This operation is repeated until the cinders are thoroughly pull verized, so as to have comparatively no weight, when they will pass out, as before described, ;the object being to forcibly carry the cinders against rigid surfaces and through fine perforations, so that all fire will be extinguished and knocked out and the cinders will be so finely pulverized that they cannot convey a spark, and when in this condition they are discharged and cannot endanger adjacent combustible property.

The various currents of air caused to move within the extension of the smoke-box serve to Whirl and agitate the cinders thereln and prevent them settling in the smoke-box and to carry them back to the smoke-box proper and up the lift-pipe.

The device has been described as applicable to locomotives having extension front ends. However, Figs. 5 and 6 show my improved smoke-stack and spark-arrester applied to locomotives not having an extension front end. In this construction the pipes-p, instead of carrying the cinders forwardly into the smokebox extension, are extended rearwardly, as shown, by pipe 19, Figs. 5 and 6, and the boxshaped receptacle h at the rear end of the boiler, from whence they are drawn through the exhaust into the fire-box and are consumed. This box or receptacle is provided with pipe i, entering its upper portion and provided with the valve, so that if the cinders do not freely empty into the fire-box the valve in this pipe can be opened and the exhaust can freely draw air from the box and into said box. The front ends of the pipes are provided with oppositely-facingfunnels j and k, as shown, so that air can be drawn into each pipe p, whichever Way the locomotive is traveling. Caps are provided to close the oppositely-facing funnels when the-locomotive is traveling in either direction.

The many advantages and great utility of this invention are obvious without further explanation.

It is evident that various changes might be made in the form, constructions, and arrangement of the parts described without depart ing from the spirit and scope of my invention. Hence I do not wish to limit myself to the construction herein shown. 1

What I claim is l. A smoke-stack having the barrel and cinder-pocket around the barrel, the pipes for conveying said cinders from said pockets, the deflector arranged above the barrel to deflect the cinders. downwardly, the inverted finely:

perforated cone above the deflector, having the downward ly-curved upper edges to deflect the cinders downwardly which do not pass through the cone and form a passagearound the cone,,and the passage for conveying the cinders down from said cone. I

2. In a. locomotive, in combination, the smoke-box having the front extension, the lift-pipe in the smoke-box, the ,stack having the perforated and deflecting surfaces to prevent escape of cinders which are not-pulverized and havingsa cinder-pocket into which said cinders are thrown, and one or more pipes to convey the cinders from said pocket into the,

said end extension, whereby the cinders are kept agitated and arecarried back to the lift-pipe in the'smoke-box, substantially as set forth.

3.-In combination, a smoke-box havingia front end extension, the stack having a cinderpocket, the lift-pipe, means to prevent, passage ofcinders from said stack and to deflect the same to said pocket, pipes from said pocket to, discharge the cinders into thefront end extension, and openings and a passage in the front end of said extension, whereby air is admitted which will. carry the cinders from said front end backto. the lift-pipe.

' 4. Alocomotive providedwith the front end extension of the smoke-box,1'neans to convey the cinders from the smoke-stack into said extension,air-passages from the exterior into, said extension, whereby currents; ofairare maintained which will carry the cinders rearwardly and will prevent-them from congregating in the upper portion of the extension and will prevent them from remaining within the extension. ,p

5. A'locomotive having the front end extension, wherein the cinders from the smokestack are deposited, thefront openings and air-passages into said extension, whereby a rearward-current of air in the lower portion of the extension is maintained, passages from the exterior, whereby a current of air is dis-v charged into opposite sides of the front end extension, and the pipe from the exterior,

whereby air is discharged vwithin the extensaid deflector, and the annular. down passage within the shell from the outer edge of said inverted cone, substantially as described 1 7. A locomotive having the forward extension, means for discharging cinders thereinto,

a double bottom therefor forming an air-space opening intotheouter air and discharging into the extension at thesidesthereof, and an air-inlet into the front portion of the extensioniabove said bottom, substantially as described.

8. A locomotive havingthe forward.exten-.

sion, means for discharging cinders thereinto, openings in the frontend of said extension, and a downwardly-extending passage therefrom into said extension, subst'antiallycas described. V v

9. A locomotivehaving aforward extension, means for discharging cinders thereinto, means for discharging air into the sides of said extension, and the air-pipe having a funnel at its outer end and extending up within:

the extension andprovided With-deflectors, I

substantially as set forth.-

In testimony that I claim the. foregoing as my own I aflix my signature in presence-of two witnesses. a

. JOHN WILLIAM CURRAN. Witnesses: I WALKER D. ECTOR, 1'

JOHN H.-Hu1)soN. 7 I

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