US476145A - Henry howson - Google Patents
Henry howson Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US476145A US476145A US476145DA US476145A US 476145 A US476145 A US 476145A US 476145D A US476145D A US 476145DA US 476145 A US476145 A US 476145A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- ber
- plumbago
- mold
- bearing
- bearings
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 54
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 36
- 241000209456 Plumbago Species 0.000 description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000001050 lubricating Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002459 sustained Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/0033—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor constructed for making articles provided with holes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2021/00—Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material
Definitions
- the object ot' my invention is to form a? bearing'of lubricating material and binding material compressed into form that wille fectually withstand severe strains and shocks, the bearing being especially adapted for caraxle journals, stamping-machine journals, and i to bearings generally which are subjected to j pressure and also subjected to severe shocks I and strains.
- the compound I prefer to use in carrying out my invention is a mixture of ber and plumbago, combined with a suitable binder, preferably a drying-oil or semi-dryingoil, which will be resinied by the action of heat, to which the bearing is subjected during its manufacture; but it will be understood that different materials may be used than those mentioned-for instance, soapstone can be substituted for plurnbago and other bers may be substituted for divided Wood berand that any of the well-known fluid-binders may be used in place of the resiniedbil binder.
- a suitable binder preferably a drying-oil or semi-dryingoil, which will be resinied by the action of heat, to which the bearing is subjected during its manufacture; but it will be understood that different materials may be used than those mentioned-for instance, soapstone can be substituted for plurnbago and other bers may be substituted for divided Wood berand that any of the well-known fluid-binders may be used in place of the resiniedbil binder.
- Figure l is a sectional view of the mold, showing in diagram my improved process of manufacturing composition bearings.
- Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the mold and bearings.
- Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view.
- lubricating material to mean plumbago, soapstone, or equivalent material
- supporting material to mean ber or other material which will act as a support for thelubricating material
- the plumbago is mixed with nely-divided berrby stirring it with the ber in a liquid solution, simply using Water. I preferably make several batches ot this material, one
- the next batch may have a greater proportion of plumbago to ber.
- the next batch may 1 have the plumbago and ber in the same proportion, and the fourth batch may have the ber in excess of plumbago, and the fifth or last batch may be all ber.
- the drainage-plate B In the bottom of the mold A is the drainage-plate B, and in one end of the mold is a plunger D, and closing the mold is a cap E, secured to the body Ain any suitable manner.
- the cap E When the body of the mold is filled, as described above, the cap E is placed in position and the plunger forced into the mold, compressing the material therein to the density required, the liquid escaping from the material through the perforated plate, the supporting material acting as a ilte'r, preventing the escape of the lubricating material from the mold.
- the ber which is the preferred material for use as a supporting medium, the ber of one layer will become entangled with the ber of another layer, as the liquid has a tendency to carry the ber with it.
- the order in which the layers may be placed in the mold may bey reversed, the plumbago being placed in the mold first and the-backing-Iiber last.
- bearing any machine, element, or structure which is subjected to friction, and it will be understood, While I have shown simply one form of l n facturing composition bearings, said process mold for carrying my invention into effect, other molds may be'used and the bearing may be shaped differently from the bearings shown in Figs. 2 and 3, these views being simply shown to illustrate one form of bearing.
- the process herein described of manufacturing bearings consisting in placing in a mold two or more layers of mate.- rial, one of said layers having a greater proportion of lubricating material than the other, and compressing the material in a mold to form a solid homogeneous mass, in which the proportion of lubricating material to sustaining material is greater at the face than at the back, substantially as described.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
(N0 Model.)
H. HOWSON, PROOBSS OF MAKING COMPOSITION BEARINGS. No. 476,145. y Patented May 3l, 1892.
FIG/.1.
f/ IMX/lm we Noms pz'rsns co4, Puma-umu, wAsNmsmN, n, c.
.)To all whom t may concern: Beitknown that I, HENRY HovvsoN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident ot v lowing is a specification.
UNITED STATES 5 PATENTV OFFICE..
HOLMES FIBRE "GRAPHITE MANUFACTURING ILLINOIS.
COMPANY, OF CHICAGO,
PROCESS oF MAKING coMPoslTloN BEARINGS.'
VtSPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 476,145, dated May 31, 1892.
j Application lcd March 9. 1892. Serial No. 424,291. (No specimens.)
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented 1, certain Improvements in the Process of Mak-i ing Composition Bearings, of which the fol-i The object ot' my invention is to form a? bearing'of lubricating material and binding material compressed into form that wille fectually withstand severe strains and shocks, the bearing being especially adapted for caraxle journals, stamping-machine journals, and i to bearings generally which are subjected to j pressure and also subjected to severe shocks I and strains.
The compound I prefer to use in carrying out my invention is a mixture of ber and plumbago, combined with a suitable binder, preferably a drying-oil or semi-dryingoil, which will be resinied by the action of heat, to which the bearing is subjected during its manufacture; but it will be understood that different materials may be used than those mentioned-for instance, soapstone can be substituted for plurnbago and other bers may be substituted for divided Wood berand that any of the well-known fluid-binders may be used in place of the resiniedbil binder.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a sectional view of the mold, showing in diagram my improved process of manufacturing composition bearings. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the mold and bearings. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view.
In the specication I willuse the term lubricating material to mean plumbago, soapstone, or equivalent material, and supporting material to mean ber or other material which will act as a support for thelubricating material.
I will now describe my process in connection with ber and plumbago and an oil-binder, as the best possible results are obtained by using this composition.
The plumbago is mixed with nely-divided berrby stirring it with the ber in a liquid solution, simply using Water. I preferably make several batches ot this material, one
batch in which the proportion of plumbago to ber is very great. In fact, in someinstances the plumbago may be in a pure state. The next batch may have a greater proportion of plumbago to ber. The next batch may 1 have the plumbago and ber in the same proportion, and the fourth batch may have the ber in excess of plumbago, and the fifth or last batch may be all ber.
I first place in the mold a layer ct of ber. Then I place upon this a layer b of a compound consisting of ber and plumbago in which the ber is in excess. Then next to this I place a layer c of material in which the plumbago and ber are of equalparts, and upon this I place a layer cl in which the portion of plumbago is in excess of the ber, and upon the latter I place a final layer of either pure plumbago or plumbago with a small quantity of ber.
In the bottom of the mold A is the drainage-plate B, and in one end of the mold is a plunger D, and closing the mold is a cap E, secured to the body Ain any suitable manner.
When the body of the mold is filled, as described above, the cap E is placed in position and the plunger forced into the mold, compressing the material therein to the density required, the liquid escaping from the material through the perforated plate, the supporting material acting as a ilte'r, preventing the escape of the lubricating material from the mold. When ber is used, which is the preferred material for use as a supporting medium, the ber of one layer will become entangled with the ber of another layer, as the liquid has a tendency to carry the ber with it. Consequently the several sections become interlocked under the heavy pressure and a bearing is made from a homogeneous mass having a greater proportion of lubricating material at the face than at the back and at the same time having a greater proportion, by preference, of supporting material at the back than lubricating material.
While I have described a bearing made from ve layers of material, it will be understood that it can loe made from two or more layers, depending upon the Work for which the bearing is intended and the thickness of the bearing. I am thus enabled to produce a bearing having a good lubricating-surface supported and strengthened by the backing formed of fiber, which is, however, a part of the bearing and is so intimately mixed with the plumbago and fiber at the bearingsurface that any severe strains or shocks which would under ordinary circumstances crack and destroy the bearing-surface will be taken up and sustained by the backing of ber, the latter being tough and strong and possessing a certain amount of elasticity.
In some instances the order in which the layers may be placed in the mold may bey reversed, the plumbago being placed in the mold first and the-backing-Iiber last.
By the term bearing as I use it is meant any machine, element, or structure which is subjected to friction, and it will be understood, While I have shown simply one form of l n facturing composition bearings, said process mold for carrying my invention into effect, other molds may be'used and the bearing may be shaped differently from the bearings shown in Figs. 2 and 3, these views being simply shown to illustrate one form of bearing.
I claim as my invention- 1. The process herein described of manufacturing bearings, said process consisting in placing in a mold two or more layers of mate.- rial, one of said layers having a greater proportion of lubricating material than the other, and compressing the material in a mold to form a solid homogeneous mass, in which the proportion of lubricating material to sustaining material is greater at the face than at the back, substantially as described.
2. The process herein described of manulback of the bearing will act as a filter and prevent the escape of the lubricating material during the compression of the mass, substantially as specified.
3. The process ,herein described of manu- `iacturing composition bearings, the process consisting in first placing a series of layers of `lubricating and supporting material in the lmold in a semi-fluid state, compressing the i material in the mold, so as to unite the layers and to remove the liquid, drying the composition thus formed, impregnating the mass with a fluid binder, and drying the composition, so as to set, solidify, and harden the mass, substantially as described.
4. The process herein described of manuconsisting in first placing aseries of layers of liber and alubricating material, such as plumbago, in a suitable mold, securing the composition in the mold, and subjecting the composition to an end pressure, so as to make the ibers in one section entangle with the fibers ot' the adjoining section to form a solid homogeneous mass, substantially as described.
In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence o two subscribing Witnesses.
HENRY HOWSON. Witnesses:
JNO. E. PARKER, Jos. H. KLEIN.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US476145A true US476145A (en) | 1892-05-31 |
Family
ID=2545001
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US476145D Expired - Lifetime US476145A (en) | Henry howson |
Country Status (1)
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US (1) | US476145A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3390079A (en) * | 1964-07-20 | 1968-06-25 | Utakoji Masaru | Method of hot extrusion of metallic articles |
-
0
- US US476145D patent/US476145A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3390079A (en) * | 1964-07-20 | 1968-06-25 | Utakoji Masaru | Method of hot extrusion of metallic articles |
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